The Analects. Tabor has written:
Zeng Zi said: "You can support the lonely of six feet, you can send the life of a hundred miles, and you cannot take it away from the great festival." Gentleman man with? Gentleman too! ”
Zeng Zi believed that only a gentleman could entrust the young monarch to him, could he pick up the burden of the state society, and could he not waver or yield at the juncture of life and death.
Mencius, in the "Mencius Teng Wen Gongxia" chapter to educate his student Jing Chun, said:
The rich and the noble cannot be adulterous, the poor cannot be moved, and the mighty cannot be bent.
The rich cannot confuse his thoughts, the poor cannot change his conduct, the powerful cannot submit to his will, only such a person can be considered a big husband!
Feng Youlan, a member of the last century, believed that the Republic of China can be called a gentleman and a big husband, and that cai Yuanpei is the only one who can turn the tide of the tide and help the building to fall.
Cai Yuanpei
However, such a person was slapped by a female college student at the age of 65.
Cai Yuanpei, also spelled Xiaomin, was born in 1868 in Tongzhi, and like Lu Xun, was born in Shaoxing Province, Zhejiang.
Cai Yuanpei is extremely intelligent, a 25-year-old middle-aged soldier, who began to enter the Chinese literary and political circles and bloomed.
Cai Yuanpei's thoughts were all-encompassing, and he was one of the very few scholars who was not destroyed and strangled by the Manchu Qing "Eight Strands of Literature", and at the same time, he had a heart of social welfare, and often regarded it as his mission to ask for the people's lives, "worrying about the worries of the world before the world, and enjoying the happiness of the world after the world".
Originally, Cai Yuanpei's life should have been a lifelong struggle in the Manchu Qing Dynasty to punch in the order of a scholar and doctor who clocked in and went to work, but in 1894, the Sino-Japanese "Sino-Japanese Naval Battle" completely hurt him, making him deeply realize that "closing the country" and "building a car behind closed doors" would only sit in the well and watch the sky, becoming a dead end for the weak who were bullied.
Probably from this time on, Cai Yuanpei began to sympathize with Kang and Liang and approve of the reform and reform method, began to truly realize the importance and urgency of contacting advanced Western ideas, and began to learn from the advanced "Mr. De" and "Mr. Sai" in the Western world, and integrated it.
In the year of Gengzi, Cai Yuanpei was 33 years old, becoming the first person in China's feudal dynasty to truly begin to pay attention to women's rights and advocate equality between men and women.
In this year, Cai Yuanpei completely overturned the previously deep-rooted idea of male superiority and female inferiority through reflection from the Western idea of equality between men and women, began to attach importance to the status of his wife Wang Zhao for the first time, and wrote the epoch-making "Husband and Wife Convention", which is full of true insights into feminism in the new century and full of love and respect for his wife.
Wang Zhao and Cai Yuanpei
In 1904, Cai Yuanpei profoundly realized that the feudalism and ignorance of the Chinese land were deeply planted, and only democracy and freedom could rescue the toiling masses and save the Chinese nation, so he resolutely began to engage in anti-feudal activities of the emperor and established the Guangfu Association in Shanghai in the same year.
In 1905, Cai Yuanpei's ideas and purposes of the Guangfuhui were immediately in line with Sun Yat-sen's, and the Guangfuhui was merged into the League.
In 1907, Cai Yuanpei, who was already 40 years old, felt that he had achieved nothing but the "Four Books and Five Classics" in his stomach, and felt that politics and revolution were not his strengths, so he resolutely resigned from the important post of the League and began to cross the ocean to Germany to find a way for national self-help and a way to emancipate the mind.
The four years of staying in Germany enabled Cai Yuanpei to truly approach and understand, understand, and master the advanced ideas and knowledge of the West, and to integrate them and summarize a set of programs that are generally applicable to Chinese education.
In 1911, the Xinhai Revolution broke out, and Cai Yuanpei returned to China at the urging of Chen Qimei, a veteran and close friend of the Kuomintang, and in 1912 he became the chief of education of the Provisional Government of Nanjing.
During his tenure as The Chief Of Education, the world discovered Cai Yuanpei's amazing talent in education work for the first time.
For the first time, he began to advocate that China should learn from the advanced education system of Western democracy and freedom, break the dogma and the "Eight Strands of Literature" doctrine, and take the essence of Confucius and Mencius culture and the "Four Books and Five Classics" to remove their dross, rather than shaking their heads and thinking "ZhiHu Ye" every day.
It is worth mentioning that it is precisely because of its "eclectic and downgrading talents" and inclusive thinking that the Republic of China has given birth to Lu Xun, Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Hu Shi, Qian Xuantong, and other evil talents who cure diseases.
Among them, Under the appreciation and careful cultivation of Cai Yuanpei, Lu Xun served as a Zhan Shi of the Ministry of Education and began to emerge in the Chinese literary circle.
As we all know, Lu Xun's disposition belongs to the character of offending people, and it is good to be "silent", if there is no Cai Yuanpei, perhaps there is no later "national soul".
In July 1912, Yuan Shikai stole revolutionary fruit, and the Nationalist government in Nanjing survived in name only.
In the face of Hou Lu, a high-ranking official issued by Yuan Shikai's government, Cai Yuanpei was unmoved, resigned because he was angry because he did not want to work with Xiao Xiao, and after the failure of the second revolution, he once again embarked on the road of studying in a foreign country.
When he embarked on the journey to France this year, Cai Yuanpei was 46 years old, but he was faced with the disillusionment of ideals and the difficulties of mountains and rivers.
During the three-year period from 1913 to 1915, Cai Yuanpei spared no effort to actively organize the Huafa Education Association with Li Shizeng and Wu Yuzhang, advocating that domestic students work and study in France. The people who cai Yuanpei personally set up to help later were Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping.
In December 1916, Cai Yuanpei was invited by the government of Li Yuanhong to return to China to serve as the president of Peking University. Although Li Yuanhong was a warlord bureaucrat at that time, he was quite knowledgeable and bold in innovating education and enlightening national thought.
Li Yuanhong promised Cai Yuanpei that he could do the following three things:
1. Responsible for all matters of Peking University.
2. It is up to them to select teaching professors, subjects and salaries.
Third, economically and unconditionally support its innovative education.
The only condition of the Li Yuanhong government is to start China's education!
"Ordered to be in the midst of defeated armies, ordered to be in danger", Cai Yuanpei began to carry out ideological and cultural reform of Chinese education with Peking University as the center, and finally established a Peking University that affected the freedom of thought and inclusiveness of the entire Republic of China and even the entire nation from generation to generation.
At that time, Chen Duxiu ran "New Youth" in Shanghai, and in terms of literary thinking, he was well-known in the sea, and his influence was unsurpassed, and he had the style of a chinese ideological enlightenment teacher. Cai Yuanpei believed that Peking University needed to be such a mainstay that could afford to be a big man, so he took care of Maolu and impressed Chen Duxiu to go to Peking University to serve as the dean of liberal arts, and entrusted him with full authority over the literary and ideological innovation education work of Peking University and even the entire nation.
Chen Duxiu arrived, and in order to further establish the effect of the source of ideological and cultural innovation at Peking University, he brought "New Youth" to Beijing.
Since then, all high-level learning, advanced ideas, and new cultural education have all come from Peking University.
Cai Yuanpei has been the president of Peking University for a total of ten years, and it can be said that he has played an important role in the ideological and cultural education of the whole Republic of China.
In 1923, Cai Yuanpei resigned in anger (without being answered) because he was dissatisfied with the act of Peng Yunyi, the chief of education, for violating the legal system, and from 1927 onwards, he went south to serve as the dean of the National Government College in Nanjing, the minister of justice, and the chief of supervision.
During his tenure in the Nanjing government, Cai Yuanpei was very sympathetic and provided great support and assistance to our party, and unlike the brutal suppression and bloody massacres of chiang kai-shek's "one-size-fits-all" government, Cai Yuanpei advocated that "the Qing Communists should be peacefully impeached and peacefully withdrawn, rather than indiscriminately killed."
During Chiang Kai-shek's encirclement and suppression of us and his indiscriminate killing, he repeatedly stood up and appealed:
The Kuomintang authorities should inherit the noble personality of Sun Yat-sen, subdue people with virtue, and stop indiscriminate killing.
During the persecution of Mao's wife Yang Kaihui, he openly carried out a large number of rescue work, but in the end the rescue failed because Chiang Kai-shek was dissatisfied with his ideas.
In the face of the bloody rule and arbitrariness of Chiang Kai-shek's government, Cai Yuanpei resigned his position in the Nanjing government in 1930 in anger, and only hung up a false post as a façade for education, and from then on only cared about the work of national culture, education and science and technology.
In the "Table of Later Masters", Zhuge Liang once said that for the great cause of the Shu kingdom, he "bowed down to exhaustion, and died after death!" Cai Gongcheng said so.
However, it was such a person who cut through thorns and thorns for the work of national ideological and cultural innovation, but in 1931 he was ruthlessly slapped by a female student, dragged, humiliated, and beaten. And who did such a thing to this man who had done great service to the nation? What happened to her?
In 1931, the 918 Incident, which shocked the whole country, openly invaded the three eastern provinces of China.
It is said that Zhang Zuolin was "black-handed" to the Japanese and that the tiger father had no dogs, but Zhang Xueliang pursued the doctrine of not firing a shot and not resisting in dealing with the aggression of the Japanese Kwantung Army.
In this regard, some people have justified Zhang Xueliang's name on the grounds that he was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek. However, in 1990, Zhang Xueliang personally admitted in an interview with a Japanese reporter:
I didn't expect the Japanese army to do that, I thought that Japan was using military action to provoke us, so I issued an order not to resist... I misjudged the '9/18' incident. I cannot shift the responsibility for non-resistance in the '9/18' incident to the National Government, because I myself did not want to expand the incident and adopted a policy of non-resistance.
With an army of 300,000, they did not resist, did not fire a single shot, and allowed the Japanese Kwantung Army to occupy the three eastern provinces, causing the loss of the land and the massacre of the people.
On the other hand, Chiang Kai-shek's government also openly agreed with Zhang Xueliang's non-resistance.
Chiang Kai-shek once wrote in his diary:
It was Wu Kouguo who took advantage of the Rebellion of Guangdong and the internal division to invade our Eastern Province! But how to resist? He deeply felt that "my husband and I are in constant civil strife... However, natural disasters are still frequent, bandits are entangled, the country's vitality is already extremely weak, although it wants to strengthen the royal insult, its strength is insufficient!
In the face of the non-resistance attitude of the Chiang Kai-shek government, as the ruler of the Republic of China government, the people's indignation was instantly aroused, and the "southward movement" that shocked the whole country broke out in an instant, and countless students and patriots organized groups to go south one after another, vowing to ask the Chiang Kai-shek government in Nanjing for an explanation and an attitude.
At this time, in the face of the national crisis of the subjugation of the country and the extinction of the species, the Chiang Kai-shek government was still pursuing the set of "outside must first be at home", and Chiang Kai-shek personally went to Nanchang to supervise the third encirclement and suppression of the Red Army in Jiangxi.
On the one hand, it did not resist the Japanese Empire, and on the other hand, it carried out bloody massacres and encirclement and suppression of the Communist Party, which contributed to the society and the people, "it is tolerable or intolerable." The perverse actions of the Chiang Kai-shek government instantly made the "southward movement" appear in a magnificent trend.
People from all walks of life in the northeast and Students from Beiping set up the "Beiping Students Anti-Japanese National Salvation Federation" in Beiping, and students and people took the association as the center, with the slogan "Either struggle or death!" The banner shouted "Swear to die to Nanjing to petition!" With "Down with Japanese imperialism!" Aid the Northeast Volunteer Army! The slogan began to march south to demonstrate.
On December 4, 1931, more than 2,000 students lay on the train tracks of the snow-capped Zhengyangmen East Railway Station, forcing the Beiping government to send special trains to help the students in the "South movement."
At the same time, in order to strengthen the organization and leadership of the "Southward Movement" and relieve pressure on the Red Army, which was engaged in the third anti-encirclement and suppression campaign, five people from our party, Gu Zhuoxin, Li Xugang, Lin Feng, Chen Yi, and Xue Xun, were responsible for the "Southward Movement." Among them, Lin Feng, Chen Yi, and Xue Xun organized and led a demonstration procession to the South Nanjing Government to demonstrate.
At the end of December, the atmosphere in Nanjing was extremely cold and solemn, and the demonstration group of the "Southward Movement" had arrived at the National Government in Nanjing.
The students stormed the Nationalist government building, but the leaders inside were very busy at the time, and Chiang Kai-shek was even more troubled at this time, because his policy of non-resistance and suppression of communism had aroused great popular anger and the "southward movement", and at this time the report of resignation was being carried out in the building.
In the end, Chen Mingshu, who was then the commander of the Beijing-Shanghai garrison, and Cai Yuanpei, who was known as the "master's table", were pushed out to negotiate with the demonstration group as peacemakers.
However, it was Xue Xun, a hot girl in Henan, who was in charge of the demonstration group's negotiations this time.
Xue Xunqi is capable and decisive, capable of ordinary people dare not do it, can be an ordinary person can not be, and has excellent eloquence and sharp words.
Soon under the ironclad fact of the "inaction" of the National Government, Chen Mingshu was quickly defeated by her refutation, and could only push Cai Gongshang.
Cai Gong has a reputation among the students, but in the face of angry and irrational students and angry youth, it is obvious that "Xiu Cai met the soldiers, and the reason is not clear", the demonstration group did not care at all, and the voices of rebuke, criticism and even insults and good deeds quickly drowned out Cai GongChun's speech.
In the midst of the chaos, some angry Qing actually regarded Cai Gong as an obstacle to the "Southward Movement" and the great national righteousness, grabbed the stick and slammed it into the back of Cai Gong's head, and Cai Gong could only press the back of his head and shout in pain:
You should study well and not delay your studies, what a pity! What a shame!
In the eyes of this great education bureau, students who do not read seem to be on the same level as the land is lost.
On the other hand, Commander Chen was soon surrounded by demonstrators and beaten in an inexplicable manner.
At this time, Cai Gong was still running and shouting, but when he saw Xue Xun walk over with an arrow, he gave Cai Gong a slap in the face, with great force and a strange sound, which made everyone present startled and stunned.
With the first person who dared to do this, the next demonstrators quickly surrounded Cai Gong and kept pushing and abusing him.
Chen Shuming saw the situation, lest Cai Gong have three long and two short, he would not be able to explain himself, and immediately ordered the police to shoot at the air to warn the demonstration group and let Cai Gong go.
On the other hand, the frightened students were obviously panicked, and in the face of bullets, unarmed, they finally regained their sanity and could only push Cai Gong out.
At this time, Cai Gong hurriedly said to the students: "They are shooting empty guns, don't worry, I still hope you go back to study..."
At this time, Chen Shuming fired another shot, the demonstration group was in chaos in an instant, and the students began to appear among those who thought they had been shot, and in the panic, the demonstration group was afraid of being shot by the police, and then panicked and abducted Cai Gong.
Along the way, there was a frenzied and angry Youth, dragging and dragging Cai Gong, pushing and shoving him to the suburbs, before being rescued by the police.
However, many years later, when Cai Gong talked about this encounter, there was no resentment at all, but only full of good intentions and remorse for national education, and he recalled in his diary:
The rudeness of the young people present here today is really due to the failure of my generation of educators to work hard!
Looking back at history, we can almost say that Cai Yuanpei was the greatest master of the Republic of China period.
Cai Gong's story is over, so where did Xue Xun, the female student who tied Up Cai Gong, go?
Xue Xun, a native of Henan, was 21 years old at the time and was a student at Peking University. A year before organizing the "Southward Movement", he had already joined the Communist Party.
Xue Xun later blamed himself and regretted himself whenever he talked about holding Cai Gong, and declared that he "could not forgive himself for the rest of his life!" ”
On the other hand, however, Cai Xun was also an outstanding revolutionary fighter and communist member of our Party, and it was precisely the "southward movement" he actively organized that forced Chiang Kai-shek to retreat from the front line of "suppressing the Communists" to Nanjing and resign. From this point of view, she has made contributions to our party and to the people.
Xue Xun eventually worked all the way to the position of deputy secretary of the Hebei Provincial Party Committee, and when personally reporting to Mao Zedong on his work, Mao Zedong specifically inquired about his revolutionary history and said:
Comrade Xue Xun, you are a heroine among women!
Chairman Mao said this because Comrade Xue Xun's revolutionary experience was indeed excellent.
After all, no one is a sage who is blameless. In the subsequent work, Xue Xun was also conscientious.
On October 16, 1953, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Resolution on implementing the planned purchase and planned supply of grain", and the whole country began to implement the policy of unified purchasing and marketing.
The so-called unified purchasing and marketing means that the government has come forward to realize the relationship between grain supply and demand through the unified purchase of the people's grain and the unified distribution of grain. Obviously, this policy is extremely unreasonable, it is very easy to dispel the enthusiasm of farmers in production and there is a great unreasonable supply and demand, so when Xue Xun was in charge of Hebei work, he proposed the policy to the organization:
Appropriate amount of unified purchase, should not be unified too much, too dead. While ensuring the interests of the state, it is also necessary to take into account the interests of the peasants and take into account their enthusiasm for production.
However, the proposal was soon seen as "opposing unified purchasing and marketing", and Xue Xun's position was also downgraded, and he only served as assistant minister of petroleum and vice president of Beijing Normal University.
On September 28, 1978, Xue Xun died of illness in Beijing. She was devoted to the people, her life was clean, and she died without even a decent piece of clothing around her.
The Song Dynasty Dai Retro once wrote "Sending Xing" and said:
Gold has no foot color, and the white bi is slightly flawed.
Comrade Xue Xun, although he has made mistakes, just like "gold has no feet, bi has slight flaws", people are always not perfect.
The most unforgivable thing for a person is not to commit a mistake, but to pass without changing, and those who can change are very good.
Looking at the history of Comrade Xue Xun's lifelong struggle, she still has merit to the people and the country, and we should learn from her and forgive her.
PS: Flipping through the whole network also did not find the photo of Comrade Xue Xun, if you find it, you can put it in the comment area.