1: I am Shaoming teacher, focusing on Chinese reading comprehension and grading;
2: 10,787 parents have been helped;
3: Students generally have high scores in reading comprehension, or even full scores;
Parents often encounter the same problem when their children do reading comprehension, that is, children do not perform well when answering short-answer questions, how to solve it?
Why do children of all ages fall into the same predicament? This hints at two problems:
First: language examinations in primary, junior high and high schools all focus on the same basic ability;
Second: Many children do not master core language competencies in primary school and even into high school.
So, what kind of basic ability does the short-answer question of modern reading examine? And how can this ability be cultivated? Most short-answer questions in modern reading require a basic skill, generalization and compression.
1. What is the essence of generalization and compression?
Reading a piece of text first requires extracting information, then integrating it, and finally outputting it in an organized manner. Answering the short-answer questions of modern reading is this information output process. If the output is inappropriate, the first task should be to return to the preliminary stage of reading and ensure that the information is extracted and integrated, rather than simply practicing the output technique.
The essence of generalization and compression
A: "Who": the object of the paragraph;
B: "What": Summarizes events in simple predicates and objects, usually without involving the outcome.
Did you ever encounter a sentence problem when you were a child? This type of question requires the simplification of complex sentences into concise sentences that contain only subject-verb-object or even subject-verb structure.
Similarly, paragraph generalization is also the process of distilling the main idea and basic information of the text.
Second, the embodiment of generalization and compression ability in each section of the examination
In primary school, teachers usually ask students to summarize the story content of a text, the main content of the text, or even directly ask students to write the core idea of the paragraph.
In junior high school, the way you ask questions may change, for example, asking "why do you say that" based on a sentence in a title or article. In essence, this is to examine whether the student understands the main content of each paragraph, summing up a sentence, that is, the reason.
Summary and summary questions are the basis of all question types, no matter how deformed and flexible, they are inseparable from our understanding and interpretation of the text.
Teacher Shaoming gave an example of a complex Chinese generalization problem, as long as you understand this, it is no longer a problem.
Summarize the content, the sentence is concise and smooth, no more than 50 words. (5 points)
Conventional wisdom holds that China's ceramic trade with Europe originated in the Ming Dynasty. Recently, Durham University in the United Kingdom and the Institute of Archaeology of the Palace Museum of China have studied more than a dozen fragments of Chinese ceramics from the Tang to the early Song Dynasties found in Zaragoza, Spain, indicating that these ceramics arrived in the Mediterranean region at that time with the trade of Arab merchants through the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. This will greatly advance the start of the Sino-European ceramic trade...
For this type of question, I think first of all, don't be too stuck in the problem-solving skills, but make sure you fully understand the material! Understand first, then understand! Understand what this text covers?
Now, let's use the six elements of narrative! Please note the following important information:
- Time: Ming Dynasty→ Tang Dynasty
- Location: China, Western Europe
- Characters: Durham University, Palace Museum, UK
- Cause: None
- By: Joint study of fragments of Tang and Song ceramics unearthed in Spain
- Result: Proof that the "Maritime Silk Road" extended to Western Europe as early as the Tang Dynasty
In addition to extracting key words, there is also the form of writing sentences, the principle is similar, and it will not be detailed. Practice is key, and it's important to practice a lot after reading the text.
How to deal with summary questions?
Step 1: Read through the material and understand the main idea
Step 2: Apply the six-element/five-"W" method
"Time, Place, Man, Cause, Scripture, Effect"
『When,Where,Who,Why,How』
Step 3: Integrate answers (keywords or sentences) according to the requirements of the question
Third, how to train generalization and compression ability?
In everyday language classes
Language teachers usually require students to divide the text, summarize the content of the paragraph, and summarize the topic of the article, which is the training of generalization and pressure ability.
In addition, we will also find that when doing the exercises in the workbook, there will be a news or story that requires students to succinctly summarize the main content in one sentence, which is also the cultivation of generalization and compression ability.
When children follow the teacher in the classroom to summarize the content of the paragraphs, the teacher generally has more relaxed requirements such as the number of words, and then gradually guides the children to gradually simplify the language. If children can think positively and answer questions actively in class, then in twelve years of language lessons, it is enough to develop excellent generalization skills.
Training in daily life at home
Parents can also cooperate with the school at home to strengthen the training of generalization and compression ability.
For example, when parents and children listen to the news together, they can ask the child to summarize who and what he said. Or when the child participates in a child's birthday party, let the child summarize who did what in each part of the party, and finally summarize what we did together today. These trivial things in daily life can be used as material for training generalization and compression ability.
The key to generalization and compression is to understand the text
As long as they understand who and what is written in a text, no matter how the test questions are asked, the child can deal with it correctly.
Therefore, children need to summarize and summarize the people and things they see and hear in daily life and language classes, and cultivate the habit of using concise and clear language. When it comes to the examination room, you can naturally do more with less.
If you lose a lot of points in Chinese reading comprehension, I will share with you the core cheats for improving reading comprehension!
Step 1: Focus on Chinese reading comprehension, focus on solving question types, and quickly obtain scores. Spend 70% of your time learning reading comprehension. Quickly establish a knowledge system, that is, 5 core 34 sets of professional terms!
Step 2: Do not mix different question types together, summarize and organize all reading comprehension question types, brush up the questions according to the question type, and only focus on specific question types. There are 8 major question types and 21 sub-question types
By thoroughly brushing the questions, you will find that the reading comprehension exercises that others see are all new questions, and the reading comprehension exercises you see are all old questions (all in the 821 question type).
Step 3: Take out our supporting more than 200 special exercises, finish a lesson, review the supporting exercises, one question type back, hundreds of questions behind it.
It must be remembered that the exam does not test the original questions, but the question type will be repeated repeatedly, and a question type is a new level, and the score will naturally improve slowly!