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##钢铁陷阱: Mine warfare by the Soviet army in Afghanistan
Winter is approaching, the cold wind is carrying fine sand, ruthlessly blowing across the ridge of the Hindu Kush Mountains, in the distance, a Soviet patrol is slowly advancing along the rugged mountain road, they are wrapped in thick winter clothes, under the steel helmet, a pair of vigilant eyes watch everything around, this seemingly calm mountainous area, but the hidden killing machine - mines, the silent ghost of war, lurking on both sides of the road, under the pile of rubble, ready to devour life at any time
####防御之网: Defend the Iron Behemoth
In 1979, the Soviet army swung south, the prelude to the war in Afghanistan began, at first, the Soviet army did not expect this war to be so long and cruel, they underestimated the determination of the Afghanistan resistance forces and the complex terrain, in order to ensure the safety of logistics supply lines and important military facilities, the Soviet army began to use their brains on the use of landmines
In the vast land of Afghanistan, there are Soviet airfields and military bases scattered everywhere, these places are stationed a large number of soldiers and mountains of war materials, which are the heart and lifeblood of the Soviet army, in order to resist the elusive attacks of the guerrillas, the Soviet army has laid dense minefields around these important facilities, forming a steel barrier
Under the scorching sun or the wind and snow, the Soviet sappers planted mines in the open areas around the base, on both sides of the road and in hidden corners that could be used by the enemy, most of these mines are OZM-72 anti-infantry jumping mines, its structure is simple, easy, but the lethality should not be underestimated, once triggered, it will bounce to a height of about one meter in the air and explode, dense steel balls are enough to tear apart all life within a radius of more than ten meters
In order to prevent accidental injury to their own people, the Soviets set up barbed wire, warning signs and warning posts on the borders of the minefields, and strictly controlled the entry and exit of soldiers, and the cunning Afghanistan guerrillas always found various ways to infiltrate, using night cover, familiarizing themselves with the terrain, and even driving livestock to mine in an attempt to tear through the Soviet defenses
####死亡封锁: Cut off the guerrilla path
As the war deepened, the Soviet army gradually realized that relying only on defensive minefields was far from enough, and the Afghanistan guerrillas were highly mobile and familiar with the terrain, and they broke into pieces, attacking the Soviet army's supply lines and patrols out of nowhere, making the Soviet army exhausted, and in order to curb the guerrilla activities, the Soviet army began to change its strategy and use mines to block and delay the enemy's actions
In mountain passes, roads, mountain paths, and even dry riverbeds, where partisans frequented, the Soviets laid a large number of mines, which were no longer limited to defensive jumping mines, but also included the more powerful PMN anti-vehicle mines, which weighed 26 kg and had a charge of up to 16 kg, enough to blow up a light armored vehicle
The Soviet sappers used all kinds of tools and means to skillfully hide mines under rocks, bushes, and even animal carcasses, so that the partisans could not be guarded, and they also used helicopters and rocket mine-laying vehicles to carry out long-range mine-laying in some hard-to-reach mountainous areas, trying to block the partisans in the mountains and cut off their supply lines
The widespread use of landmines has indeed brought great difficulties to the guerrillas' operations, and they have to carefully explore their paths to find safety, which greatly slows down their movement and increases the consumption of materials
####幽灵杀机: Blades for Special Forces
In the later stages of the war, in order to cope with the increasingly stalemate of the war, the Soviet army began to rely on special forces to perform some high-risk and difficult tasks, and mines, a seemingly inconspicuous weapon, became a trump card in the hands of special forces, and played an unexpected role in carrying out raids, ambushes, sabotage and other tasks
The Soviet special forces, also known as the GRU and Alpha, are well-trained and equipped with tactics such as infiltration, raids and demolitions
When ambushing a guerrilla commander or an important person, the special forces will pre-lay a directional mine on their path, which can be set in the direction of explosion as needed, and the killing range is fan-shaped, which can effectively kill and injure the enemy hiding behind the cover
In raids on guerrilla camps or strongholds, special forces use mines, often disguised as everyday items such as radios, flashlights, and even toys, which can cause explosions when touched, killing and injuring enemy forces and causing chaos
The combination of landmines and special operations made the tactics of the Soviet army more flexible and deadly, and this tactic was also fraught with danger, because the special forces also faced great risks when laying mines and clearing mines
####战争的伤疤: A wound that is hard to heal
In 1989, after a decade-long bloody battle, the Soviet army finally withdrew from Afghanistan, the war brought huge casualties and losses to both sides, and landmines, the specter of this war, still haunted and became a lingering nightmare in the hearts of the Afghanistan people
According to statistics, during the war in Afghanistan, the Soviet army laid millions of mines, which were distributed in all corners of Afghanistan, becoming a huge obstacle to post-war reconstruction and development
Landmines not only threaten people's lives, but also seriously restrict Afghanistan's economic development, large areas of land cannot be cultivated because of landmines, and many roads are impassable because of mines, which makes the already poor Afghanistan even worse
What is even more tragic is that many children, out of curiosity or ignorance, have fallen victim to landmines, lost, lost loved ones and even lost their lives, and the shadow of war has left indelible scars on their young minds
The Soviet army's mine warfare in Afghanistan is a microcosm of the cruelty of war, which tells us that war not only destroys buildings, but also destroys lives and destroys the future, and landmines, the specter of war, still remind us that peace is not easy to come by, cherish peace, and stay away from war
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