Xiang Yu, a heroic hero who was heroic and powerful, opened the prelude to the anti-Qin war with an unyielding roar of "he can replace him", and several conquests made great contributions to overthrowing the rule of the Qin Dynasty.
Character profiles
Name: Xiang Nationality (字羽)
Year of birth and death: 232 BC – 202 BC
Birthplace: Xiaxiang (present-day southwest of Suqian, Jiangxi)
Identity: Leader of the peasant rebel army in the late Qin Dynasty
Background of the times
Since Qin Shi Huang unified the Six Kingdoms, he has implemented a series of brutal rule. He recruited laborers, built palaces, gardens and mausoleums, killed Confucianists, and burned books. He was extravagant and desperate, sought elixirs, traveled extensively for pleasure, requisitioned masonry without restriction, imposed heavy taxes, and tortured him wantonly. After Qin II came to the throne, his behavior not only did not converge, but intensified. Countless servants restored the Afang Palace. Fornication and tyranny aroused the resentment of the people. In the first year of the Second Qin Dynasty (209 BC), the peasant uprising led by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang finally broke out. The lights of the uprising spread rapidly, and anti-Qin forces in various places continued to grow. Xiang Yu grew up and rose in such an environment.
Biographical Chronicle
Xiang Yu was born into a military family. His ancestors were Chu generals for generations, and he was sealed in Xiang County, so he took this as his surname. His grandfather Xiang Yan was a famous general of the State of Chu who committed suicide after defeat in battle with the Qin army. Subsequently, the state of Chu collapsed, and the Xiang family also declined, and Xiang Yu was raised by his uncle Xiang Liang. Xiang Yu has been reluctant to read since he was a child, Xiang Liang taught him to write, but he abandoned halfway to teach him to learn swordsmanship, Xiang Yu still refused to use his heart, Xiang Liang was very angry, but Xiang Yu said: "Read and write." It's just to remember the name, no matter how superb the sword technique is, it can only resist one person at a time, and it is not worth learning. To learn, it is necessary to learn the art of war that can withstand thousands of troops, and Xiang Liang felt that this child was quite ambitious, so he taught him the art of war. However, Xiang Yu was still impetuous and rash in his studies, and he refused to concentrate on his studies.
In 210 BC, Qin Shi Huang went on a parade to Huiji, and 23-year-old Xiang Yu mixed in with Xiang Liang to watch. Looking at Qin Shi Huang's hugging appearance, he couldn't help but say: "He can take his place!" Xiang Liang couldn't help but be impressed by this nephew. At this time, Xiang Yu was already a burly, tall and outstanding young man, and became the leader of Wu Zhongzi's disciples. In 209 BC, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang rose up in Daze Township, and the world's heroes gathered to respond. Xiang Yu and Xiang Liang's uncle and nephew also raised troops in Wuzhong and joined the anti-Qin struggle. The uncle and nephew had a high reputation, and many people joined their team along the way, Xiang Liang's team quickly grew, and the troops led by the young Xiang Yu became the main force of this anti-Qin team.
After Chen Sheng's death, the rebel armies fought separately, often defeated by the Qin army. Therefore, Xiang Liang summoned the leaders of the rebel army to assemble in Xuedi. He reorganized the ranks of the rebel army and made Xinxin, the grandson of King Huai of Chu, who was in exile in the people herding sheep, as king, still called King Huai of Chu, and established the capital Shitu. Xiang Liang claimed to be Wu Xinjun and presided over major military and political affairs.
Just as the rebels were victorious, Xiang Liang was unfortunately killed in battle, and King Huai of Chu decided to attack Qin in two ways: one with Song Yi leading the main force to aid the state of Zhao, and the other with Liu Bang leading an army from Wuguan to attack the Qin capital Xianyang. King Huai of Chu only made Xiang Yu Song Yi's deputy general on the grounds that he was "a fierce thief and destroyed everything".
In October 207 BC, the Chu army led by Song Yi deliberately stagnated and only waited and watched the Qin army. Xiang Yu couldn't bear it anymore, killed Song Yi, and was elected as a "general" by all the generals, and from then on, the main force of the Chu army was in the hands of Xiang Yu, and after Xiang Yu killed Song Yi, he immediately ordered to cross the river. After the Chu army crossed Zhangshui. Breaking the cauldron and sinking the boat, fighting to the death, defeating the Qin army, this is the famous Battle of the Giant Deer. The Battle of Julu was a decisive battle to overthrow the Qin Dynasty, and the victory of this battle opened the way for the rebel army to advance west into Guanzhong and overthrow the Qin Dynasty.
Subsequently, Xiang Yu led more than 400,000 horses straight to Hangu Pass. When Xiang Yu arrived at Guanxia, Xiang Yu learned that Liu Bang had entered Xianyang, and immediately became furious, and ordered Jibu to attack the Hongmen garrison of Hangu Pass, threatening to fight Liu Bang, and Liu Bang analyzed the situation at that time. Thinking that he was unable to compete with Xiang Yu, he withdrew from the army and deceived Xiang Yu's trust at the banquet of the Hongmen.
Shortly after the Hongmen banquet, Xiang Yu drove his troops into Xianyang, killed the infant prince of Qin, set fire to the palace, and plundered all the treasures and women of the Qin dynasty. Subsequently, Xiang Yu divided 18 princes, proclaimed himself the overlord of Western Chu, made King Huai of Chu the righteous emperor, moved the capital to Changsha, and killed him on the way. Xiang Yuman thought that the world would be peaceful, but he did not expect that as soon as he returned to Pengcheng, Liu Bang would repair the plank road, secretly cross Chen Cang, occupy Guanzhong and compete with Xiang Yu for the world according to the danger of Guanzhong .
In 202 BC, the balance of power between the Chu and Han sides changed greatly. Liu Bang changed from weak to strong, while Xiang Yu changed from strong to weak. In December 202 BC, Xiang Yu was killed by Liu Bang. HAN Xin. Peng Yue and others besieged under the domain. After a hard battle, Xiang Yu's entire army was destroyed, and finally he killed himself in Wujiang, and Xiang Yu, a famous general of Western Chu, died tragically on the bank of Wujiang.
Silhouettes of life
In Chinese history, Xiang Yu can be described as a household name. Speaking of his mighty bravery, great battle exploits, and his straightforwardness, people can't help but give a thumbs up and marvel. But remembering that he was arbitrary, suspicious by nature, and did not use people well, so that he failed miserably, people could not help but sigh with regret. Chengye Xiang Yu, defeated Xiang Yu, hero Xiang Yu, Pifu Xiang Yu, Xiang Yu became another controversial figure in Chinese history.
Military achievements
Xiang Yu's main military achievement was his great contribution to the overthrow of Qin's rule, and his bravery and good fighting again in the Chu-Han War. He has experienced more than 70 large and small battles in his lifetime, and although no brilliant strategic ideas have been passed down to future generations, the several classic battles he commanded and participated in have always been praised by future generations.
Impact Review
Xiang Yu is a heroic hero. An invincible hero. In the battle against the tyranny of the Su Dynasty, when the anti-Qin rebel army was at a critical juncture, it was Xiang Yu with fearless courage and the spirit of forging ahead, leading the Chu army to break the cauldron and sink the boat, winning more with less, completely annihilating the main force of the Qin army by hundreds of thousands in the battle of Julu, achieving a key victory, fundamentally turning the tide of the war, in order to overthrow the rule of the Qin Dynasty, the Chu army heard about the embattled songs, yellow swords and white systems. Opening the way, Xiang Yu played a great role in overthrowing the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty, and his historical achievements are indelible.
Although he was sometimes cruel in war, burning, looting, tea poisoning the people, and simple-minded, suspicious by nature, unclear right and wrong, and finally defeated and died, becoming a big loser in the Chu-Han War, but his heroic deeds and unyielding strong character have been praised by future generations for many years. As early as the Western Han Dynasty, Ma Qian of the Taishi Company made a book for him in the "Shiji" and listed him among the emperors. Sima Qian wrote about the heroic deeds of this tragic hero with strokes full of admiration and regret, and gave him great affirmation and praise between the lines. Although the famous poet Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty once lamented that Xiang Yu said that Jiangdong disciples were many talented, and it is unknown whether they would make a comeback. There are quite a few criticisms about his behavior of not being able to lie down and try his courage and regroup, but the Chinese people obviously do not like to judge heroes by success or failure, and people are always full of admiration and admiration for Xiang Yu's heroic spirit of being willing to die by the neck rather than stealing his life.
After Li Qingzhao, a famous female lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty, once wrote a song "Summer Sentences": "Life is a masterpiece, death is also a ghost." So far, thinking about Xiang Yu, he refuses to cross Jiangdong. It can be said that Xiang Yu's tragic heroic actions were highly evaluated, and they are still sung endlessly. To this day, people still sing the praises of this failed hero, for his bravery, for his impudence and exploits.