Hainan Dongzhai port national mangrove forest reserve is the first established in China to protect the mangrove wetland ecosystem as the main goal of the nature reserve, according to the latest data of the reserve management bureau, the total area of the reserve is 5240 hectares, of which the mangrove area is 2002 hectares, the area has 19 families of mangrove plants and 35 species, accounting for 97% of the national mangrove plant species. The picture shows the aerial view of the mangrove forest of Dongzhai Port. Xinhua News Agency Feng Erhui photo
On March 28, 2014, the Standing Committee of the Haikou Municipal People's Congress unanimously passed the Decision on Strengthening the Protection and Management of Mangrove Wetlands in Dongzhai Port, and decided to increase the overall protection and control of mangrove wetlands in Dongzhai Port from more than 50,000 mu to more than 120,000 mu. Among them, the 9466 mu of tidal flat aquaculture area newly transferred to Haikou management will be retired to forest and planned to be built as a Sanjiang Mangrove Wetland Park. As a result, it will become the largest area of mangrove wetland in China.
The well-known Mangrove Forest of Dongzhai Port in Hainan Province can be lush all year round, the key is whether the mangrove protection is supported by the villagers, the key is to maintain the balance between protection and development, and the key is whether the villagers can continuously improve their living standards under the premise of protecting the mangroves and achieve a well-off life. And all this, it is necessary to change the situation of relying on mountains to eat mountains and "relying on mangroves to eat mangroves", building fields around the sea, digging ponds to raise fish, and so on, which destroyed ecological mangroves.
Yanfeng Town, known as "Douteng City" in ancient times, is a famous old revolutionary area and overseas Chinese township in Hainan, one of the top ten cultural towns in Hainan and an advanced unit in the work of creating a civilized ecological village in the country, with a civilization ecological village creation rate of 100%. The jurisdiction area has rich natural resources such as 28 kilometers of coastline, the national Dongzhai port mangrove forest nature reserve and the rare seismic landscape "undersea village", and has a large number of rich historical and cultural resources such as Zhuanglin Temple, Chen Family Courtyard and Dragon King Palace. Walking into Yanfeng is like walking into an ecological paradise where blue and green are blended.
More than 400 years ago, a rare earthquake in Qiongbei once visited Yanfeng, leaving the only earthquake land subsidence site in China———— "underwater village" in this area. At midnight on July 13, 1605, a major earthquake struck northern Qiongzhou. According to expert research, this major earthquake is the largest earthquake in the history of Hainan, the heavy earthquake area is Qiongshan, Chengmai, Lingao, Wenchang four places, the land subsidence into the sea ruins distribution of more than 100 square kilometers. According to the genealogy of the local people, a total of 72 villages were sunk in the earthquake.
Yanfeng was also affected by the earthquake, and dongzhai port was born. After the earthquake, the Yanfeng people who relied on Dongzhai Port and the South China Sea to make a living were also deeply branded with "sea" in their living customs. Luwei Village, a village rebuilt from the ruins after the Qiongbei earthquake, has the title of "the first village of Mazu culture", and the Zhuanglin Temple in the village is dedicated to the goddess of the sea, "Mazu". The earthquake more than 400 years ago severely damaged Yanfeng, bringing unprecedented disasters to the local people, but at the same time, it also provided generous compensation to the people who survived the disaster - Dongzhai Port, wetlands, mangroves.
Since mangroves are one of the few ecosystems with diversified species in the world so far, biological resources are very rich, and it can also effectively resist and reduce the harm of natural disasters to the embankment, therefore, in January 1980, dongzhai port mangrove nature reserve was approved by the people's government of Guangdong Province to establish, which is the first mangrove forest reserve in China. Today, with the government's implementation of mangrove ecological restoration projects and the pace of moderate tourism development, this protected area has brought earth-shaking changes to the lives of Yanfeng people.
Since its opening, Haikou Mangrove Rural Tourism Zone has quickly won the favor of tourists and travel merchants with its unique ecological landscape and rich rural style, and has quickly entered the ranks of "10,000 scenic spots", and has also brought about the tourism economy of Yanfeng.
Wang Kangzhao said that the overall planning of urban and rural areas has enabled the collective economy of each village to develop by leaps and bounds, and the income of peasants has also diversified: First, the equity income of the collective economy, second, the rental income from the circulation of land contract management rights, third, the wage income of industrial workers in the nearest enterprise, fourth, the income from family farming, and fifth, the operating income from operating farms and family hotels.
Haikou Dongzhai Port Mangrove Forest Tourist Area attracts tourists to flock to haikou
23 billion yuan to build a mangrove wetland park town
The Mangrove Wetland Park Town Project is located in Yanfeng Town, Meilan District, Haikou City, with a total area of 33.9 square kilometers, of which the core area is 8.4 square kilometers, the buffer zone area is 7.5 square kilometers, and the land area is 11.4 square kilometers, and the sea area is 6.6 square kilometers. The area of Beigang Island, an independent island in the north of the project site, is about 2,000 mu, and it is about 1,000 meters away from the coastline of the project site. The total planned land area: 52687.2 acres, the planned building covers an area of 9206.85 acres. The total investment of the project is about 23 billion yuan.
At present, there are 37 species of water birds observed and recorded in Dongzhai Port Nature Reserve, accounting for 66% of the total survey bird records, of which egrets, pond herons, night herons, green-winged ducks, Mongolian sandplants, iron-billed sandplings, blue-footed sandpipers, red-footed sandpipers, etc. migrate in groups during the migration season, becoming the dominant species in the waters. Throughout the year, there are more species of waterbirds in winter and fewer in summer. Among the birds of the heron family, common birds such as herons, great egrets, and small egrets in winter, and pond herons, cattleback herons, and green herons are common in Xiahou.
According to the data of Dongzhai Port Conservation Area, there are 103 species of fish, mainly including snapper, mullet, Chinese Wutang eel (earth fish), Chinese bean tooth eel (earth dragon) and sea bass. Crabs mainly include saw-edged blue crabs, swamp tide crabs and phase-hand crabs, etc.; shrimp mainly include penaeus tabula, mouth shrimp and distinct drum shrimp.
At present, 115 species of molluscs have been investigated and recorded, mainly including Lai Cai snail, purple swimming snail, spotted rib snail, black mouth coast snail, rough coast snail, mangrove clam, stick cone snail, tumor back stone sulphur, hair cockle, mud cockle, sea moon, Omi oyster, monk hat oyster, reunion oyster, fat purple clam, tassel, long bamboo clam, wen clam, red meat river blue clam and beaded crab snail.
The charisma of scientific research attracts attention
Xin Kun is a professor at the School of Life Sciences of Hainan Normal University, and several research projects are currently being carried out in Dongzhai Port. "After I graduated from Hainan with my Ph.D., I began to deal with Dongzhai Port." Professor Xin Kun said that since 2001, many of her research projects have been related to the mangrove forest of Dongzhai Port, which still has a huge scientific research attraction for Xin Kun. In December last year, Xin Kun's team completed the "Soil Background Survey Report of Hainan Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve", which provides a scientific basis for long-term analysis and dialectical treatment of soil conditions in the reserve.
The Qiongbei Earthquake Site in Dongzhai Port is the only earthquake land subsidence site in China.
Wang Wenqing, a professor at Xiamen University's School of Environment and Ecology, who has also been immersed in mangrove wetland research for many years, said that although it is difficult to rank the importance of different nature reserves, Dongzhai Port is "indeed one of the few important mangrove wetland reserves in China."
http://www.hq.xinhuanet.com/travel/2014-04/21/c_1110325521.htm
http://www.hi.chinanews.com/hnnew/2015-08-23/393697.html
http://news.qq.com/a/20120815/000928.htm