IoT operating systems are software platforms that run on connected devices, enabling them to communicate, process, and store data. IoT operating systems differ from traditional operating systems in that they are designed to be lightweight, scalable, secure, and compatible with a wide range of hardware and protocols.
1.Amazon FreeRTOS
Amazon FreeRTOS is an open-source operating system for microcontrollers that makes it easy to program, deploy, secure, connect, and manage small, low-power edge devices. Amazon FreeRTOS is based on the popular FreeRTOS kernel and is extended with libraries for cloud connectivity, over-the-air updates, device configurations, and more. Amazon FreeRTOS integrates with AWS IoT Core, a managed cloud service that lets you connect and manage IoT devices at scale.
2.Tizen
Tizen is an open-source Linux-based operating system that supports a variety of devices such as smartphones, smart TVs, wearables, smart appliances, and automotive systems. Tizen offers rich features and services, such as web and native application development frameworks, security modules, device management tools, and cloud integration. The Tizen Association is a coalition of industry leaders such as Samsung, Intel, Huawei, and LG that support Tizen.
3.Windows 10 IoT
Windows 10 IoT is a family of operating systems optimized for building intelligent edge devices and solutions. Windows 10 IoT comes in two editions: Windows 10 IoT Core and Windows 10 IoT Enterprise. Windows 10 IoT Core is the smallest version of Windows 10 and runs on low-cost devices with limited resources, such as the Raspberry Pi. Windows 10 IoT Enterprise is the full version of Windows 10 that runs on more powerful devices with advanced features, such as industrial PCs and kiosks.
4.TinyOS
TinyOS is an open-source system for low-power wireless devices such as sensors, actuators, and radios. TinyOS is written in a C dialect called nesC, which supports component-based programming and concurrency. TinyOS provides a modular architecture that allows developers to customize and optimize their applications for specific hardware platforms and network protocols. TinyOS is widely used in academic research and industry projects related to wireless sensor networks, ubiquitous computing, and cyber-physical systems.
5. Android Things
Android Things is an operating system for building smart devices powered by Google services and technology. Android Things is based on the Android framework and supports the same development tools and libraries as Android. Android Things simplifies the development of IoT applications by providing APIs for common tasks such as connectivity, authentication, cloud synchronization, voice interaction, and machine learning. Android Things also supports Google Play Services and Google Cloud Platform, which integrates seamlessly with the Google ecosystem.
6. RIOT
RIOT is an IoT open-source operating system designed to be developer-friendly, resource-efficient, and IoT-optimized. RIOT SUPPORTS A WIDE RANGE OF LOW-END TO HIGH-END DEVICES AND PROVIDES STANDARD APIS FOR C or C++ PROGRAMMING. RIOT OFFERS REAL-TIME CAPABILITIES, MULTITHREADING, MODULARITY, NETWORK STACK ABSTRACTION, AND HARDWARE ABSTRACTION. RIOT also supports communication protocols such as CoAP, MQTT-SN, 6LoWPAN, IPv6, RPL, TCP, UDP and more.
7. Zephyr
Zephyr is an open-source operating system for resource-constrained devices that require security and connectivity. Zephyr is based on a microkernel design that enables modularity and scalability. Zephyr supports multiple architectures and boards, and provides a unified development environment with tools such as CMake, Ninja, QEMU, GDB, and more. Zephyr also supports communication protocols such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), IEEE 802.15.4, Thread, CAN, OpenThread, and more.
8.Contiki
Contiki is an open source operating system for networked embedded systems focused on low-power wireless communications. Contiki supports a variety of hardware platforms and offers a flexible programming model with optional dynamic loading and unloading code modules. Contiki also provides IPv6 support, RPL routing, CoAP application layer protocol, and more. Contiki is widely used in research and education related to IoT and wireless sensor networks.
9.Mbed OS
Mbed OS is an open-source operating system for ARM Cortex-M microcontrollers that enables rapid development of secure, connected IoT devices. Mbed OS provides a full-stack solution that includes drivers, libraries, networking stacks, security modules, and cloud services. Mbed OS also supports communication protocols such as BLE, LoRaWAN, Cellular, NFC, and more. Mbed OS integrates with Mbed Cloud, a device management platform that lets you remotely configure, update, and monitor IoT devices.
10.Ubuntu Core
Ubuntu Core is the smallest version of Ubuntu, designed for IoT devices and cloud containers. Ubuntu Core is based on snap packages, security, isolation, and transactional software units that can be automatically updated and rolled back. Ubuntu Core also supports various cloud and edge computing platforms, such as AWS IoT Greengrass, Azure IoT Edge, and Google Cloud IoT Core. Ubuntu Core is compatible with the Ubuntu ecosystem and provides access to thousands of Snap applications.