In 208 AD, after basically unifying northern China, Cao Cao led a large army to conquer Jingzhou in the south after sufficient preparations. Liu Biao died of illness, Liu Chun succeeded him, and under the persuasion of Ku Yue, Cai Mao and others, Jingzhou had 100,000 armor in the air, but fell without a fight. Cao Cao calmed Jingzhou without a single soldier, and behind this was actually a long-planned conspiracy.
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In 190 AD, Liu Biao was ordered by the imperial court to go to Jingzhou to assassinate the history, but at that time the world was in chaos, and so was Jingzhou, because at that time Jiangnan Was full of thieves, Yuan Shutun was in Luyang, Wu Ren Su dai was Changsha Taishou, and Bei Yu was the governor of Huarong County, each according to the militia and local hegemony, resulting in Liu Biao being unable to directly take office. Liu Biao had to go to Jingzhou anonymously and single- and staged a good play of "Liu Jingsheng riding into Jingzhou alone".
After Liu Biao arrived in Jingzhou, he entered Yicheng on a single horse and conspired with the people of Zhonglu County, Such as Qu Liang, Ku Yue, and Cai Mao of Xiangyang. Ku Yue invited the leader of the clan thieves to a banquet, then beheaded them in one fell swoop, and then took over their subordinates. In short, Liu Biao really controlled Jingzhou with the help of Pu Yue, Cai Mao and others.
Briefly introduce the background of Ku Yue, Cai Mao and others: Ku Yue is one of the Wang clans in Jingzhou Nan County, a representative figure of the Ku family, and was quite famous in his youth; Cai Mao, from the Powerful Hao clan of Xiangyang County, Nan County, his aunt is the wife of Zhang Wen, the eastern Han Dynasty, the eldest sister and the second sister have married Huang Chengyan and Liu Biao as the stepmother, Huang Chengyan has a daughter named Huang Yueying, and later married Zhuge Liang (so from the perspective of kinship, Liu Biao is Zhuge Liang's uncle, and Cai Mao is Zhuge Liang's uncle). In addition, cai mao befriended Cao Cao when he was a teenager.
To put it bluntly, in the face of the chaos in Jingzhou, Ku Yue, Cai Mao, and the Jingzhou family clan behind them chose to side with Liu Biao. Helping Liu Biao pacify Jingzhou was beneficial to their family interests, so they chose Liu Biao. Liu Biao also gave them a corresponding return, and everyone held a high position of authority in Jingzhou. After Liu Biao's original wife died, he remarried Cai Mao's sister as his wife, which was the later Lady Cai.
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Those who persuaded Liu Chun to surrender were recorded as follows: Qu Yue, Cai Mao, Han Song, Fu Xun, Zhang Yun, and yes, the people who helped Liu Biao control Jingzhou. At first, these people chose to help Liu Biao rule Jingzhou, but as time went on, these people found that Liu Biao did not have the heroic ambition to dominate the world, and they also knew that Jingzhou could not be peaceful forever, so they were looking for a way back for themselves, and a long-planned conspiracy quietly began...
After Cao Cao's power gradually became stronger, Ku Yue and Cai Mao became famous pro-Cao factions at that time. In 200 AD (the fifth year of Jian'an), when Yuan and Cao confronted each other at Guandu, Ku Yue persuaded Liu Biao not to support Yuan Shao, but to befriend Cao Cao. Although Liu Biao did not help Cao Cao in the end, he did not respond to Yuan Shao's request to attack Cao Cao, thus indirectly contributing to Cao Cao's victory at the Battle of Guandu.
Liu Biao was alive, and they were not easy to control, but they began to lay out in advance - to support Liu Qi, to exclude Liu Qi, and to prepare for the smooth surrender of Cao Cao in the future and the sacrifice of Jingzhou (Liu Qi was not easy to control). The first step is to marry the cai women to Liu Chun and tie the interests together by marriage; the second step is to constantly slander Liu Qi in front of Liu Qi, praise Liu Chun, and make Liu Biao like Liu Chun; the third step, when Liu Biao died of illness, support Liu Chun to succeed to the throne; the fourth step, coerce And Li to induce Liu Qi to surrender to Cao Cao.
In 208, when Cao Cao's army marched south, Liu Biao fell ill and died, so He yue and Cai Mao and others supported Liu Biao's second son Liu Biao as his successor. When Cao Cao moved his army to Xinye, Liu Chun intended to join forces with Liu Qi and Liu Bei to resist Cao Cao, but was opposed by Ku Yue and Fu Xun, and finally Liu Chun surrendered to Cao Cao only in obedience to the wishes of the powerful ministers. Liu Bei went south to Jiangling, followed by more than 100,000 soldiers and civilians, all of whom were unwilling to surrender to Cao Cao.
After surrendering to Cao Cao, Ku Yue and others got the results they wanted--the high-ranking official Houlu, rich and long-lasting:
When Cao Cao heard that Ku Yue had surrendered, he was overjoyed and immediately wrote to Xun Yu, saying, "I am not happy because I have jingzhou, but I am happy because I have received a different degree (Ku Yue). Ku Yue was also awarded the title of Guanglu Xun (光禄勋), one of the Nine Secretaries, for his efforts to persuade Liu Chun to surrender.
After Cao Cao entered Jingzhou, he went to Xiangyang, visited Cai Mao in person, entered his private room, and called out to his wife, saying that he and Cai Mao were old friends and had met Liang Mengxing together. To see you again today is a blessing. After that, Cai Mao successively served as a lieutenant of Zhonglang, Sima and Changshui, and was knighted as the Marquis of Hanyang pavilion.
Although Han Song was ill after surrendering to Cao Cao, he was still worshipped as one of the Nine Secretaries, Dahong Qi; Fu Xun was given the title of Marquis of Guannei, and after the establishment of Cao Wei, he was transferred to Shizhong and Shangshu; Zhang Yun, although there was no relevant record, must have received a corresponding reward.
Cao Cao's unashamed joke Liu Chun was like a pig and a dog, not knowing that there were countless invisible hands behind Liu Chun's back, pushing him to surrender and sacrifice Jingzhou. Although Liu Biao and Liu Chun's father and son did not have the ambition to dominate the world, at least brought jingzhou nearly 20 years of taiping prosperity, and the arrival of Cao Cao broke the tranquility of Jingzhou...
References: Notes on Pei Songzhi in romance of the Three Kingdoms, And Lu Simian in History of the Three Kingdoms