#Brilliant Pen Flower Creation Challenge#What I share with you is: geography review environmental problems and their hazard tracking training summary, collect for backup! I hope it will be helpful to you by providing ideas in your daily study and answering exam questions.
1. Multiple choice questions
Studies have shown that drainage (irrigation) systems in peatlands (peat bogs) have a significant impact on both the water and carbon cycles. A low bet pool in the UK was once submerged. Thanks to the rapid drainage through the system thanks to a network of deep canals and drainage pipes, the area is now a highly productive agricultural area, but it is still subject to flooding from time to time, or a haze of "black carbon clouds" (clouds similar in color) forming over them. Complete questions 1-3 accordingly.
1. The formation of this peatland depends critically on ( )
A. Decreased soil fertility
B. Vegetation decay
C. Formation of the parent material of the soil
D. Deforestation
2. The influence of the drainage system on the water cycle section of the peatland is mainly reflected in ( )
(1) Precipitation (2) infiltration (3) evaporation (4) water vapor transport
A.(1)(2) B.(1)(3) C.(2)(3) D.(2)(4)
3. The haze phenomenon of "black carbon clouds" formed over the earth, mainly due to ( )
A. Peatlands are dry and flammable B. Over-extraction of groundwater C. Intensified global warming D. Erosion and loss of peat
Studies have shown that drainage (irrigation) systems in peatlands (peat bogs) have a significant impact on both the water and carbon cycles. A low bet pool in the UK was once submerged. Thanks to the rapid drainage through the system thanks to a network of deep canals and drainage pipes, the area is now a highly productive agricultural area, but it is still subject to flooding from time to time, or a haze of "black carbon clouds" (clouds similar in color) forming over them. Complete 4-6 questions accordingly.
4. The formation of this peatland depends critically on ( )
A. Decreased soil fertility B. Vegetation decay
C. Formation of parent soil D. Deforestation
5. The influence of the drainage system on the water cycle section of the peatland is mainly reflected in ( )
(1) Precipitation (2) infiltration (3) evaporation (4) water vapor transport
A.(1)(2) B.(1)(3) C.(2)(3) D.(2)(4)
6. The haze phenomenon of "black carbon clouds" formed over the earth, mainly due to ( )
A. Dry and flammable peatlands B. Over-extraction of groundwater
C. Intensified global warming D. Erosion and loss of peat
The four arrows in the figure below reflect the relationship between people and the environment. Read the picture and complete 7~8 questions.
7. Human indiscriminate exploitation and misuse of natural resources belongs to the arrow in the figure ( )
A.① B.②
C.(3) D.(4)
8. In recent years, in summer and autumn, the "red tide" phenomenon is prone to occur in the coastal waters of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, resulting in the death of a large number of marine life. The arrows in the figure related to the cause of their formation are ( )
A.① B.②
C.(3) D.(4)
At present, global environmental problems, such as global warming and the destruction of the ozone layer, have endangered the survival of human beings. Local environmental problems have become an important factor restricting economic development and human health. The following figure shows a schematic diagram of local environmental problems and their solutions. Complete questions 9-11 accordingly.
9. The main causes of global environmental problems are ( )
(1) Human demand for natural resources is excessive, and (2) The level of socio-economic development is too low
(3) The natural environment itself evolves too fast (4) Human beings emit too much waste
A.(1)(2) B.(2)(3) C.(3)(4) D.(1)(4)
10. A, B, and C represent ( ) respectively
A. Environmental pollution, clean production, civilized consumption
B. Civilized consumption, environmental pollution, cleaner production
C. Clean production, civilized consumption, environmental pollution
D. Environmental pollution, civilized consumption, cleaner production
11. At different stages of regional development, the geographical environment has different impacts on human activities. In the post-industrial period, the influence of geographical environment on human activities is ( )
(1) The impact of emerging technologies on human production and life has increased overall
(2) The degree of dependence on means of subsistence and labor has been greatly increased
(3) The new technology industry has high environmental requirements, and the impact of environmental quality on human activities is enhanced
(4) The agglomeration of new technology industries in areas with superior geographical environment is conducive to forming agglomeration effects and improving product quality
A.(1)(2) B.(3)(4) C.(1)(3) D.(2)(4)
Read the map of environmental problems in some parts of the world and answer 12~14 questions.
12. The environmental problems reflected in (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) in the figure are ( )
A. Acid rain, desertification, soil erosion of farmland, destruction of primary forests, and pollution of sea areas
B. Desertification, acid rain, primary forest destruction, farmland soil erosion, sea pollution
C. Acid rain, farmland soil erosion, desertification, primary forest destruction, sea pollution
D. Desertification, primary forest destruction, acid rain, farmland soil erosion, and sea pollution
13. The following pollutants are not related to the environmental problems in (2) in the figure ( )
A. Industrial emission of exhaust gases
B. Exhaust gases from household stoves
C. Automobile exhaust gases
D. Construction site dust
14. The natural causes of the increasing desertification area of land in the figure are ( )
A. Deforestation and destruction of vegetation
B. Overgrazing, grassland degradation
C. The desert edge has an arid climate and strong wind effect
D. Precipitation intensity is large, erosion is strong
On July 1, 2019, the Shanghai Municipal Household Waste Management Regulations came into effect, which was described as "the strictest garbage classification measure in history". At the end of October 2019, about 12,000 residential areas in Shanghai met the garbage sorting standard by 80%, compared with 15% at the end of 2018. Following Shanghai, the "garbage classification" policy swept the country. The figure is a schematic diagram of the new garbage disposal process. Complete questions 15-17 accordingly.
15. Compared with the end of 2018, the main reasons for the sharp increase in the compliance rate of garbage classification in Shanghai in October 2019 are ( )
A. The quality of citizens has been greatly improved B. Government incentives and constraints
C. Improve the level of garbage disposal technology D. Rationalize garbage classification
16. The biggest advantage of the new waste disposal process shown in the picture is ( )
A. Radically reduce the production of garbage
B. Eliminate secondary pollution caused by garbage
C. Zero discharge of pollutants has been achieved
D. Waste reduction and resource utilization
17. At present, the promotion of rural household waste classification is slow, compared with urban areas, the main reason for the slow promotion of rural areas is ( )
A. Less hazardous waste
B. Little policy support
C. Low level of garbage disposal technology
D. The conditions for garbage classification are not mature
Bloom refers to a eutrophication phenomenon in freshwater bodies due to the enrichment of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which makes algae bloom in large numbers. A school's geography practice group learned through consulting data that phosphorus-bearing strata in the western part of the Jiahu Basin were widely exposed, and the earliest record of cyanobacteria blooms dates back to the end of the 19th century. Since 1980, cyanobacteria blooms have occurred frequently, and eutrophication has been serious. At the beginning of 2018, the Jiahu Lake Basin began to fully implement the river chief system and the lake chief system, and unified planning and comprehensive improvement of the water body in the basin. Complete questions 18-19 accordingly.
18. It is speculated that at the end of the 19th century, the most susceptible to eutrophication in the waters of figures (1)(2)(3)(4) was ( )
A. (1) B. (2) C. (3) D. (4).
19. Since 1980, the main reasons for the frequent occurrence of cyanobacteria blooms in this basin are ( )
A. Returning land to the lake expands the area of the lake
B. Build sluices to make the water body difficult to discharge
C. Increase in pollutants emitted from production and life
D. Global warming raises regional temperatures
Read the picture and complete 20~21 questions.
20. The ecological and environmental problems shown on the screen are ( )
A. Deforestation B. Degradation of grasslands
C. Soil pollution D. Sandstorms
21. If the scene in the picture appears in the Jiangnan area of the mainland, the consequences of the ecological and environmental problems are ( )
(1) Shortage of forest products (2) Reduction of rare animals (3) Intensification of natural disasters such as drought and flood and mudslides (4) Destruction of the ozone layer
A.②③④ B.①③④
C.(1)(2)(4) D.(1)(2)(3)
2. Comprehensive questions
22. Discuss the relationship between environment and development
Historically, the development of many regions has experienced a process of "pollution first, treatment later", and some scholars have summarized this process with the environmental Kuznets curve. The curve shows that environmental quality gradually deteriorates with economic growth in the early stage, but gradually decreases after reaching a certain tipping point.
(1) What are the possible reasons for the inflection point of the environmental Kuznets curve? (Relationship between environment and income)
(2) Is environmental "pollution first, treatment later" an inevitable process for regional social and economic development?
(3) How can regional economic development avoid going through the process of "pollution first, treatment later"?
23. Read the graphic materials and complete the following requirements.
The Qinghai naked carp, also known as "sturgeon", is a national second-class protected animal, mainly feeding on algae, crustaceans, aquatic insects and small fish. 130,000 years ago, naked carp had scales (to protect the fish, reduce diseases, and prevent the loss of fresh water), and then due to the movement of the earth's crust, Qinghai Lake changed from an outflow lake to an endoflow lake, and the scales gradually degraded, until now the whole body is scaleless. Due to its special living environment, the growth rate of nudibranchs in Qinghai Lake is very slow, with an increase of about 0.5kg per decade. It is a migratory reproductive fish, which has strict requirements on water temperature and water quality during the breeding season, and the survival rate of reproduction in natural conditions is low. Data show that the number of naked carp in Qinghai reached 199,000 tons in 1961, but only 2,592 tons in 2002. Since 2015, Qinghai Province has spent a total of 36.72 million yuan to abolish barrages in Shaliu River, Quanji River, Hargai River and other places through which Huangyu migration must pass, and build (reconstruct) 7 stepped migration channels, with a height difference of 15~20cm between the two steps, and grooves built between the steps. By the end of 2016, the number of nudibranchs in Qinghai reached 70,800 tons, an increase of nearly 27 times from 2,592 tons in 2002, when conservation started. Figure I. is the water system map of Qinghai Lake, and Figure II is the design of the migration channel of the fish.
(1) Analyze the reasons for the gradual degradation of nudibranchs from scales to scales in Qinghai Lake.
(2) Briefly describe the reasons for the sharp decline of the number of fish resources in Qinghai Lake from 1961 to 2002.
(3) Explain the rationality of the design of the fish migration channel.
(4) In addition to the construction of migration channels, please propose two more feasible measures to protect the fish.
Answer:
1.B 2.C 3.A4.B 5.C 6.A7. C 8.D9.D 10.A 11.C12.B 13.D 14.C15.B 16.D 17.D18.B 19.C20. A 21.D
22. (1) social groups with low income levels rarely generate demand for environmental quality, and poverty exacerbates environmental degradation; After the income level increases, people pay attention to the current and future living environment, generate a demand for high-quality environment, not only willing to buy environmentally friendly products, but also constantly strengthen the awareness of environmental protection, willing to accept strict environmental standards, and drive structural changes in the economy to slow down environmental degradation. This eventually led to an inflection point.
(2) No
(3) The improvement of environmental quality is not only related to the economic level, nor will it occur automatically, but depends on the improvement of environmental awareness of the whole society, the strict implementation of environmental policies, and the support of technological progress
23. (1) After Qinghai Lake became an endorheic lake, the salinity of the lake increased, and the naked carp degraded its scales in order to quickly discharge salt from the body; Due to the increase in salinity of lake water, there are fewer microorganisms in the water body, and the functional need to avoid infection and fight disease decreases; The salinity of the lake increases, and other natural enemies in the lake decrease.
(2) Qinghai Lake has a high altitude, long-term low temperature and lack of oxygen, lack of plankton, and slow growth and development of sturgeon; Global warming, increased evaporation, lake water level decreased, and the area of suitable habitats decreased; Over-cultivation in the upstream area, water diversion for irrigation, destruction of surface vegetation and other human activities, resulting in a decrease in the amount of water entering the lake and deterioration of the living environment; Human overfishing and sewage discharge have directly caused a sharp decline in the number of fish resources.
(3) The height of the ladder is not high, and most of the fish can jump through, which is in line with the biological principle of survival of the fittest; There are grooves built between the stairs to provide a resting place for the fish; Designed in a stepped shape, it slows down the flow of water and facilitates the migration of the fish upstream.
(4) Strictly control sewage discharge and protect water quality; Implement artificial breeding, breeding and release.
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