#头条文章养成计划#
For a long time, the problem of the aging population and the declining birthrate of the mainland is not only a problem we are facing now, but also a problem that many countries have been troubled for a long time. From the implementation of the "two-child policy" to the "three-child policy", although we have repeatedly relaxed the birth policy, the results have not been as we wished, and the fertility rate still cannot be raised.
In the face of this difficult problem, we must first understand that the fertility issue is not a simple policy issue, but a comprehensive issue involving social, economic, cultural, educational and other fields.
In order to solve this problem, we have also been taking comprehensive measures from multiple angles, such as regulating the real estate market and reducing housing prices, encouraging policies for marriage and childbirth, etc., which have led to an increase in fertility to a certain extent.
For solving the problem of the decline in the mainland's population, some people have now proposed a new plan: you can consider letting public officials and state-owned enterprise employees give priority to the implementation of the comprehensive three-child policy!
01 The current situation of continuous decline in the fertility rate in the mainland
According to the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2019, 18% of China's population aged 60 and over was expected to rise to more than 35% by 2050. At the same time, China's birth rate is also declining, and the mainland's total fertility rate has been below the warning line of 1.5 for 12 consecutive years.
In 2021, for example, the number of women of childbearing age in the mainland fell by nearly half compared with the same period 20 years ago, and the total population of the country reached 1.41 billion in 2022, a decrease of 0.2% over the previous year.
At the same time, the number of births in the whole year was only 10.62 million, a decrease of 14.2% over the previous year. More importantly, the annual number of births was only 9.56 million, falling below the 10 million mark for the first time. This data shows that the continent's fertility rate is already at a historically low level and needs to be actively taken to deal with it.
The demographic impact of declining fertility is clear. The continent's total fertility rate (TFR) has slipped to 1.3, well below the 2.1 level used to maintain the population balance. This has led to an aging population, a decline in the proportion of children and an imbalance in the demographic structure.
Second, declining fertility rates have had an impact on the economy. On the one hand, low fertility has led to a tight labor market, making labor supply and demand imbalanced and wages rising. On the other hand, low fertility rates also affect the consumer market, and due to the shrinking size of households, the propensity of households to consume may be more inclined to services and non-material goods.
02 Reasons for population decline
The reasons for the decline in fertility are manifold, first of all, the increase in women's employment rate and the continuous progress in education have changed their perception of fertility and occupation. More and more women are realizing that childbearing is not just a family responsibility, but a life choice that can be made in parallel with career development.
As women become more educated, they have a more rational understanding of the balance between fertility and occupation, so their decision-making on fertility is more rational, and their willingness to have children is correspondingly reduced.
Secondly, under the influence of the epidemic in the past three years, many people's work and income have become unstable, and their lives are under increasing pressure. In particular, many young people do not have excessive savings, they are beginning to realize that life is not easy, and they need to bear more financial burdens.
At the same time, the continued high housing prices and prices have further increased the pressure on young people's lives. In this case, they are more willing to devote more energy and financial resources to their careers and lives, and the marriage rate and fertility rate will naturally decrease. In the face of the declining fertility rate, we need to find solutions from multiple angles.
03 National responses
In response to the continuous decline in the fertility rate, the mainland has adopted a series of measures, including special subsidies for the second and third children, reducing housing prices, and improving welfare benefits.
First of all, special subsidies are a very effective incentive. The mainland's economic support for families who give birth can reduce the economic burden of families and increase their willingness to have children. According to reports, the implementation of special subsidies is very effective, and many families choose to have second and third children, because this can bring them tangible benefits.
At the same time, it also provides support for children's education, medical care, insurance and other aspects, which can ensure the healthy growth of children and improve the family's willingness to have children.
Secondly, reducing housing prices is also an important measure. High housing prices are one of the important reasons for the decline in fertility. In recent years, the mainland has been regulating the real estate market to keep house prices in a state of steady decline, so as to reduce the burden of family purchase and improve the family's willingness to have children.
In addition, the mainland has encouraged developers to introduce housing more suitable for young people, which can also promote fertility rates. At the same time, the mainland is also continuously implementing measures such as improving people's welfare, reducing working hours, and guaranteeing vacations. These measures can increase employees' job satisfaction and happiness, as well as families' willingness to have children.
04 In the full implementation of the three-child policy, public employees and employees of state-owned enterprises are key groups
With the implementation of the mainland's comprehensive three-child policy, some people say that mainland public officials and state-owned enterprise employees are the key groups for the full implementation of this policy. If policies can be adopted to encourage these public officials and state-owned enterprise workers to have children, it is likely to have a positive impact on the birth rate.
First, public officials and employees of state-owned enterprises usually have relatively high levels of education and stable sources of income. This means they have more financial means to bear the cost of childcare, including buying a home and paying for their children's education. At the same time, these groups generally have better health care and social benefits, which makes them more comfortable and secure in raising children.
Second, public officials and state-owned enterprise workers work less stressfully, and they usually have more time and energy to take care of their families and children. This allows them to better balance work and family life and thus better meet the needs of family members. At the same time, they also have more opportunities to participate in social activities, which helps to expand their social circle and promote interaction and communication between family members.
In addition, public officials and employees of state-owned enterprises generally have better social status and reputation. This gives them a higher level of acceptance and respect in society, which also helps to increase their willingness to have children. Therefore, starting from public officials and employees of state-owned enterprises, the full implementation of three children is of great benefit to the birth rate.
However, although public officials and employees of state-owned enterprises are the key groups for the full implementation of the three-child policy, the effectiveness of the three-child policy is also inseparable from the issue of economic development, which requires us to create a good fertility environment.
For example, expanding the scale of public kindergartens, and even considering making public early childhood education compulsory education, which can not only reduce the cost of education for families, but also reduce the burden on parents and make them more willing to have children.
Second, the national and local governments can reduce the financial pressure on families by increasing subsidies for infant and toddler supplies and reducing children's medical costs, making it easier for them to bear the cost of having and raising children.
Written at the end:
In short, in order to fully implement the three-child policy, we can consider starting from public employees and state-owned enterprise employees, giving priority to the realization of comprehensive three-child policy, but at the same time, we must also strive to create a good reproductive environment to reduce everyone's burden, only through the implementation of the above series of measures, we can effectively solve the challenges faced by the three-child policy and achieve the goal of fully implementing the three-child policy.
The issue of an aging Chinese population and a declining birthrate has always been a complex issue that requires the joint efforts of society, enterprises and individuals. Only by working together can we solve this problem and make China's population healthier. Do you agree with this? Agree to like!