Yangtze River Daily - Yangtze River Network September 29 news (reporter Xu Jinbo correspondent Hou Xizi) September 30 is the martyrs' memorial day, the hero city of Wuhan, heroes and martyrs are born. There are more than 6,000 registered martyrs in Wuhan, the city has 15 martyrs' cemeteries (museums), 17 monuments (towers, pavilions, statues), and the reporter of Changjiang Daily-Changjiang Network visited and found that the design of some martyrs' monuments in Wuhan has a little-known "digital password".
The main monument of the Erqi Martyrs Monument is 23.27 meters high
"Dad, how tall is this monument?" On the weekend to visit the Wuhan Erqi Memorial Hall, the daughter pointed to the Erqi Martyrs Monument and sent a question, which made Mr. Zhou, who did not know the height of the monument, a little embarrassed, and he took his daughter to find the docent of the memorial.
(The overall height of the Erqi Martyrs Monument is 27 meters.) Photo by reporter Xu Jinbo)
"23.27 meters, which is the height of the Monument to the Erqi Martyrs." Li Yun, director of the Wuhan Erqi Memorial Hall, told reporters that when Wuhan built the Erqi Martyrs Monument, it added some designs with profound meanings, and the main monument of the current Erqi Martyrs Monument is 23.27 meters high, implying February 7, 1923.
In February 1923, the Beijing-Hankou railway workers rose up against the cruel oppression of imperialism and feudal reactionary warlords, and in order to fight for the rights of the working class, they held a "February Seventh" strike that shocked China and foreign countries, setting off a climax of the Chinese workers' movement. On February 7, reactionary warlords frantically suppressed the strike and created the "February 7 Massacre", in which 52 people, including Lin Xiangqian, chairman of the Jiang'an Branch of the Beijing-Hankou Railway Federation of Trade Unions and a member of the Communist Party, and Shi Yang, a famous lawyer and Communist Party member, died heroically in the strike, and more than 300 people were injured.
"The main monument is 23.27 meters high, and with the Dapeng flywheel at the top of the monument, the overall height of the Erqi Martyrs Monument is 27 meters." Li Yun introduced that the sculpture Dapeng Flywheel at the top of the current Erqi Martyrs Monument is taken from the emblem of the First-class Cultural Relics Riverbank Beijing-Hankou Railway Trade Union. The base of the monument is a steel rail shape, the front of the base is a bronze whistle relief, the slope-like granite stone platform below the whistle is engraved with "1923.2.4", it is on this day that Lin Xiangqian pressed the pocket watch in his hand, the worker Huang Zhengxing played the whistle, and the strike of the General League of the Beijing-Hankou Railway began.
Huang Shangwen worked at the Wuhan Erqi Memorial Hall for more than 20 years, and went to Tianjin and other places to find historical materials for the construction of the Erqi Martyrs' Monument. Huang Shangwen said: Before the 1953 "Second Seventh" commemoration, the Yangtze River Daily published a letter from the masses, in which the young youth who wrote the letter believed that Wuhan, as the birthplace of the "Second Seventh," had no place for people to pay homage to the martyrs, and suggested that provincial, municipal, and railway leaders attach importance to and build a memorial building for the "Second Seventh" revolutionary struggle in the riverside area as soon as possible.
"This letter attracted great attention from the leaders of the Hubei Provincial Party Committee and the Wuhan Municipal Party Committee, and the Wuhan Federation of Trade Unions and the Railway Bureau Trade Union soon established the 'February Seventh' Memorial Building Preparatory Committee." Huang Shangwen said that the memorial building was successively planned to be built on Fujian Street and Liberation Park, the former site of the "Erqi Massacre", and finally selected the place where Zhao Jixian, the murderer of the "Erqi Massacre", was publicly tried to build a monument. In 1974, the provincial party committee and the provincial government made a decision to relocate the new museum, and the relocated monument was completed at the end of January 1999, which is now the Monument to the Erqi Martyrs. "The monument is now flanked by a group of granite curved sculptures, which sit on a granite base with a diameter of 27 meters."
There are 3 floors and 27 steps in front of the Shi Yang Martyrs Monument
"You killed one Shi Yang, and there are a thousand Shi Yang!" On February 15, 1923, Shi Yang, a Communist Party member and labor lawyer, shouted these words and bravely took revenge in Hongshan, Wuchang. In Wuhan, Shi Yang participated in the Marxist Theory Research Association organized by the Communist Party of China in the early days and was one of the leaders of the "27th" Beijing-Hankou railway workers' strike.
(Pictured is the Shi Yang Martyrs Monument.) Photo by reporter Xu Jinbo)
After Shi Yang's death, the union workers risked their lives to collect his body, and his coffin was buried in the northern foothills of Hongshan Mountain. In 1953, the tomb was relocated to the current site as shiyang martyrs cemetery, and in 1997, it was expanded and gradually established memorial facilities such as archway, memorial square, shiyang martyrs monument, shiyang martyrs statue, cast bronze reliefs and memorial halls.
"The Shi Yang Martyrs Monument is 10.8 meters high, and few people pay attention to why so many steps were built in front of the monument." Zhi Kun, director of the Management Office of shiyang martyrs cemetery, told reporters that to reach the shiyang martyrs monument along the back of the archway, it is necessary to bypass the cast copper relief and walk through 81 steps.
(Pictured here is a 3-story, 27-step road leading to the Shi Yang Martyrs Monument.) Photo by reporter Xu Jinbo)
On the 28th, the reporter went to the ShiYang Martyrs Cemetery to visit the field, although it was not yet the Martyrs' Memorial Day, the citizens had already offered flowers in front of the statue of Shi Yang Martyrs. The reporter bypassed the cast bronze relief behind the statue and walked along the steps mentioned by Zhi Kun to the Shi Yang Martyrs Monument, and the "79, 80, 81" step to the last step was exactly the 81st step.
When the reporter walked back from the monument, he found that the 81 steps were evenly distributed on 3 floors, and each floor had 27 steps. According to Zhi Kun, according to the height of the Shi Yang Martyrs Monument, a total of 81 steps were originally designed and built on 3 floors, "These 3 steps are 27 steps on each floor, which means the 'Erqi' strike." ”
191 Wuhan trees were planted next to the Monument to the Martyrs of the Northern Expedition
About 10 minutes from the Shiyang Martyrs' Cemetery in the direction of the street entrance, in the second alley to the right of the wuluo road primary school gate, there is a martyrs' cemetery, which is densely forested and planted with many towering trees.
Walking into the cemetery, you can see the tall archway with the words "Independence Regiment Martyrs' Cemetery" written on it. Walking inside is a white martyrs' monument, which is engraved with "the revolutionary martyrs who died in the Northern Expedition War are immortal", behind the monument is the Cao Yuan Martyrs Monument, and further inside is the martyrs' joint burial tomb, where you can see the Metasequoia that is more than 10 meters high.
(The picture shows the Monument to the Martyrs of the Northern Expedition Independence Regiment.) Courtesy of correspondent Zhu Hong)
In October 1924, Cao Yuan joined the Communist Party of China, and later participated in the First and Second Crusades, and made many military achievements. In 1926, the Nationalist government decided to go north, and on the recommendation of Zhou Enlai, Cao Yuan served as the commander of the first battalion of the Ye Ting Independent Regiment of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and in May, he led the first battalion with the Independent Regiment as the advance force of the Northern Expedition to Shonan and entered Hubei in August.
On August 31, the Northern Expeditionary Army approached Wuchang City, and the Fourth Army attacked the southeast of Wuchang City, at this time the Independent Regiment was responsible for the attack between the White Bone Pagoda and the Binyang Gate (DadongMen). Due to the strong walls of Wuchang and the fierce enemy fire, the headquarters decided to set up a siege team, and Cao Yuan volunteered to participate. On September 5, the general offensive of Pancheng began, and Cao Yuan led the brave team to march in tandem, but was attacked by the Beiyang Army's condescending and crazy strafing, and the soldiers suffered heavy casualties.
"Commander: The sky has dawned, and there is no hope of entering the city." The casualties of the camp have been exhausted, and there are only about ten people now, but the revolutionary soldiers have not retreated, how to deal with it, please instruct. Cao Yuan "When it was almost dawn, Cao Yuan counted more than 30 people, including the wounded, and immediately wrote the above emergency report to Ye Ting. After handing over the report to the correspondent to send Ye Ting, he then set up the ladder, jumped on the ladder to command the troops to climb the city, climbed to the middle of the ladder, was hit several times, and died heroically. In this siege battle, a total of 191 officers and soldiers, including Cao Yuan, were killed.
The Martyrs' Cemetery of the Northern Expedition Independent Regiment is currently under the management of the Shiyang Martyrs' Cemetery. According to the information provided by Zhi Kun, the archway of the Martyrs' Cemetery of the Northern Expedition Independence Regiment is 10 meters high, which is as high as Wuchang City at that time, and the Martyrs' Monument is 16 meters high. After the siege of Wuchang City and the relocation of the Nationalist government to Wuchang City, the commander of the Ye Ting Regiment proposed that the remains of the officers and soldiers who had fallen under siege be buried together at the southern foot of The Hongshan Mountains in Wuchang, which is now the joint burial tomb of the martyrs.
"There are a lot of trees planted here, and there are 191 Wuhan city trees and Metasequoia planted next to the monument, especially near the martyrs' joint burial tomb." Zhi Kun said that the 191 trees symbolize the sacrifice of the 191 officers and men of the Northern Expedition Independent Regiment, pinning on the reverence and remembrance of the people of Wuhan for the martyrs. "The upright image of Metasequoia Wei'an is like the martyrs of the Northern Expedition Independence Regiment who have never retreated and dedicated themselves to the revolution."
【Editor: Jin Xin】