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The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

author:Banana banana

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The Anshi Rebellion began in the last year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and was not pacified until the early years of Emperor Tang, lasting seven years. The war launched by the Tang Hu generals An Lushan and Shi Siming after they betrayed the Tang Dynasty was a civil war with the Tang Dynasty for dominance, and it was a turning point in the decline of Tang from prosperity to prosperity.

The beginning of the new century

In the early days of Tang Xuanzong's reign, the monarchs and subjects were one, the whole economy was rapidly prosperous, ushering in the "heyday of remembering the beginning of the New Century, Xiaoyi still hides ten thousand families." Rice is flowing fat and corn is white, public and private warehouses are abundant", "three years are counted, and all nations are moving towards Heluo".

During this period, the Tang Dynasty reached a very high level in all aspects, with unprecedented national strength, unprecedented social and economic prosperity, and a substantial increase in population, and the population of the Tang Dynasty reached 80 million during the Tianbao period. Commerce is very developed, domestic transportation extends in all directions, cities are prosperous, foreign trade is very active, Persian and big food merchants come to visit, Chang'an, Luoyang, Guangzhou and other metropolises of all colors and languages gather.

The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

With the passage of peace, national thieves have appeared frequently

The prosperity and strength of the country, the prosperity of the people, the unprecedented strength of the country, and the long-term peace of the society caused Tang Xuanzong to gradually lose the will to seek governance upward, and he began to indulge in pleasure, without the previous spirit of striving for good governance, nor the thrift wind during reform.

In 737, Emperor Xuanzong deposed and killed the three heirs of the crown prince Li Ying, the king of E, and Li Ju the king of Guang because of the rumors of his favored concubine Wuhui. Later, Concubine Wu Hui died of illness, Li Longji slept restlessly day and night, and although there were many beautiful people in the harem, none of them could satisfy him.

Emperor Xuanzong heard that Yang Yuhuan, the concubine of Concubine Wuhui's son Li Qi the Prince of Shou, was extremely beautiful and gorgeous, so he summoned her into the palace regardless of any etiquette, Yang Yuhuan knew the rhythm of music, was also very intelligent, and was also good at singing and dancing, which was very popular with Emperor Xuanzong.

In 742, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang changed the name of the year to Tianbao, and began to be extravagant and profligate. There were countless rewards for the harem, and Emperor Xuanzong not only did not ask the source of these funds, but became more and more generous to Wang Li and others who were favored by him.

At this time, the sage minister Zhang Jiuling had been deposed, and died soon after, and at this time it was Li Linfu who served as the commander of the Zhongshu, Li Linfu was known as the honey-belly sword, and he tried in every possible way to get rid of anyone whose talent was above him and valued by the emperor; and jealous of learned men, and he is friendly to learned people on the surface, but secretly conspires to frame them; He also bribed Emperor Xuanzong's left and right, so that Emperor Xuanzong's every move could be controlled by him, so that he could take various measures at any time to meet Emperor Xuanzong's needs.

The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

Because Emperor Xuanzong ignored political affairs and handed over the imperial government to the prime minister, Li Linfu's yang and yin methods played a very good role, and Emperor Xuanzong became more and more favored by him, and every time there was a royal meal and a distant delicacy in the palace, he ordered the eunuchs to reward him in the palace.

During Li Linfu's control of the imperial government, he threatened the counsellors with the words of the imperial guard, resulting in no one daring to speak out and argue with the central counselors; and ostracized the virtuous and framed the talented ministers, causing the dynasty to become disordered; In view of the precedent of Zhang Jiazhen and others going to the border pass as a general during the New Year, and entering the dynasty as a phase, in order to consolidate his power, he suggested to Emperor Xuanzong to reuse the generals, so that Gao Xianzhi, Geshuhan and other ethnic minority generals became independent generals, but it also allowed An Lushan to control Hebei for a long time, laying hidden dangers for the outbreak of the Anshi Rebellion in the future.

In 745, Emperor Xuanzong named Yang Yuhuan as a noble concubine, and in order to please Yang Guifei and cater to Yang Guifei's love of clothing, he specially set up more than 700 people to make clothes for him; In order to allow Yang Guifei to eat her favorite lychees, several thousand ligong roads were opened from Lingnan to Chang'an, the capital city, so that the lychees could be quickly transported to Chang'an by fast horse in time. With Yang Guifei, Li Longji's luxury became more and more prosperous, and ministers, nobles, and clansmen voted for Yang Guifei's favor in order to curry favor with the emperor, and stimulated more bureaucrats and nobles to meet and greet.

And Yang Guifei's relatives and sisters also became prosperous because of Yang Guifei's favor, and his clan brother Yang Guozhong (real name Yang Zhao, asked Emperor Xuanzong to change his name to show loyalty, and Emperor Xuanzong gave the name Guozhong) in less than a year, as fifteen envoys, became a heavy minister of the imperial court, and later served as a member of the Du branch and served as an attendant, converting grain from all over the world into light goods and sending it to Jingshi to enrich the treasury, and exchange the world's righteous warehouses and taxes for cloth to enrich the treasury of the Son of Heaven.

Later Emperor Xuanzong summoned the official secretary to look at Zuozang Treasury, saw the goods and coins piled up, and gave Yang Guozhong Ziyi and Goldfish, who were in charge of finances, in person, and also acted as the secretary of the imperial government. After that, he was more and more favored by Tang Xuanzong.

Later, Yang Guozhong held a grudge against Li Linfu because Li Linfu recommended Wang Li, who was also a Cheng in the imperial history, as the imperial history doctor, rather than himself, and Wang Li's brother plotted to cause chaos, Yang Guozhong was ordered to interrogate, secretly implicating Li Linfu, causing Emperor Xuanzong to alienate Li Linfu, and soon after Li Linfu became angry because Emperor Xuanzong promised Yang Guozhong to be transferred to Jiannan Jiedu and promoted him to prime minister after his return, and died soon after.

The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

After Li Linfu's death, Emperor Xuanzong appointed Yang Guozhong as the Right Minister of the Right Chancellor, serving as more than forty envoys, and as his status increased, Yang Guozhong also became extravagant and corrupt in life. Whenever they accompanied Emperor Xuanzong and Yang Guifei to visit the Xinghua Qing Palace, the Yang sisters always gathered at Yang Guozhong's house first, competing to decorate the carriages and horses, they decorated with gold and jadeite, and decorated with pearls and beautiful jade.

Under Yang Guozhong's dictatorship, the entire Tang Dynasty began to become chaotic, and in the face of various social problems, Emperor Xuanzong had no intention of changing his course, still indulged in wine, and even launched a series of wars abroad. First, relations between the west and Tubo deteriorated, and there were casualties after the war began, which damaged the harmonious and friendly relations that had always been achieved. The second is to attack the Nanzhao Kingdom in the southwest. Due to the arrogance of the border generals, the conflict that should have been quelled escalated day by day, and as a result, the Tang Dynasty conscripted troops and Nanzhao went to war, and as many as 200,000 Tang soldiers died of battle and disease.

The superficial singing and dancing during the Tianbao years could not hide the potential social crisis, due to the development of the feudal economy, land annexation was accelerated, and many people migrated into exile, and the destruction of the average field system also caused peasants to lose their land and become displaced.

And Tang Xuanzong lived a desolate and decadent life with Yang Guifei all day long, Yang Guifei's family was overwhelmed by the world, squandering at will, and the annual fat powder money was millions, and the decay of the ruling class increased the burden of the people and promoted the aggravation of social contradictions.

The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

An and Yang contended

Yang Guozhong was favored by his sister Yang Guifei, and as a rising upstart during the Tianbao period, he was deeply favored by Emperor Xuanzong and promoted to the position of Right Minister Zhongshu Ling to handle state affairs.

During Li Linfu's reign, An Lushan was appointed as a Hu envoy to Pinglu Jiedu, bribing officials with generous gifts in exchange for good words in the dynasty, which also made Emperor Xuanzong trust and love him more. Later, An Lushan succeeded Pei Kuan and concurrently served as Fan Yang Jiedu Envoy, and under the kind words of the interview envoy, the deposed envoy and other ministers, Emperor Xuanzong's favor for An Lushan became more unswerving.

After that, An Lushan did everything possible to please Emperor Xuanzong and Yang Guifei, and even asked to be Yang Guifei's adopted son, and when he learned that Emperor Xuanzong was going to open a new bath in Huaqing Palace, he immediately made a fish dragon goose from white jade in Fanyang, as well as stone lotus flowers, and placed them in the pool, which was very popular with Emperor Xuanzong.

In 751, An Lushan entered the palace to worship Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, and asked to serve as the envoy of Hedong Jiedu, and Emperor Xuanzong of Tang granted it to him, so that An Lushan also served as the envoy of Pinglu, Fanyang, and Hexi Towns, and Emperor Xuanzong trusted him beyond words.

An Lushan was more afraid of Li Linfu, who was sophisticated in the dynasty, and every time An Lushan entered the palace to pray to Emperor Xuanzong about government affairs, whenever he talked with Li Linfu, Li Linfu always felt An Lushan's mind and said it first, An Lushan thought that he knew everything like a god, and every time he saw Li Linfu, even in the middle of winter, he was afraid and sweaty.

The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

In 752, Prime Minister Li Linfu died of illness, and after Yang Guozhong succeeded Yang Guozhong as Right Chancellor Zhongshu Ling, An Lushan did not take Yang Guozhong seriously. After Yang Guozhong took over as prime minister, he fought with An Lushan for power and interests, and seeing that An Lushan could not be subdued, he often told Emperor Xuanzong that An Lushan had ambitions and signs of rebellion, but Emperor Xuanzong thought that this was a discord and ignored it. Yang Guozhong failed to make a plan and made another plan, and asked the northwestern faction Longyou Jiedu Envoy Geshuhan and Hexi Jiedu Envoy to make friends with Geshuhan's faction and reject and contain An Lushan.

In 754, Emperor Xuanzong still listened to Yang Guozhong's advice and summoned An Lushan to the dynasty to test whether he had the intention of rebelling. An Lushan, because he had received a message from Yang Guifei in advance, made a plan and pretended to tell Emperor Xuanzong about his "red heart", winning Emperor Xuanzong's trust even more, intending to make An Lushan the prime minister, but was dissuaded by Yang Guozhong, saying that although An Lushan had military merits, he was illiterate, how could he be the prime minister. If the book is issued, I am afraid that all four people will despise the imperial court. Emperor Xuanzong gave up.

After An Lushan learned this, he went to Huaqing Palace to meet Tang Xuanzong, and took the opportunity to cry and say: "I am a foreigner, I can't read Chinese characters, and the emperor has promoted me beyond the ranks, so that Yang Guozhong wants to kill me." Emperor Xuanzong of Tang was more intimate and lenient to him, so he appointed him a high-ranking official of Zuo Servant and let him leave.

Anshi Rebellion

An Lushan left Chang'an, and by this point, the contradictions between the local warlord forces represented by him and the powerful forces led by Yang Guozhong and with the central Tang Dynasty became more acute.

In 755, An Lushan united with Luo, Xi, Khitan, Murwei, Turkic and other ethnic groups to form a total of 150,000 soldiers, claiming to be 200,000, under the pretext of "worrying about the danger of the country" and fighting Yang Guozhong in secret edicts as an excuse to raise troops in Fanyang. At that time, the Tang court undertook peace for a long time, and the people did not know about the war, and Hebei Prefecture immediately collapsed, and the local county order either fled or surrendered. The people of Taiyuan and Dongshoucheng reported An Lushan for rebellion, but Emperor Xuanzong still believed that it was a lie made up by people who disliked An Lushan, and did not believe it.

The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

Later, Emperor Xuanzong finally believed that An Lushan had rebelled, discussed countermeasures with Yang Guozhong, and ordered Anxi Jiedu to make Feng Changqing defend the eastern capital Luoyang, and recruit troops to defend Luoyang, and at the same time, with his sixth son Li Wan the Prince of Rong as the marshal and the right Jinwu general Gao Xianzhi as the deputy marshal, he recruited troops in Chang'an and marched against An Lushan in the east.

However, because Luoyang and Chang'an were all disciples of Shijing, lacked combat experience, and had not been trained, An Lushan's army, although slightly hindered, still defeated the Eastern Expeditionary Army sent by Emperor Xuanzong and captured the eastern capital Luoyang, where An Lushan declared himself Emperor of Dayan and changed to Shengwu.

After the fall of Luoyang, Emperor Xuanzong listened to the false accusations of the eunuchs of the superintendent army, killed the generals Feng Changqing and Gao Xianzhi who had retreated to Tongguan, and made Geshuhan, who was sick and abandoned at home, Geshuhan the deputy marshal of the army and horses, and ordered him to lead an army of 200,000 to guard Tongguan. The terrain of Tongguan is treacherous, easy to defend and difficult to attack. After Geshuhan entered Tongguan, he immediately strengthened the city's defenses, deepened the ditch and high stronghold, closed the pass, and repelled An Lushan's attacks several times, blocking the enemy for several months.

An Lushan saw that the strong attack could not work, so he hid the elite soldiers, only showing some of the old, weak and sick soldiers, hoping to lure Geshuhan to abandon the danger and go to battle. Emperor Xuanzong received that the number of rebels was small and most of them old and weak, so he ordered Geshuhan to send troops to recover the lost territory. Geshuhan bluntly said that this was a strategy for the rebels to lure our army to attack, and the rebels worked on an expedition, and it was beneficial to move quickly. The officials and troops resisted them with the dangers of Tongguan, and Li was holding on. And the rebels are tyrannical, lose popular support, and are declining, and soon civil strife will occur, and then they can be captured without a fight.

At this time, Shuofang Jiedu made Guo Ziyi and Hebei Jiedu make Li Guangbi attack Shi Siming's army that had rebelled with An Lushan in Hebei, and achieved many victories, and the two also persuaded Emperor Xuanzong that the pass should only be held and not taken lightly, and he and the two led the Shuo Fang army north to take Fanyang and directly to the rebels' lair, which could cause the rebels to collapse internally.

However, Prime Minister Yang Guozhong suspected that Geshuhan was trying to seek his own sake, so he told Tang Xuanzong that Geshuhan would miss the opportunity if he did not move. Emperor Xuanzong believed the rumors, ignored Guo and Li's strategy, and successively sent messengers to urge Geshuhan to fight. Geshuhan was forced to helplessly cry.

The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

Geshuhan was forced to lead his troops out of the pass and met Cui Qianyou's troops under An Lushan in the western plain of Lingbao, which was backed by mountains to the south and the Yellow River to the north, with a narrow mountain road 70 miles long in the middle. Cui Qianyou ambushed the elite soldiers on the southern mountain in advance and led his troops to a decisive battle with the Tang army.

The two armies intersected, and the Tang army, seeing that the rebels were in disarray, wanted to flee, so they drove straight forward, but were lured into the pass. The rebels sprang up and threw rolling stones from the mountain, and the Tang sergeants crowded the pass, difficult to deploy, and suffered many casualties. Goshuhan ordered the felt cart to charge in front and tried to open an approach, but was blocked by the grass cart burned by the rebels by arson. The Tang army was dazzled by the smoke and flames, could not see the target clearly, thinking that the rebels were in the thick smoke, so they fired crossbow arrows indiscriminately, and did not know the plan until sunset.

At this time, Cui Qianyou ordered Luo Jing to ride from the southern valley back to the back of the official army to kill, the Tang army was attacked back and forth, chaotic, some abandoned their armor and fled into the valley, some were squeezed into the Yellow River and drowned, and the desperate cries were terrifying and miserable. Seeing the great defeat of the former army, the Tang Houjun collapsed without a fight. The Tang army on the north bank of the Yellow River saw that the situation was unfavorable and also collapsed. Geshuhan fled with only a few hundred horses and crossed the Yellow River west into Tongguan.

The Tang army had nearly 200,000 troops, and only more than 8,000 fled back to Tongguan. Soon after, Cui Qianyou captured Tongguan. Geshuhan withdrew to Kansai Station, posted a list to recruit the lost pawns, and wanted to continue guarding. However, the Tubo generals under his command advised him to surrender to An Lushan, but after being refused, he launched a mutiny, binding Geshuhan and the rest of the generals who did not want to surrender, and took them with him to surrender to An Lushan.

After that, An Lushan's rebels drove straight in and captured the Tang capital Chang'an. Before the fall of Chang'an, Emperor Xuanzong fled in panic, and when he arrived at Ma Huangpo, the accompanying soldiers mutinied, killed Yang Guozhong, and forced Li Longji to hang Yang Guifei, and finally Emperor Xuanzong fled to Chengdu, and the crown prince Li Heng fled to Shuofang, and in July 756, the crown prince Li Heng, supported by the generals of all sides, assumed the throne in Lingwu, for Emperor Suzong of Tang, and honored Emperor Xuanzong as Emperor Taishang, and changed the yuan to virtue.

Emperor Suzong recruited more than 10,000 elite soldiers from Hexi and Anxi, and transferred back to the Hebei front Shuofang Jiedu to Guo Ziyi and Hebei Jiedu to make Li Guangbi's 50,000 troops, and then appointed imperial officials and generals, established a new military system, and made comprehensive arrangements to fight the rebels.

The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

An Lushan originally suffered from an eye disease, and since the beginning of the army, his vision has gradually declined, and since then, he has lost sight in both eyes and cannot see any objects. At the same time, he suffered from furuncles, and his temperament became particularly irritable, and he was slightly unsatisfactory with the left and right attendants, either hitting or scolding. The slightest mistake kills.

He claimed that the empress was always in the deep palace, and the generals could rarely meet him to discuss matters, all of which were conveyed through Yan Zhuang. Although Yan Zhuang was respected, he was also flogged by An Lushan from time to time. The eunuch Li Zhu'er often dressed An Lushan and served left and right, and he was beaten the most and had great resentment. An Lushan's favored Duan clan gave birth to a son named Qing'en, who was also favored by Lushan, and often wanted to replace Qingxu with Qing'en. An Qingxu was often worried about being deposed, and Yan Zhuang was also afraid that the incident in the palace would be unfavorable to him, so Yan Zhuang conspired with An Qingxu and Li Zhu'er to murder An Lushan.

Battle of Suiyang

In the first month of 757, An Qingxu colluded with Yan Zhuang and Li Zhu'er, and Li Zhu'er went straight into the tent with a large knife and killed An Lushan. His son An Qingxu succeeded to the throne and ordered Shi Siming to return to Fanyang, leaving Cai Xide and others to continue to besiege Taiyuan, and at the same time, with Yin Ziqi as Henan envoy, he led 130,000 people to the south and led an army to sweep Henan, at this time Henan towns fell, but the military town of Suiyang did not fall.

Suiyang Taishou Xu Yuan told Zhang Patrol that he was anxious. Because Ningling City was small, it was difficult for Zhang Patrol to resist strong enemies, so Zhang Patrol led 3,000 troops from Ningling into Suiyang, and joined forces with Xu Yuan for more than 6,000 people. Yin Ziqi went all out to attack the city, Zhang Xun led the generals, fought hard day and night, sometimes repelled more than 20 rebel attacks in one day, fought continuously for 16 days and nights, captured more than 60 rebel generals, killed more than 20,000 soldiers, and doubled the morale of the defenders.

Xu Yuan was both wise and brave because of Zhang Patrol, so he defended the city himself, handed over the operational command to Zhang Patrol, and was responsible for the logistical support work such as transferring military food and repairing combat equipment, and the battle planning was all from Zhang Patrol. The two worked closely together, so that the rebels could not attack for a long time, and could only besiege but not attack.

The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

In October, the defenders of Suiyang were exhausted by illness and starvation, and the city was overwhelmed by rebels, and Zhang Xun and his troops were killed. The defenders of Suiyang survived for ten months, blocked half of Jianghuai for ten months, and saved Jianghuai from war for ten months. Before and after the Battle of Suiyang, there were more than 400 battles, and Zhang Xun repeatedly defeated the thief soldiers with less than 10,000 people, but none of them lost, killing and wounding more than 100,000 thief soldiers.

Previously, Guo Ziyi and Li Guangbi, the envoy of Hebei Jiedu, had repeatedly defeated the rebel Shi Siming in Hebei, and only returned under the recall of Emperor Suzong, causing Shi Siming's army to regain its arrogance and occupy the counties of Hebei.

Before the Battle of Suiyang, Shi Siming, Cai Xide, Gao Xiuyan and other troops combined with 100,000 troops to attack Taiyuan, and An Qingxu's father became emperor, Shi Siming led his army back to Boling, and was named the king of Yuchuan County and the envoy of Fanyang Jiedu by An Qingxu, and also led the military of Hengyang, giving the name An Rongguo. Fan Yang was originally the old nest of An's, and most of the treasures plundered by An Lushan from Chang'an and Luoyang were transported here for storage, and they were already piled up. Shi Siming gradually became rich and arrogant, wanting to take Fan Yang for himself, and did not want to be controlled by An Qingxu anymore.

Suiyang held out for 10 months, during which time the imperial court continued to receive financial assistance from Jianghuai, and completed the process of recovery and preparation for counteroffensive. In February 757, Emperor Suzong toured Fengxiang County in the south and learned that An Lushan was dead, so he sent an envoy to Hui Lu, married Hui Su, and asked them to send troops to fight the rebels. In the same month, Shuofang Jiedu caused Guo Ziyi to conquer Hedong Commandery, and the rebel general Cui Qianyou quietly fled south.

In August, 3,000 Hui reinforcements arrived to fight with the Tang army. In September, Li Yu, the king of Guangping, led the combined forces of the Bo and Han dynasties to retake Chang'an in the western capital, and the corpses of the rebels were piled up. In October, Suiyang was lost, and the Tang army took advantage of the recapture of Chang'an, fought the rebels at Quwo in the west of Shaanxi County, defeated the rebels in Xindian, pursued and killed 20 li, destroyed more than 100,000 Yan troops, and laid out corpses for 30 li.

The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

After the Battle of Shaanxi County, An Qingxu fled from Luoyang with only 1,300 men to Xiangzhou Ye County, so the Tang army took advantage of the situation to recapture Luoyang, and sent troops to capture Hanoi, forcing the rebel general Yan Zhuang to land. An Qingxu regrouped after arriving at Ye, and between the end of the month, he sent Cai Xide from Shangdang, Tian Chengsi from Yingchuan, and Wu Lingxun from Nanyang, each of them to meet with Yecheng, together with the recruits recruited by An Qingxu in Hebei County, totaling about 60,000 people.

In December, An Qingxu, fearful of Shi Siming's prosperous momentum, sent an envoy to Fan Yang to transfer troops. Shi Siming imprisoned An Qingxu's envoy, and with his 13 counties and 80,000 soldiers to surrender to Tang, he was awarded by Tang as an envoy to Fan Yang. In April 758, Shi Siming had a lot of dealings with the rebels in private, coupled with his constant recruitment, which alerted Emperor Suzong of Tang, so he sent people to secretly kill Shi Siming, and after the failure of the matter, Shi Siming rebelled again.

In September 758, Emperor Suzong of Tang sent Guo Ziyi and nine other jiedu to lead 200,000 infantry cavalry to attack Xiangzhou, which was entrenched by Anqingxu, and ordered Li Guangbi and Wang Sili to lead their troops to assist, with the eunuch Yu Chaoen as the consolation of the army and supervise the actions of all armies.

In October, the Tang army crossed the Yellow River north, attacked Weizhou, ambushed by crossbowmen, defeated An Qingxu and led 70,000 reinforcements, conquered Weizhou and killed the rebel general An Qinghe, randomly took advantage of the momentum, defeated the rebels in Chousigang, southwest of Yecheng, and beheaded more than 30,000 of them. An Qingxu retreated to Yecheng, surrounded by Tang troops, and urgently sent people to ask Shi Siming for help, Xu Yi abdicated. Shi Siming led 130,000 troops from Fanyang to the south to save Yecheng, and 10,000 advance infantry cavalry entered Fuyang to support him.

The turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline - The Anshi Rebellion (Part I)

In December, Shi Siming went south of Xiangzhou to attack Weizhou, and Weizhou caused Cui Guangyuan to flee south, and after capturing Weizhou, Shi Siming waited and watched. In the first month of 759, Shi Siming proclaimed himself the King of Yan and established the year name.

The Tang army of 200,000 besieged Yecheng, which was later increased to 600,000, but due to Emperor Suzong's weakness and suspicion, the armies did not have a commander, so that the war could not be dragged on for a long time. Li Guangbi suggested that he divide his forces to force Weizhou, and each defeat the rebels, and Yu Chao would not accept it. In March 759, the Tang army, known as 600,000, was deployed north of the Anyang River.

Shi Siming personally led 50,000 elite soldiers to fight fiercely with the Tang army, and both sides suffered heavy casualties. Guo Ziyi led his army to follow, but before the formation could be formed, the wind suddenly rose, the sky was dark, and both armies retreated in shock. The Tang army retreated south, but the retreat could not be stopped, Guo Ziyi's troops retreated to Heyang Bridge, and the rest of the troops retreated to their towns.

Shi Siming gathered his troops to garrison the south of Yecheng, booby-trapped An Qingxu and his subordinates Gao Shang, Cui Qianyou and others, entered the city and annexed his army, leaving his son Shi Chaoyi to defend Yecheng, and returned Fanyang to fight against the Tang army.

At this point, the forces of the An clan in the Anshi Rebellion collapsed, and only the Shi Siming Department continued to confront the Tang Dynasty.