The Haiyu Weng clan is a Changshu Wang clan, according to the "Haiyu Weng Clan Genealogy", the Weng clan is derived from the Ji surname, and the King of Zhou Zhao's concubine yu Weng Shan, because of the fate of the clan. In the last years of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Weng clan avoided the Shile Rebellion and moved from the original city to the areas of Qiantang, Renhe, Haiyan and Yuyao in Zhejiang. During the Yuan to Yuan Dynasty, one of the Weng clan of Qiantang moved to the Gusu Pingjiang River, which was the beginning of the Weng clan's migration to Su. During the Ming Yongle period, Weng Jingyang, the younger son of Weng Shouyi of the Weng clan in Suzhou, was poor in Changshu because of his family, so Weng Jingyang was regarded by the Weng clan of Changshu as the ancestor of the first migration. Two generations of emperors Weng Tonggong is the fifteenth grandson of Weng Jingyang.
Six volumes of the "Shi Jian Jie To Be Read" The inscription of the Chongwen Bureau in the twelfth year of the Reign of qing Tongzhi, Weng Xin has a preface
After the Weng clan settled in Changshu, they cultivated and studied for generations, and after several generations of efforts, during the Ming Dynasty, the sixth ancestor of the Weng clan of Changshu Weng Gong was a student of Changshu County, and he had five sons who had different names. The eldest son, Weng Huixiang, was born in Yi, the second son, Weng Xianxiang, was a twenty-year jinshi of the Wanli Calendar, the third son, Weng Maoxiang, was a man of the forty-third year of the Wanli Calendar, the fourth son, Weng Yingxiang, was a twenty-eighth year of the Wanli calendar, and the fifth son, Weng Yuexiang, was a twenty-sixth year of the Wanli calendar. The weng family's children have achieved such good results that they have become local celebrities.
Six volumes of "Shi Jian Jie To Be Read" The engraving of the Chongwen Bureau in the twelfth year of qing tongzhi, Weng Xincun prefaced the paragraph
The specific generation of the Weng family's collection of books began, there is no exact record of the record, Mr. Cao Peigen mentioned in the "Changshu Weng Collection Research" that it began with the seventh ancestor of the Weng family, Weng Yingxiang, who holds the eighteen volumes of the "Huangming Changshu Literature". Weng Tonggong obtained the book in December of the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu, and he wrote in the text of the book: "In December of Guangxu Gengzi, he obtained this book from the old home of Wuyi. Repeatedly observed, did not examine the location of its righteous examples. But the transmission is very rare, and those who talk about things should be collected. At the end of the volume, there is a small seal of the word 'Sheng', which is suspected to be hidden by the Shuozhou Gongshou of my family. Gong Zhen Ying Xiang, Wanli Gengzi Juren, Wuxi Teachings, Fujian Guangming County Zhi County, Shanxi Shuozhou Zhizhou. Return to the forest, for the society of literature and wine. To Chongzhen Xin Died, at the age of seventy-seven. At the time of the completion of this book, the public year was only forty ears, and it had entered the yan, and it was appropriate to fix it. Tonggong Notes. ”
Yiqinglou Poetry Collection, twelve volumes, "Sequel", four volumes, Qing Xianfeng 7 to Tongzhi 9 years Humble Yiyuan engraving, Weng Xin has a preface
Through the seal of this book, Weng Tonggong guessed that the book was the old collection of the Seventh Ancestor Weng Yingxiang. To this end, Cao Peigen said in his monograph: "If the Weng collection is counted from the Weng Yingxiang brothers' collection, it has experienced more than 400 years and more than 10 generations. ”
Wang Zhongliang gave the following summary of the achievements of the Changshu Weng family's collection in the article "Mianshize is not as good as good, Zhenjiasheng is still reading- The Revelation of Changshu Weng Xincun and Weng Tonggong Family's "Poetry and Book Heirloom"":
Since the Weng Yingxiang brothers have a collection of books, the Weng family has a collection of books for more than 400 years and more than 10 generations, which is a rare family of books. The Weng clan has grandchildren bibliophiles, brother bibliophiles, and couple bibliophiles. Grandchildren bibliophiles, such as Weng Tonggong's grandfather Xianfeng, father Xincun, brother Tongshu, and Tongjue; brother bibliophiles, such as books, tongjue, and tonggong brothers; husband and wife bibliophiles, such as Weng Xincun and his wife.
"YiQinglou Poetry Collection" Twelve volumes "Sequel" four volumes Qing Xianfeng seven years to Tongzhi ninth year Humble Yiyuan engraving, Weng Xincun preface fell
The key figure in the prosperity of the Weng family in Changshu is the fourteenth ancestor Weng Xincun, Weng Xincun Erming, the number of YiYi, he is the second son of Weng Xianfeng, the father of Weng Tonggong. Weng Xincun was a clever superhuman since childhood, 7 years old and able to write, but due to his family's embarrassment, he sat in a number of local libraries in Changshu In the process, he saw a large number of rich collections of other bibliophiles. I think his extensive collection of books since then has an important connection to this experience.
For his mentality at that time, Weng Xincheng wrote in the poem "Shu Jia Xing (Purchase and Seeking Different Books)" written by him in the third part of the "Four Chapters of Xinle Fu":
He should not have given ten thousand scrolls to his secretary, but should sit in the hundred cities of the Book of Aliens. Otherwise, it is far from the chicken Linjia, otherwise learn to be a boy. The fragrance of books can cure hunger, and the smell of books can quench thirst. The book stall bed is stuffed into the book house, and the book is estimated to live in the book for a lifetime. They are reluctant to exchange books for wine coupons, and they are unwilling to offer books to high-ranking officials. I would like to live happily with Na Huan and do my best to make up treasures and look at it.
The archway at the entrance of the Hall of Colored Clothes
It can be seen from this that Weng Xincun hopes to be able to sit in the book city, but before his family was developed, he did not have so much spare money to buy books, so he came up with the method of using shadow copying to get the rare copy. For example, when Weng Xincun was 21 years old in Jiaqing, he sat in the Li family in Changshu Shantangjing, during which time he copied a copy of Feng Zhishi's Shadow Song Manuscript "Jade New Yong". The book is now in the national map, and there are a number of Weng Tong Gong Pao words at the end of the book, one of which is:
Jiaqing Xin Wei, Yu Guan in Shantangjing Li Clan, Changxia has nothing to do, borrowed Chen Zi zhuan cousin's collection, hand self-shadow pro, where the three readings of the moon is bi, quite self-proclaimed fiber and forced Xiao. Now that he had suddenly been thirty years old, Zi Zhun had been dead for a long time, and the books in Ji Rui Lou had all turned into clouds, while Yu Yi's eyes were dazed and old, and he couldn't help but sigh. Daoguang Gengzi Small Chinese New Year's Eve Sui Ji Ji.
entrance
Weng Xincun borrowed the base book from the jirui building of the bibliophile Chen Yu, who called Chen Yu a cousin, which shows that the two families are related. The photocopy was much slower than the transcription, and although there was only one volume of the Jade New Wing, Weng Xincun copied it for three months. Since it is a shadow copy, this shows that Weng Xin is not only looking at the content of the book, but more likes the wonderful shadow Song codex, which also shows that he has a strong sense of book collection.
Wen Bao brand
Weng Xincun once sat in Zhang Fengchi's house to teach Zhang Fengchi's sons Zhang Shuben, Zhang Shujie, Zhang Shuzhi and so on. Zhang Fengchi was also a bibliophile, and later Zhang Shuben showed Weng Xincun his father's Hanzhen Poetry And asked Weng to write a preface to it, in which Weng wrote: "Jiaqing Nongshen, to the twenty-second year, to the three provinces of the Tang Zhang clan." Zhang Shi (張氏), surnamed Yizhong (邑中). The door is near the Kotokawa River, and the trees are hidden. The west room of the hall is known as Bao Xian, which is a library. At the same time, it is also said that the Zhang family has tens of thousands of books, which shows the large number of books in Zhang Fengchi.
Champion
Weng Xincun also sat in Zhao Yuankai's house, Changshu Zhao is also a family of books, starting from Zhao Chengqian in the Ming Dynasty, through Zhao Yongxian father and son, until Zhao Zongjian, after more than ten generations, its famous library buildings include Zhao Yongxian's Pine Stone Zhai, Zhao Qimei's Maiwangguan, Zhao Tonghui's father and son's Zongyi Mountain House, and Zhao Zongde and Zhao Zongjian's old mountain building. Zhao Yuankai was Zhao Zongjian's grandfather.
Regarding Zhao Yuankai's collection, Sun Yuanxiang described in the "Biography of Zhao Hanquan": "There are many ancient trees in the Yuanweng Garden, and the old Gui is a hundred-year-old thing. Weng also planted flowers and trees, and opened plum beds, which can be several acres. Yan Qiju is known as the general Yishan House, the Yishi Map Book, filled with it, and the famous house in Yizhong is more than a lot. Weng Shan brews wine, takes water Taoyuan Stream, the fragrance is clear, the name Taoyuan Spring. Guest to, Yuan Kai Xing wine, said: with the current ancient people to pay, better than the old paper to seek. "The Changyi Mountain House is a garden with a library, And Zhao Yuankai is good at brewing wine, and he often calls friends in this garden.
The first to enter the courtyard
Comparatively speaking, Weng Xincun and the Changshu bibliophile Chen Yu have a closer relationship, one is because of the kinship between the two, both of them live in Changshu Jiuwanwei, they should still be neighbors, so Weng Xincun often goes to Jiruilou to borrow books. After Chen Yu's death, part of the old collection of Ji Rui Lou was collected by Qu Shaoji to the Tieqin Bronze Sword Building, and some of it was bought by Weng Xincun. Pan Zuyin wrote in the "Preface to the Bibliography of the < JiRui Lou >": "My master Weng Wenduan Gong and Zi Zhunhou, both sympathetic to his death, received his collection with heavy value, only three or four, and many people were lost. ”
Weng Xincun spent a lot of money to receive 30% or 40% of the old collection of Ji Rui Lou, and Weng Xin existed in Daoguang's 26th year of "Zhi Zhi Zhai Diary" wrote: "At noon, Sun xx came, and wrote for Ji Rui Lou. Last night's dream was accurate, was it that his spirit was refreshed and eager to return, and he got what he wanted? ”
Pillar foundation
It seems that the old collection of Ji Rui Lou was taken down by a bookseller, he came to Weng Xincun and asked him if he was willing to buy it, and it just so happened that last night Weng Xincun dreamed of Chen Yun, which made Weng Xinxin determined to take down this batch of books. Regarding what important rare books he bought from Ji Rui Lou, Weng Tonggong wrote in the poem of the Song carved book "Chongguang Fenmen Mr. Sansu Wenzhi": "Song Shu's small character "Sansu Wenzhi", the first volume of the multi-fold change, the old things of Ji Rui Lou are also. The first public purchase of this book is not the end of the book, Gengshen's change, only three volumes in the mud. Gong was both clean and hidden, and he also obtained this book in Chen Xinshan Xiucai. Xiu Cai, The Master of Ji Rui Lou's Wen Sun Ye. Mozuka, overwhelmed with pity. Tongzhi was twelve years old in the twenty-sixth day of the fifth month of the decoction, and Weng Tongzhi wrote down the lamp. ”
Colored Dress Hall
The book is a hundred volumes, and such a large number of Song engravings were of course heavy instruments in that era, which shows the high quality of the books in the Jirui Building, which also shows that Weng Xincun at that time already had a lot of economic strength to buy such a large number of Song editions. Unfortunately, after the war, the Weng family lost most of the books, and Weng Tonggong only found three of them in the sludge, and he restored these three books and preserved them. Not long after, he met Chen Xinshan, a descendant of Chen Yi, who took out a copy of the Song engraved "The Essence of Mr. Sansu" to Weng Tonggong, so that he was greatly moved.
Sideways
The old collection of the JiRui Building that I have passed through, and an important book have been returned to Weng Xincun. At the end of 1999, Mr. Weng Xingqing, a descendant of Weng Tonggong, took a batch of books to China Guardian Auction Company, and after hearing the news, I went to the conference room of Guardian Company to read books for a whole day and read all 80 kinds of 542 books. I was salivating over the brilliance of this batch of books, and after consultation, all of them were transferred to the Shanghai Library.
Painted wood carvings
Among the books in this batch is the Huichang Yipin Collection, which is a Zhejiang engraving in the middle of the Southern Song Dynasty, which was originally the old collection of Huang Pilie, and later obtained by Chen Yu, who was bought by Weng Xincun after Chen's death. The book was later handed over to the descendants of the Weng clan in Tianjin, and was brought to the United States at the end of 1948, where it returned to Chinese mainland for fortuitous reasons.
Weng Xincun was able to buy a large number of books, which was directly related to his eunuch career. In the second year of Daoguang, Weng Xincun was admitted to the Jinshi and was awarded the Title of Shu Jishi of the Hanlin Academy, and he was twice ordered to enter the study and become the master of Yi Bi. Xianfeng served as the governor of Suncheon for three years, and later became the president of Wuyingdian.