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Editor|Yuzhi Yueli
introduction
The golden monkey is a primate native to Africa and one of the most talked about primates in the world. They are found in the forests and grasslands of western and central Africa and are one of the most common monkeys in tropical Africa.
Ecological environment and distribution area of golden snub-nosed monkeys
The habitat and distribution location of the golden snub-nosed monkey
The golden snub-nosed monkey is found in the forests and grasslands of the African continent, including Shennongjia in China, where the population of the Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey has increased from 1,218 in 2005 to more than 1,400 now, according to the latest monitoring data.
The golden snub-nosed monkey in the Panlong River Basin is a species of monkey that lives around Dianchi Lake, Douniuping and Shilongshan Forest Reserves, and its habitat is mainly located in Guandu District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province.
Effects of environmental factors on the habits and social behavior of golden snub-nosed monkeys
Environmental factors have an important impact on the habits and social behavior of golden snub-nosed monkeys, for example, air pollution may cause the golden monkeys to develop physical symptoms, which in turn affects their survival and reproductive ability.
In addition, chemicals in the environment may interfere with the nervous system of the golden monkey, negatively affecting its behavior.
In addition, in the wild, the social behavior of golden snub-nosed monkeys is mainly influenced by environmental factors such as food, habitat and predators.
For example, larger populations of snub-nosed monkeys tend to occur in resource-rich areas, and interactions between individuals within groups are more complex and frequent, and areas with higher predation risk may lead to more vigilant and protective behaviors.
Behavioral habits of golden snub-nosed monkeys
Daily activity regularity
The golden snub-nosed monkey mainly feeds in the morning and evening, and during the day it chooses tree holes in trees or places with dense foliage to rest.
In daily activities, the golden monkey also performs social activities, such as hairing, raising children, playing, etc., which are important for its survival and reproduction.
In addition, the activity pattern of the golden snub-nosed monkey is also affected by environmental factors, food availability and seasonal changes.
For example, during the summer when temperatures are higher, golden monkeys reduce the amount of exercise to reduce calorie expenditure in the body; During the season when food is insufficient, it may lead to an expanded range and more frequent movement of the golden monkey.
In summary, the daily activity law of the golden snub-nosed monkey is affected by many factors, and its feeding, rest and social behavior have certain stability and regularity.
At the same time, it will also be adjusted according to environmental factors, food supply and seasonal changes.
Eating habits and feeding behaviors
The golden monkey is an omnivore, its main food includes fruits, leaves, twigs and nuts, and there may be some differences in food choices in different regions.
In addition, golden snub-nosed monkeys will consider the cost and benefit of food when feeding, for example, they will decide whether to eat these foods according to the energy content, toxicity, chewiness, etc. of the food.
Golden snub-nosed monkeys also employ strategies to maintain nutritional balance when food is scarce, such as a large intake of nutritious foods in the short term in order to store energy.
In addition, the feeding behavior and eating habits of the golden monkey have certain changes and adaptations, and its main food includes fruits, leaves, twigs and nuts.
At the same time, they consider the costs and benefits of food, and adopt certain strategies to maintain nutritional balance when food is scarce.
Reproduction and reproductive behavior
The golden monkey is a species of animal in the primate monkey subfamily Colobus monkey subfamily whose breeding period is affected by environmental factors and a variety of hormones.
The breeding period for most wild animals takes place at specific times of the year, depending on environmental factors such as sunshine hours, temperature, rainfall, and a variety of hormones. Therefore, artificial control of environmental factors can change the breeding period.
Regarding the reproductive behavior of the golden snub-nosed monkey, the reproductive behavior includes a series of behaviors such as mate selection, courtship, mating, conception and upbringing of offspring.
Specifically, the female golden snub-nosed monkey selects mates who can provide sufficient resources and protection during the breeding period to attract males to reproduce through estrus.
During mating, females usually select high-quality seeds in order to produce healthy, strong pups and often look for areas that provide high-quality food during incubation.
In addition, golden monkey pups depend on the nurturing and protection of their mothers after birth, and the mother maintains the relationship between parents and children through close physical contact and hair grooming.
Social organization and behavior of golden snub-nosed monkeys
Social structure and group composition
The golden snub-nosed monkey belongs to the subfamily Colobus monkey of the primate family and has a complex social structure.
The social composition of golden snub-nosed monkeys is generally composed of dozens to hundreds of troops, each tribe usually composed of several males and several females, the relationship between these golden snub-nosed monkeys is closely related, they will forage, rest, play together, etc.
There will be obvious competition between males, forming a strict hierarchy internally, while the relationship between females is more stable.
In addition, the social structure of the golden snub-nosed monkey includes territory, usually maintained by some adult males, to protect the tribe from other tribes.
Regarding the group psychology of golden monkeys, group psychology is the science of studying group psychological phenomena, including group behavior, group thinking, group feelings, group decision-making, etc., and the group psychology phenomenon of golden monkeys also has many aspects that can be studied.
For example, the interaction between golden monkey tribes, the cooperation and competition of internal groups, and the interaction relationship between individuals are all research fields of golden monkey group psychology.
Communication behavior and verbal expression
The communication behavior between golden monkeys mainly includes facial expressions, body postures, tail swings and sounds, etc., which can express different meanings through different sounds, such as roars, wails, purrs, etc.
In addition, the golden monkey is also good at using facial features such as lips, eyebrows, and nose to express emotions and intentions, such as blinking eyes, pouting, etc.
Although golden snub-nosed monkeys do not have a complex language system similar to humans, they can transmit simple messages by making different sounds and postures.
For example, a golden monkey sounding an alarm can alert other members to dangers around them, and when foraging, it can also make sounds to direct other members to a food source.
It should be pointed out that the communication behavior and language expression of the golden snub-nosed monkey are not as advanced intelligence and abstract thinking ability as humans, but more based on instinctive and experiential responses.
In addition, different species of golden monkeys may have different communication behaviors and language expressions.
Social interaction and behavioral coordination
Social interaction and behavioral coordination are interrelated concepts. Social interaction refers to the process of interaction between individuals or groups, including various interactions between people, between people and organizations, and between organizations.
Behavioral coordination refers to the process of mutual adaptation of individuals or groups in interaction, that is, a process of coordinated action.
In social interaction, different individuals often have different goals, needs, interests, etc., so it is necessary to reach a certain consensus through behavioral coordination to achieve a win-win effect of cooperation.
For example, different members of a team may have different opinions and ideas, but need to communicate and coordinate to achieve common goals and scenarios to achieve the team's success.
The achievement of behavioral coordination requires communication, interaction and collaboration between individuals to establish common values and ways of working through mutual understanding and trust.
In the Internet era, the emergence of social networks and platforms between people provides more opportunities and tools for social interaction and behavioral coordination, making the transmission of information and effective communication easier and faster.
Evolutionary adaptation of the habits and social behavior of the golden snub-nosed monkey
The mechanism of behavioral evolution
The mechanism of behavioral evolution of golden snub-nosed monkeys can be roughly divided into two types: genetic mechanisms and cultural mechanisms, and genetic mechanisms refer to the genetic basis of golden monkey behavioral characteristics.
Some behavioral traits, such as social structure, parent-child relationship, etc., are determined by genetics, which are expressed in the growth and development of individual golden monkeys and are inherited in the process of reproducing offspring.
These genetic traits can influence the behavioral habits and social structure of snub-nosed monkeys, allowing them to adapt to different environments and survival pressures over a long period of evolution.
Cultural mechanisms refer to the non-genetic behavioral traits of golden snub-nosed monkeys that learn and accept each other in interaction. Snub-nosed monkeys between different groups may have differences in behavior and social organization, and these differences are often influenced by cultural mechanisms.
Golden snub-nosed monkeys can learn and accept certain behavioral patterns or social norms by imitating, observing, teaching, etc., thus forming their own cultural characteristics.
For example, the feeding patterns and tools used by snub-nosed monkeys may also vary in different regions, and these differences may be due to cultural mechanisms.
In conclusion, the mechanism of behavioral evolution of golden snub-nosed monkeys is usually formed by the interaction of genetic and cultural mechanisms.
These mechanisms allow the golden snub-nosed monkey to adapt to different environments and survival pressures, while also accumulating cultural characteristics and improving its own survival ability through learning and inheritance.
Evolutionary adaptation of the habits and social behavior of the golden snub-nosed monkey
The golden snub-nosed monkey is an alpine dense forest creature found mainly in southwest China and the high altitudes of Myanmar. They feed on plants such as wild fruits, young shoots, bamboo shoots, etc., and have a habit of vertical migration.
Different species of golden snub-nosed monkeys also have different coat colors, Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkeys are golden yellow, Qian golden snub-nosed monkeys and Yunnan golden snub-nosed monkeys are black and gray, and Burmese golden snub-nosed monkeys are black all over.
The golden snub-nosed monkey is a social animal that forms a complex social organization. In the social structure of the Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey, individuals form polygamous family units through mate relationships.
Single males form all-male units according to kinship, and multiple families eat and rest together to form breeding teams, and breeding teams and all-male teams are active in the same area, competing for breeding opportunities and forming groups. Multiple groups are separated - aggregated during specific seasons.
This social structure and behavior was formed by the golden snub-nosed monkey adapting to the alpine dense forest ecological environment during a long evolutionary process.
In the process of evolution, the habits and social behavior of golden snub-nosed monkeys have also changed accordingly, allowing them to better adapt to different survival pressures.
For example, the golden snub-nosed monkey feeds on wild fruits, shoots and other plants in the dense forests of the mountains, and has the habit of vertical migration, which is closely related to environmental adaptation.
The complex social organization and behavior of golden snub-nosed monkeys also helps them establish good interaction between large and small groups to jointly combat external threats.
In short, the habits and social behaviors of golden snub-nosed monkeys are gradually formed and developed in the long-term evolutionary process, which is closely related to their habitat environment and survival pressure.
These characteristics help the golden snub-nosed monkey to better adapt to the ecological environment, improve its viability, and ensure the reproduction and continuation of the population.
Enlightenment and application to human society
The study of the habits and social behavior of golden snub-nosed monkeys has many implications and applications for human society.
Specifically, social organization: the golden snub-nosed monkey forms a complex social organization, and there are various relationships between individuals, thus ensuring harmony and stability within the entire community.
This kind of social organization and group behavior can provide some enlightenment for human society, such as team building, win-win cooperation, group cooperation and so on.
Ecological adaptation: The golden snub-nosed monkey lives in the dense forest of the mountains and adapts to this special ecological environment. Humans are also facing a variety of different environmental and ecological problems, and learning the adaptive ability of golden monkeys can provide us with inspiration for solving some environmental problems.
Disease control: Golden snub-nosed monkeys live in the wild and face the threat of various diseases. At the same time, they are more resistant and less susceptible to diseases. This also provides inspiration for human disease prevention and treatment, how to improve the function of the human immune system, enhance the body's resistance and so on.
Biomedical research: Colobus monkeys are among the closest relatives of humans and share genetic, physiological, and behavioral characteristics similar to humans.
Therefore, studying the biological characteristics of golden snub-nosed monkeys can provide reference, reference and enlightenment for biomedical research.
In short, studying the habits and social behavior of golden snub-nosed monkeys can provide many enlightenments and applications for human society, which also shows the importance of biodiversity, and the protection of wild animals is also beneficial to the development of human society.
conclusion
The development direction of golden snub-nosed monkey research in the future
The future development direction of golden monkey research mainly includes the following aspects:
Further exploration of the social organization and behavior of golden snub-nosed monkeys: With the continuous development of science and technology, we can observe and study the social organization and behavior of golden snub-nosed monkeys in a deeper way through various means, including the use of GPS tracking, sign monitoring and other technical means, as well as the analysis and comparison of their behavioral data.
Studying the genetic and physiological mechanisms of golden snub-nosed monkeys: Studying the genetic and physiological mechanisms of golden snub-nosed monkeys helps us better understand their ability to adapt to high-altitude environments and reproduce. At the same time, it also contributes to human disease prevention and biomedical research.
Study the adaptability of golden snub-nosed monkeys to ecological changes: With the impact of climate change and human activities, the ecological environment in which golden snub-nosed monkeys live is also changing.
Studying the adaptive capacity of snub-nosed monkeys, especially in terms of how to adapt to changes in ecosystems, can help us better understand the conservation and conservation of biodiversity.
Protecting and managing the golden monkey population: With the impact of human activities, the threat to the golden monkey population is also increasing. Therefore, future research on snub-nosed monkeys also needs to be committed to developing scientific conservation and management programs to maintain and protect their ecological environment and populations.
In short, the future development direction of golden snub-nosed monkey research needs not only to continue to explore its social organization and behavior, genetic and physiological mechanisms, and adaptive ability.
At the same time, it is also necessary to devote ourselves to formulating scientific protection and management programs, maintaining and protecting the ecological environment and population of golden snub-nosed monkeys, and promoting the conservation of biodiversity.
bibliography
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[2] WANG Huarong, LIU Huan. Social behavior of golden snub-nosed monkey[D]. Chengdu: Sichuan Agricultural University, 2011.