Sapphire (?) ―1393), a famous general of the Ming Dynasty. Lan Yu came from a famous family, or the brother-in-law of Chang Yuchun, the founding hero of the Ming Dynasty, and has been familiar with all kinds of art of war since he was a child, so he can be regarded as proficient in the art of war and tactics, and it is precisely because of these innate advantages that Lan Yu was appreciated by Zhu Yuanzhang and let him follow Xu Da and others to fight in the south and the north.
Lan Yu is the second-generation famous general of the Ming Dynasty, although his qualifications are not as old as Xu Da, Chang Yuchun, Li Wenzhong and other founding generals, but the merits established by Blue Jade can still be compared with these founding generals.
Thanks to his family background and the art of war learned from childhood, Lan Yu was already reused at a very young age, and later followed Xu Da to fight with the Northern Yuan army, although the Ming army was defeated miserably, but Lan Yu's performance on the battlefield was remarkable, attracting the attention of Xu Da and Zhu Yuanzhang.
- Outstanding combat achievements, comparable to the famous generals Wei Qing and Li Jing of the Han and Tang Dynasties
Since Chang Yuchun recommended blue jade to Zhu Yuanzhang, blue jade's performance has always made Zhu Yuanzhang quite satisfied. In Zhu Yuanzhang's mind, Blue Jade was one of the top masters of the Ming Dynasty, and because of this, Zhu Yuanzhang included Blue Jade in his chessboard.
After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Blue Jade began a series of conquests. He first followed Fu You Dexi in his expedition to Sichuan and successfully captured Chengdu, and then followed Zhu Yuanzhang to the northwest, and as a vanguard officer, he set out to attack Yanmen Pass, defeating the army of Timur and Quankuo at the Tula River one after another, inflicting heavy blows on his opponents.
Twelve years before Hongwu, Lan Yu fought mostly with a more important general, this year was the year when Lan Yu was made Marquis (in the 12th year of Hongwu, he was named Marquis of Yongchang by Zhu Yuanzhang), and it was also the year when he was truly the highest general of an army, and Mu Ying fought west against Gansu and Qinghai and won great victories. However, Lan Yu's military career has only just begun.
Two years later, Lan Yu participated in the southern expedition as Zuo's deputy general, took Kunming without much effort, and then calmed the entire territory of Yunnan in only about a hundred days.
The remnant Yuan force in the northeast Naha came out, still stubbornly resisted, and in the twenty years of Hongwu, Lanyu subdued the Yuan lieutenant Naha out, and was made a general and commanded all military affairs. In the same year, Timur, the grandson of Emperor Yuanshun, of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, accepted the wishes of the previous emperor and invaded the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, in the twenty-first year of Hongwu, Lan Yu led his troops north, deep into the desert, until he reached the Yuerhai, completely crushed the Northern Yuan, and also established the most important victory since leading the army. This victory allowed Lan Yu to obtain the title of Duke of Liangguo. His political and military prestige reached its peak.
- Proud of his achievements, the monarch began to crack
The blue jade merit that made great achievements in the fishing sea reached its peak. After the victory, the blue jade of the Hui dynasty was highly praised by Zhu Yuanzhang, compared to the famous Han and Tang generals Wei Qing and Li Jing, which was a privilege that even Xu Da, Chang Yuchun, Li Wenzhong and other old-timers did not get. Blue Jade was really a little floating, and the weaknesses in human nature began to burst out, and he gradually lost himself.
In July of the twenty-first year of Hongwu, a scandalous incident about blue jade reached Zhu Yuanzhang's ears. It turned out that he captured the concubine of Beiyuan Ancient Patchoul in the Battle of Yuerhai, and after that, Lan Yu forcibly possessed her, and the woman who was unwilling to be humiliated later hanged herself. Zhu Yuanzhang has always treated the Northern Yuan side with kindness to those who surrendered or captured prisoners in war, and the son of Aidara, who had been captured before, was also unconditionally released by him, in order to win the hearts of the people of the Northern Yuan in order to achieve the goal of attacking the hearts of "surrendering without a fight". Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang, who learned of this, sent an envoy to reproach him for his ugly deeds: "Lan Yu, you are so rude, how could it be the work of the great general?" ”
In August, Blue Jade returned to the dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang reprimanded Lan Yu in person: "You led the soldiers to the north, and you have the greatest merit." When the concubine comes, you can't treat her with courtesy, insult the concubine, and send someone to spy on the news secretly. Is this the way of human subjects? Now consider your merits great and forgive your sins. I hope that from now on you will improve your virtue and be cautious from the beginning. ”
Reprimand is reprimand, and reward is indispensable. Zhu Yuanzhang rewarded 2,000 taels of blue jade and silver, 1,000 bills, and 50 horses. At first, Zhu Yuanzhang planned to make him the Duke of Liang, but because of this, he eventually made him the Duke of Liang. Although the word is different, the meaning behind it is profound. It must be known that the country of Liang is the land of the Central Plains anointing Liang, and the country of Liang is a barren land of border plugs, and the change of this title obviously has the meaning of thin punishment. Not only that, Zhu Yuanzhang also engraved his fault on the Dan Book iron coupon that he gave to Lan Yu. Zhu Yuanzhang's meaning is very clear: don't think that your blue jade is high, the merit is very clear, and I will remember it for you in one stroke! The rift between the monarchs had quietly appeared at the moment when Blue Jade triumphed and returned to the dynasty.
Lan Yu can't figure out the status between himself and the Mongolian princess, in fact, it is equivalent to him not knowing the status gap between himself and Zhu Yuanzhang, this is a typical nobody, try to ask throughout the ages, which courtier who has no one in his eyes can finally end well?
This is human nature, and Lan Yu has lost her knowledge in her own merit book and power, and she can't figure out her position. We can look at the heroes who were killed in ancient times because they had no one in sight or because they had high merit, they all had one thing in common, that is, they were conscientious at the beginning, but later because they achieved some merit, they fluttered, forgot who they were, and were killed by the emperor, Han Xin during the Han Dynasty, Hou Junji during the Tang Dynasty, Hu Weiyong and Lan Yu during the Ming Dynasty, Nian Xinyao and others during the Qing Dynasty.
- Chu Jun died of illness, and the Wuren Group collapsed
During the conquest, Zhu Yuanzhang began to seek an heir, and Zhu Yuanzhang cultivated Empress Ma's eldest son Zhu Biao as a successor from a young age, and made the left prime minister Li Shanchang and the prince young master, the right prime minister Xu Da and the prince young fu, and Zhongshu Pingzhang recorded that the important affairs of the military state often met spring and the prince Shaobao, which shows Zhu Yuanzhang's importance to the crown prince Zhu Biao. Zhu Yuanzhang regarded him as the second emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and wholeheartedly condensed a top group of martial generals for him. Li Shanchang, Lan Yu and others were all capable ministers reserved by Zhu Yuanzhang for Zhu Biao, thinking that they could consolidate the position of the Zhu family after their son took the throne.
Originally, all this would have developed logically, the benevolent Prince Zhu Biao would inherit the throne, and Lan Yu would also assist him in achieving great deeds, but at this time, Prince Zhu Biao died of illness. However, Zhu Biao's physique was not good, and a wind chill killed him. Zhu Biao is dead, isn't Lan Yu sad? You know, Lan Yu is the wife and brother of Chang Yuchun, the king of Kaiping, and Chang Yuchun's daughter is married to the crown prince Zhu Biao, so calculated, Lan Yu is the uncle of Crown Prince. Lan Yu has worked hard all his life, and when he is old, he can become an imperial prince and state qi, isn't this exciting? Therefore, blue jade is also extremely protective of Zhu Biao.
Zhu Biao was dead, but in order for Prince Zhu Biao's lineage to inherit the throne, he let Prince Zhu Biao's son Zhu Yunjiang inherit the throne, which was later Emperor Jianwen, and the originally set group of military generals lost its use.
Zhu Yuanzhang's plan to slaughter heroes had begun ten years before Hongwu. Liao Yongzhong, the first hero killed for him, had already told the truth that he was "necessarily guilty" before he died, which revealed the helpless fate of every hero.
Zhu Yuanzhang only needs Wen Chen Wu to fight Jiangshan, and once Jiangshan sits firmly, these heroes will only bring a sense of crisis to the lord. Especially after sitting on the throne for more than twenty years, Zhu Yuanzhang knew that time was running out, and it happened that the victory of blue jade in Yuerhai officially ended the founding war in the early Ming Dynasty, and the use value left by the heroes was over.
The fact that Crown Prince Zhu Biao, who was deeply loved and trusted by Zhu Yuanzhang, died, and the new crown prince, Zhu Yunjiang, was young and weak, added some instability to the change of throne. When the grandson ascended the throne in this way, he would inevitably be bound by these heroes. This ultimately swallows up the last shred of room to retain meritorious heroes.
- Unscrupulously, the Blue Jade case quickly broke out, killing more than 15,000 people
cause
Lan Yu himself is arrogant and domineering, full of red light, and full of courage and strategy, has the talent of a general, and has made meritorious contributions many times. Taizu treated him very kindly, making Lan Yu gradually proud and complacent, getting carried away, and the crimes he committed were recorded by Zhu Yuanzhang one by one.
Blue jade beasts raised many Zhuang slaves, and these people were tyrannical and fierce with the power of blue jade. Lan Yu once seized the Mintian of Dongchang, and Yushi investigated and asked about it, and Lan Yu was furious and drove Yushi away.
Lan Yu raised many sons and held important positions in the army, and these sons only obeyed Lan Yu's orders, which made Zhu Yuanzhang's heart to kill him heavier.
Previously, Zhu Yuanzhang wanted to make Lan Yu the Duke of Liang, but because he made a mistake, he changed the seal of Liangdi, and also engraved his fault on the iron coupon. Lan Yu was still unrepentant and spoke arrogantly at the banquet serving the emperor.
Lan Yu arbitrarily removed and promoted officers in the army, acting arbitrarily, and the emperor rebuked him many times. He returned to the dynasty on his western expedition, and Taizu made him crown prince. Lan Yu was unhappy to be under the Dukes of Song and Ying, and said, "Can't I be qualified for the post of imperial master?" Wait until he enters the upward play. Taizu often did not listen to him, and he was even more unhappy.
In short, Lan Yu is self-congratulatory, arbitrary, lawless, arrogant, and uncourteous.
erupt
In the twenty-sixth year of Hongwu, Jinyiwei commanded Jiang Ying to denounce Lan Yu's rebellion, and after being imprisoned, the prison said that Cao Zhen, the Marquis of Jingchuan, Zhang Yi, the Marquis of Heshou, Zhu Shou, the Marquis of Dingyuan, Wang Bi, He Rong, the Dongxian Bo, and the officials Shangshu Zhan Hui, and Fu Youwen, the Hubu Shilang, planned to use Zhu Yuanzhang to launch a rebellion. Zhu Yuanzhang, Sui clan, Lanyu and so on.
finale
In the case of Lan Yu, the first duke, the thirteenth marquis, and the second uncle of the clan were implicated in more than 15,000 people who were killed. "The crime of conspiracy is generally to be executed by crushing and slashing, thinking that Lan Yu and himself are sons and daughters, Zhu Yuanzhang's heart softened, and lenient: broken scraping was changed to peeling. In this way, the executioner peeled off the entire human skin of General Lan Da's entire beard and tail, which was regarded as leaving the whole corpse, and sent the human skin to his daughter Princess Shu for "souvenirs".
The truth
The causes of the rebellion in the Blue Jade case, such as "History of Ming" and "Records of Emperor Taizu of Ming", are very simple, and can be summarized in these two points:
First, Lan Yu thinks that he is a small official, "Yu is not happy to live under the Song and Ying dukes, and says: "I can't bear the master."
Second, Lan Yu had played several things to Taizu, but Taizu did not listen, and Lan Yu thought that "I am suspicious".
And these two points as the reason for Blue Jade's counter-conspiracy is inevitably too simplistic.
According to the confession in the "Record of Rebellion", the reasons for Lan Yu's rebellion are, in addition to the two points listed in the "History of Ming" and so on:
(1) Lan Yu, as the general soldier at that time, controlled the military power of the world and had the strength to rebel;
(2) At that time, Taizu was already seriously ill, and the confessions of many people in the "Record of Rebellious Ministers" mentioned that Taizu was "riddled with illness", that the prince had just died, and that Taizu Yunjiang was still young, all of which provided objective conditions for Lan Yu to rebel;
(3) There are a group of people under Lan Yu who can fight in battle, "conquering the south and conquering the north", and the leaders of many prefectural troops and guards actively participate in Lan Yu's rebellion activities;
(4) Ye Sheng, the Marquis of Jingning, is Lan Yu's in-law, and he was killed by Taizu, so that Lan Yu also has the feeling that "the city gate is on fire and the pond fish are affected", which is probably the most favorable evidence to promote Lan Yu's rebellion.
The above four reasons are very sufficient, it seems that blue jade does have the possibility of rebellion, but the possibility is a possibility, has blue jade rebelled in history?
Mr. Lu Jinglin discussed this issue in the article "Blue Jade Party Case Examination". Mr. Lui analyzed from five aspects:
First, Blue Jade did not confess;
Second, there are many opinions on the time of rebellion;
Third, the nonsense fabricated story of Hu Weiyong Li Shanchang;
Fourth, the gate of the Duke of Liangguo's mansion;
Fifth, the specific date of the rebellion was revealed.
In the end, Mr. Lu concluded that Blue Jade did not rebel at all.
The Blue Jade and Kongyin cases, Guo Huan cases, and Hu Weiyong cases are collectively known as the "Four Major Hongwu Cases", and the "Blue Jade Case" and "Hu Weiyong Case" are all cases of conspiracy. The ultimate reason for the collapse of blue jade is Zhu Yuanzhang's purge of the ministers who have made great achievements, and no one in his eyes is the fuse, and Crown Prince Zhu Biao is his safety buckle, if Zhu Biao still exists, the martial arts group preset by Zhu Yuanzhang is established, and under the protection of the generous and benevolent princes, it may be able to be preserved. The young lord is young, the blue jade skill is high and the lord, the power is over the world, arrogant, no one in sight, and the blue jade will die.