Recently, the college entrance examination results have been announced one after another, and the Japanese subject volunteer application is about to open on July 6, and it is difficult to choose from many tea professional colleges? Take three minutes to read this article.
A few days ago, the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China announced the second batch of national-level first-class undergraduate course recognition results, and tea-related courses such as "Chinese Tea World Journey", "Chinese Tea Culture and Tea Health", "Tea Sensory Evaluation" and "Tea Evaluation and Inspection" were selected. Up to now, 7 tea-related courses have been selected as national first-class undergraduate courses.
△ "Say tea" cartography
The high-quality development of the tea industry, the in-depth popularization of tea cultural knowledge, and the increasing demand for talents in the tea industry have spawned many famous teachers and wonderful courses to help the cultivation of tea industry talents. Nowadays, more than 80 colleges and universities in China have opened tea science related majors (hereinafter referred to as: tea majors), and "Say Tea" has previously inventoried the colleges and universities that opened tea majors (directions) in the country in 2021 (click to jump) to provide reference for the industry.
So, when did the tea industry spread to colleges and universities across the country? How is the tea science major different from the present?
△During the practical training of tea students of Guangxi Vocational and Technical College
Discover the Tea Major
The "Way of Butterfly Transformation" from the depths of history
Tea Science is a major with characteristics and advantages in mainland China, which is an interdisciplinary discipline that takes tea as the research object, is based on biology, and includes science and engineering, economics and social sciences (humanities). The combination of arts and science is the biggest feature of tea science. The training of tea professionals continues to lead the high-quality development of the mainland tea industry.
△During the teaching period of the Tea College of Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University
Looking back at the history of the development of "tea science", as early as 1899, Hubei Province officially opened an agricultural school and set up a "tea business" course, which is a record of the establishment of tea industry courses in modern Chinese history. In 1910, Guanxian County, Sichuan Province opened the Provincial Tea Workshop, which was later changed to the Provincial Higher Tea School, with a duration of 3 years. This is the earliest tea school established in the mainland.
The establishment of tea higher education was marked by the establishment of the tea group (undergraduate) and the two-year tea specialty department in Fudan University from the winter of 1939 to the beginning of 1940, which was the first tea professional department independently set up in colleges and universities in the mainland. Subsequently, Zhejiang University, Anhui Agricultural University, Hunan Agricultural University and other colleges and universities have opened tea-related courses and tea majors, and the goal of cultivating tea talents has gradually formed.
△Wang Yuefei, director of the Tea Research Institute of Zhejiang University, "Chinese Tea Talent Cultivation, Inheritance and Innovation" PPT content
After the rapid popularization of tea science, it also faced some urgent problems in the process of development. For example, in the early years, the training plan of the tea science major was biased towards theoretical learning, lack of practical training, compared with the tea science major, it was difficult to master the "core" of the course by theoretical learning alone, just like tea art, in addition to the basic theory, it was also necessary to teach according to aptitude, practice tea art skills for a long time, and participate in live performances to accumulate experience.
△Image source: Tuworm
In addition, the relatively weak faculty, the imperfect curriculum system, and the shortage of education funds in tea science also showed that the cultivation of tea talents at that time needed to make substantial progress and various difficulties to be overcome.
With the development of the times, people's material and cultural needs have gradually increased, and the education level of tea majors has been thriving, which can be seen from the major colleges and universities that offer tea majors at present.
△Image source: Wang Yuefei, member of the discipline review team of the State Council, leader of the tea discipline of Zhejiang University, and director of the Tea Research Institute of Zhejiang University, PPT content
"Talking Tea" learned from Wang Yuefei, member of the discipline review team of the State Council, leader of the tea discipline of Zhejiang University and director of the Tea Research Institute of Zhejiang University, that the tea science major of Zhejiang University has developed a systematic and comprehensive undergraduate curriculum system with strong application.
Strong foundation, heavy crossing. Focusing on the basic courses, spanning the first, second and third industries, covering the learning of tea sources, tea processing, sightseeing tea tourism, tea house industry and other modules. Based on China, expand international teaching and practice. In order to cultivate high-quality leaders with global competitiveness, the tea major of Zhejiang University has developed joint training in overseas universities; Encourage undergraduate students to "go out" and achieve full coverage of overseas exchanges; Introduce famous overseas teachers and carry out international teaching.
Guo Guiyi, Dean of the Tea College of Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Secretary of the Party General Branch and Second-level Professor, said that the Tea College of Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry College is based on the OBE education concept, focusing on promoting the reform of talent training mode and education and teaching methods, and the curriculum system highlights the characteristics of the development of the whole industry chain of tea science. From tea cultivation, tea processing and inspection in the primary industry, to mechanized production, commodity design and packaging in the secondary industry, to tea marketing in the tertiary industry (including big data, e-commerce), tea art services, product planning, cultural promotion and enterprise management, etc., the whole industry chain education system of tea science has been formed. Strengthen the training of skills such as tea processing, sensory evaluation, tea art, modern blended tea, new media marketing, etc., and also organize and carry out tea art competitions inside and outside the school, tea roasting competitions, tea evaluation skills competitions, new media marketing competitions, etc., "promoting learning by competition, teaching by competition, innovation by competition, research by competition, management by competition, and service by competition" to improve the comprehensive education effect.
Wu Xianhui, Dean of the Tea School of Ningde Vocational and Technical College, said that in terms of talent training, from the "integration of construction and education" implemented by President Zhang Tianfu more than 80 years ago to the "integration of industry and education" today, the tea science major of Ningde Vocational and Technical College has always paid attention to the docking of practical teaching and tea industry post capabilities, forming a talent training model of "school-enterprise cooperation, engineering-learning alternation, integration of course certificates, and progressive progress step by round", and improving the quality of talent training through project teaching, practical exercises, production applications and other ways and methods.
△Tea Quality Inspection Center of Ningde Vocational and Technical College Image source: Ningde Vocational and Technical College
Chen Enhai, dean of the College of Agricultural Engineering and the College of Tea of Guangxi Vocational and Technical College, vice president of the Guangxi Tea Society, vice president and secretary general of the Guangxi Tea Culture Research Association, said that there are two models for cultivating talents in the direction of tea science: the modern apprenticeship talent training model of professional implementation of "one apprentice, multiple teachers, rotation training"; Professionally build a "middle and high vocational" bridging talent training model and carry out "middle and high school" integrated talent training.
At present, more and more colleges and universities are constantly improving and enriching tea-related courses, realizing comprehensive education, opening diversified school-running models, and broadening talent exchange space, so as to cultivate high-quality and competitive tea talents, which to a certain extent reflects the importance that colleges and universities attach to tea science and tea talent training.
△Guangxi Tea Museum in Guangxi Vocational and Technical College Image source: Guangxi Vocational and Technical College
Data speaks
Look at the decade of change in the tea major
The changes in tea majors have triggered the establishment and deployment of colleges and universities across the country. "Talking Tea" will take stock of undergraduate colleges and universities that opened tea majors in 2014 and 2023, and analyze the number of colleges and universities and the geographical distribution of colleges and universities in the past decade.
Let's take a look at the undergraduate colleges majoring in tea science that opened nationwide in 2014.
△ "Say tea" cartography
In 2014, there were 21 undergraduate colleges and universities offering tea majors in the country, and in terms of geographical distribution, the number of tea professional colleges in Zhejiang Province prevailed, followed by Fujian Province, Shandong Province, Henan Province and other places. In the table, Zhejiang A&F University, Anhui Agricultural University, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Southwest University, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Yunnan Agricultural University offer additional majors related to tea culture, tea trade, tea art and tea ceremony on the basis of tea science majors.
Let's take a look at the undergraduate colleges of tea science that will be opened nationwide in 2023.
△ "Say tea" cartography
It is known from the above table that in 2023, there will be 34 undergraduate colleges and universities offering tea majors in the country, Yunnan Province, Zhejiang Province, Fujian Province, Henan Province, Hubei Province, and Guizhou Province have the largest number of undergraduate colleges offering tea majors, followed by Jiangsu Province, Shandong Province and other places, and they are distributed in different cities in their respective provinces, with balanced development, which to a certain extent reflects the scale of local tea education.
For example, Zhejiang University, Huazhong Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, South China Agricultural University and other institutions will receive more support from the state, provinces and cities in the future development, and have the upper hand in terms of educational resources. In addition, in recent years, there have been 7 national first-class undergraduate tea professional construction points, namely Zhejiang University, Anhui Agricultural University, Hunan Agricultural University, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Yunnan Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University and South China Agricultural University.
In terms of majors, the professional names of most colleges and universities are named after "tea science", and only 4 colleges specifically present the main direction of attack - tea culture, which may be defined as the specific subdivision and classification of each institution in the direction of tea talent training. The extended majors related to "tea culture" in the table cultivate professionals in cultural industry management and research with tea culture as their advantage, focusing on "tea culture".
△Image source: Internet
Based on the undergraduate colleges and universities that opened tea majors in 2014 and 2023, in terms of professional settings, undergraduate colleges in 2023 will still be mainly "tea science", and basically do not open majors based on tea art and tea ceremony, but the possibility of higher vocational colleges and other institutions running schools is not ruled out here. So, will tea art and tea ceremony majors "cool" in undergraduate colleges? It remains to be seen.
Let's take a look at the popularity of tea majors in undergraduate colleges and universities in the past ten years. Compared with the number of tea majors established by undergraduate colleges in 2014 and 2023, it is on the rise, among which the number of tea colleges opened in Zhejiang Province, Fujian Province and other places is the highest in 2014 or 2023.
To some extent, these undergraduate colleges and universities offering tea majors are all provinces with strong scale of tea industry, outstanding industrial advantages, deep tea culture, and comprehensive conditions for tea industry among the best in the country. For example, the "100 billion tea industry" team, colleges and universities in Fujian Province, Yunnan Province, Hunan Province and Sichuan Province have opened tea majors, and the number of colleges and universities is considerable; Zhejiang Province, as the "traditional Chinese tea-making technique and its related customs", has the value of the province that is difficult to measure... These are enough to show that the mainland tea industry is growing stronger and stronger, which is an important support for cultivating tea talents and provides a steady stream of industrial resources for tea education.
The ten-year butterfly change of the tea science major may also be seen in the application of the "Natural Science Foundation Project". Wu Xianhui, dean of the Tea School of Ningde Vocational and Technical College, mentioned that in the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project Guide before 2019, the application for fund projects in the field of tea science was only established under the "tea cultivation" code established under the sub-directory of forestry economics and forestry students, and other research such as tea food and tea function was often declared in the classification of medicine, pharmacy, food science and so on. In 2019, "Tea Science" was officially classified as "Horticulture and Plant Nutrition", and obtained the fund application code "C1504", becoming one of the secondary disciplines under horticulture, and established three level codes: tea plant physiological ecology and cultivation, tea germplasm resources and genetic breeding, tea processing and quality. The establishment and standardization of the name will contribute to the successful application of the Natural Science Foundation project, thereby promoting the basic research and discipline construction of tea science.
Wu Xianhui also said that in the past ten years, the construction of faculty and talent training in colleges and universities involving tea science has achieved remarkable results, and the discipline construction and teaching and research platform have been continuously improved. Tea-related colleges and universities across the country have exclusive teaching laboratories and internship training bases for junior college students on campus, and tea processing factories, tea garden bases or long-term cooperative production enterprises that have completed production internships and belong to the school off-campus, and there are a large number of tea production enterprises with solid connections to provide places for strengthening, applying and verifying the professional knowledge learned for graduation internships.
In the new era, the development and popularization of tea science is still continuing, what do you think about the ten-year history of tea science major? Welcome to comment and leave a message.