The address used to send packets is the address of the network layer, that is, the IP address. The IP address alone is not enough to send packets to the peer destination address, and the information to "indicate the router or host" during the data sending process is required to actually send to the destination address. What holds this information is the routing control table.
The routing control table is formed in two ways: manually by the administrator, or automatically refreshed when the router exchanges information with other routers. The former is also called static routing control, while the latter is called dynamic routing control.
The network address portion of the IP address is used for routing control. The routing control table records the network address and the address that should be sent to the router next.
When sending an IP packet, first determine the destination address in the header of the IP packet, and then find a record with the same network address as that address from the routing control table, and forward the IP packet to the appropriate next router according to that record. If there are multiple records with the same network address in the routing control table, select the network address that best matches.
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