#影视我来评#
Like previous blockbusters, Christopher Nolan also activated the "line bombing mode" in "Oppenheimer", quickly switching scenes superimposed on dense lines of information crushing, which is likely to make you in the theater reach out and grab the mouse all the time, trying to press the pause button.
In order not to be so at a loss, it is necessary to understand some background knowledge before watching the movie. After reading the following, you can calmly focus on watching the movie.
Julius Robert Oppenheimer, Jewish-American physicist, leader of the Manhattan Project, and the "father of the atomic bomb" of mankind.
He can also put several labels on him: child prodigy, psychopath, top specialist, tragic genius.
Imagine if you held the scientific code that propels mankind by leaps and bounds, and at the same time a deadly weapon that kills hundreds of millions of people in an instant, whether to stick to compassion or let it go, what choice would you make?
Oppenheimer's tragedy came from this.
01. The troubles of genius growth
Oppenheimer was born into a wealthy Jewish family, his father who became rich in the textile business, and his mother a neurotic and artistic painter. This may have laid the foundation for his rational but sensitive and meticulous personality.
At the age of 7, he received an ore specimen from his grandfather, and immediately showed his passion and talent for research, which gave rise to the name "prodigy". He joined the New York Mineralogical Society at the age of 11 and published his first paper at the age of 12.
After that, the top student started the open-hang mode, and graduated from high school with straight honors in all ten subjects. He then studied at Harvard University, Cambridge University, and Göttingen (the birthplace of quantum mechanics).
Corresponding to beautiful grades, first of all, is a weak and sickly body. In middle school, he suffered from colitis caused by dysentery, and he spent several months recuperating in a mountain hot spring, and his body has been thin and weak since then.
At the same time, he has a unique and sensitive personality, is not familiar with the world, and does not have harmonious interpersonal relationships.
Already a maverick during college, with no girlfriend or even few friends; At Cambridge, an apple was injected with poison in an attempt to poison the mentor (emulating Turing?). ), who has been diagnosed to be on the verge of schizophrenia; Talking to his high school classmate and Harvard alumnus Ferguson, he suddenly bursts into a rage to strangle Ferguson and drive away one of his few old friends.
This experience may seem dramatic, but it is also a temporary pathology of a sullen youth, lonely, depressed, empty of knowledge and unrecognized. Until Oppenheimer's thesis in Göttingen was recognized, he received his doctorate, and the whole person became confident, and those symptoms quietly disappeared.
In 1927, Oppenheimer returned to the United States to teach at the California Institute of Technology and the University of California, Berkeley, and he began his own happy time immersing himself in learning.
Wandering freely in the fields of quantum mechanics and physics, enjoying recognition and admiration in professional fields, leading students to immerse themselves in the laboratory to study academics, not worrying about livelihoods, not caring about stocks and politics, and even the Great Depression is coming. This tranquility is a great reward for a scientist.
Happy times are always short-lived, and soon after, Oppenheimer meets love and is immediately swept up in bigger storms.
02. Emotional twists and turns and career development
In 1936, Oppenheimer fell in love with Jean Tatlock, a student studying neurology, and this member of the American Communist Party led Oppenheimer to actively participate in social activities and be active in various occasions.
This experience brought Oppenheimer Schawarlier, a "die-hard fan" of Oppenheimer who became an extremely important close friend for the rest of his life.
The real marriage with Oppenheimer was his wife Kitty, also a member of the American Communist Party, and they gave birth to a son and a daughter. The identity of his wife became an important factor that later troubled Oppenheimer.
Oppenheimer's death left Oppenheimer with a huge $200,000 inheritance, and he no longer had to worry about family expenses. You just need to dedicate yourself to academic research. At the age of 35, he did not make important achievements that would affect the world, but he had already gained a reputation and expectations that far exceeded his scientific achievements.
There was the threat of war from Hitler in Germany, and then there was the Cold War standoff in the Soviet Union. In the spring of 1941, when British scientists proved the possibility of an atomic bomb, the U.S. government began to sit still.
In the fall of that year, Oppenheimer was invited to attend the first secret meeting on the atomic bomb, and then stepped into the core of the research. The "Manhattan Project" was officially launched, and the main person named Groves, who used to be the leader in the construction of the Pentagon, is now a burly man who has officially become Oppenheimer's working partner.
The two complement each other in appearance and personality, and Groves' powerful abilities have always protected Oppenheimer's sensitive and fragile scientific passion. The Manhattan Project continued to advance, and on July 16, 1945, the first atomic bomb was successfully tested in New Mexico, and Oppenheimer successfully completed the most outstanding contribution of his research career.
Another clue parallel to the research process is the FBI's surveillance and investigation of Oppenheimer from beginning to end, from secretly investigating those close to him, to eavesdropping and monitoring his whereabouts at any time. Oppenheimer endured all this, he just wanted to be a simple scientist, he just wanted to bring the impetus for mankind with scientific and technological development.
How could the mortal world be as simple and beautiful as he imagined?
On August 6 and 9 of the same year, two atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. The rapid end of World War II caused all mankind to fall into shock, the victims were even more tragic, with countless deaths and injuries, and the radiation of nuclear bombs made the survivors suffer and mutilate, and life was worse than death.
Oppenheimer also witnessed these tragic situations, and he fell into remorse and entanglement, and he began to reflect on his work task, feeling "panicked" about it. He first resigned from the laboratory, then had a feud with President Truman, and finally resigned from all of his duties.
Scientists and politicians will never understand each other, and the FBI will not give up its investigation and control of Oppenheimer.
The next thing has nothing to do with science, with Oppenheimer, it's all about politics.
03. Scientists and politicians
There is a relatively accurate metaphor, Oppenheimer is like a child holding a vase, but under the arrangement of fate, he walked into the endless traffic, standing in the middle of the road, watching the vase fall to the ground and be crushed into pieces, he was extremely frustrated, but unable to do anything.
Oppenheimer, who was involved in politics, was the innocent child.
He devoted himself to nuclear energy, driven entirely by his love of quantum physics; He is ignorant of the world, even deaf to the economic crisis of his own country, and will not be interested in understanding the game between major powers; When the atomic bomb was used in war, causing countless human deaths and injuries, Oppenheimer was deeply frustrated, but unable to stop it.
Because of his two lovers, the FBI never gave up its investigation of him. His subsequent resistance to the use of atomic bombs, the study of hydrogen bombs, and his distance from Truman made the FBI suspicious of his pro-communist tendencies and always trying to find evidence to convict him.
The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II intensified the persecution of Oppenheimer. This experience, known as the "hunting operation of the McCarthy era", simple scientists are faced with the white terror that follows him, the gloomy and desperate state of mind, no one can empathize with Oppenheimer.
But in the eyes of politicians, Oppenheimer's research proves America's technological leadership; The "little boy" that exploded over Hiroshima and Nagasaki demonstrated the strong military position and absolute hegemony of the United States. The atomic bomb quickly ended World War II, and it showed the clear and efficient nuclear threat, which is so in line with the spirit of the United States, we must continue to advance rapidly, nuclear weapons and hydrogen bombs are powerful tools to add glory to global military hegemony.
As for Oppenheimer's pathos, chagrin and hesitation, it is nothing more than the indecision of scientists.
In 1954, after numerous censorship inquiries and hearings, Eisenhower announced the official White House decision to "charge him with his early leftist activities and delay the government's strategic decision to develop a hydrogen bomb, and even suspect him of being an agent of the Soviet Union" to continue the security review of Oppenheimer, and his special security permit was revoked.
In February 1967, Oppenheimer's throat cancer worsened rapidly and his life was halted at the age of 62.
The scientist has finally escaped the shadow of politics, and he no longer has to worry about censorship and eavesdropping, the new international pattern brought about by nuclear weapons, the checks and balances and games between major powers, and the wider spread and luminous of quantum physics.
It is also a good thing that he cannot see is clean.