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"When robots appear in Los Angeles, are they watching a football game or are they watching people?"
Recently, the external version of TikTok on Douyin has broken out a hot topic. At a game in the Los Angeles Football League, spectators were pleasantly surprised to find that the audience around them appeared not to be humans, but "AI bionic robots."
The appearance is very similar to that of humans, but the human tissue on both sides of the skull has been replaced by machines. They sat quietly in the audience, but had no interest in enjoying the game, as if the live audience could pique their interest. The coolest thing is that their eyes are not dull and empty. The protagonist is ignorant and is investigating.
Although pageant officials claimed at the time that these "androids" were just a publicity stunt for a certain movie, these creatures, which looked more human-like than humans, caused a uncanny valley effect in people's minds.
The Uncanny Valley effect
Do you feel scared when you see a doll sitting alone in a chair? Are those one-on-one silicone dolls at the comic convention weird to you?
They appear to be humans with similar appearance or similar characteristics to humans. But the bare mechanical structure, creaky wood joints, and unblemished unusual leather make it clear that these are not all artefacts.
Humans lament their "humanity", followed by inexplicable panic. This is the Uncanny Valley effect.
In the 70s of the 20th century, Japanese roboticist Masahiro Mori proposed that humans will have a more positive attitude in the face of mechanical products, and even show some emotional orientations such as liking, exploration, and evaluation. When people face "bionic robots", they will show obvious embarrassment and repulsion.
This disgust seems to be innate, as if engraved on the human genetic map, passed down from generation to generation over the course of species evolution.
In fact, there is indeed an idea that the "uncanny valley effect" is a defense mechanism engraved in genes. Scientists have even experimentally proved that the "uncanny valley effect" is not unique to humans and is naturally rejected by other primates. Native organisms.
The researchers tried using detailed 3D simulation images and low-quality 3D simulation images to test whether the monkeys had the Uncanny Valley effect, and even mixed them with photos of real monkeys as a blank control. You can find out how much your subjects like the image by recording their reaction to it.
There are significant differences in the results of this experiment. The object is highly resistant to detailed 3D simulated images. It takes longer to view these crude imitations than the finished image. Over the decades, repeated tests at countless universities have ensured its reproducibility, and scientists believe the "uncanny valley effect" is innate to humans.
Some scientists believe that this is because in ancient times, human ancestors did not have enough medical resources to deal with various malignant infectious diseases, so they developed an instinctive fear when facing the corpses of infected people or their own race.
Some scientists also believe that there may indeed have been some "humanoid" creatures that fed on humans in ancient times. The dissuasive effect of the upper layers of the food chain on the lower levels of the food chain makes human fear thoroughly engraved in the genes.
Is fear really inherited? It is often said that "newborn calves are not afraid of tigers", and babies seem to have a "threat perception system" for the world.
Just as children always love a wide variety of dolls, some will even react to the child's movements. Their eyeballs can move, their mouths can open and close, but babies are not afraid at all. Instead, parents dream that they are afraid to fall asleep next to a doll in their children's room in the middle of the night.
Therefore, some researchers believe that the uncanny valley effect is based on human cognition.
When people have cognitive impairment associated with an object, the brain becomes anxious due to "cognitive uncertainty." In other words, this "strange" situation makes the brain feel strange and panicked.
For example, when we first came across the concept of a robot, our understanding of the machine and its icy metal structure and stiff reaction system was taken for granted. Here, machines possess human skin and human form, causing panic.
The brain tells us that this is "irrational" and "should not exist." But this idea can also explain some other interesting situations.
For example, newborn babies show maturity that is not appropriate for their age. Sometimes the eyes of these little cuties are not only confused, but also their dark eyes are looking around. They seem to appreciate how this new world differs from the original.
Some people are afraid of the baby's eyes
Another example is an old cow that has been raised for many years, on the night of the slaughter, kneeling and crying, begging the owner to spare him.
These incongruous human colors have a uncanny valley effect on people.
People always use the word "human nature" to apply human emotions to animals that are not originally their own. In people's perception, this is a manifestation of domestication.
But when animals not only have human emotions, but also act humanely, things inevitably become a little strange. For example, the big black dog that has been kept at home for many years stands by the window in the middle of the night, and the weasel in the deep mountains worships the moon.
To this day, people do not fully understand where the "uncanny valley effect" comes from, but they have learned to flexibly apply it to film and television works. And these film and television works also invisibly amplify the uncanny valley effect of human beings.
For example, the early 20th century science fiction film "I, Robot" groundbreaking the "robot awakening" and "robot resistance" in front of the audience, introducing a perspective into people's minds. When robots take over people's lives, are they really ready to succumb to others?
The technological revolution and robot rebellion have long been hot topics in the film and television industry.
In 2018, AAA's masterpiece "Detroit Becomes a Man" allowed countless players to experience the awakening of the "humanity" of bionic people from the perspective of bionic people, and understand the rebellion of bionic people; In 2022, the domestic sci-fi masterpiece "The Wandering Earth 2" has once again pushed the topic of "AI to rule the world" to a new height.
The film and television production and game industries have also pioneered the expansion of the "uncanny valley effect", beginning to move beyond the original field of robots and into other fields.
The horror movie "Dead Silence" uses a "puppet" device to make the audience's heart beat faster. Opening and closing his mouth, moving his eyes, and stiffening his joints make him repeatedly jump between "man" and "doll". Then the "Ghost Baby" and "Annabelle" series mostly follow this formula.
The NFL and its associated filmmakers advertised surreal "androids" this time, but they failed to grasp the level of realism, sparking panic and disgust.
The progress of the AI industry in recent years is obvious to all. People are beginning to believe that bionic robots will be officially launched sooner or later, and some people worry that the "robot revolution" will really happen. It is the result of a combination of people's innate fears and the context of the times.
Conclusion:
The "uncanny valley effect" has not been abandoned by genes, and human exploration of science and technology has not been stopped by the "uncanny valley effect". We have gradually adapted to the "AI assistant" in mobile phones and the robot sweeping to help with household chores. Maybe we can also adapt to "android people" in the future? Who knows what the future holds?
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