"Only the original source, there is a source of living water"

■ Reporter Zheng Jinwu

A few days ago, the nineteenth meeting of the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform (hereinafter referred to as the meeting of the Central Committee for Deepening Reform) deliberated and adopted the "Guiding Opinions on Improving the Evaluation Mechanism of Scientific and Technological Achievements" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guiding Opinions"), which emphasized the need to improve the evaluation mechanism of scientific and technological achievements; incorporate the transformation performance of scientific and technological achievements into the evaluation of the innovation ability of universities, scientific research institutions, and state-owned enterprises, and refine and improve the evaluation policy of job scientific and technological achievements that are conducive to transformation.

"The improvement of the evaluation mechanism of scientific and technological achievements has a guiding and guiding role in promoting the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements." Guo Shugui, president of the China Technology Exchange, has been engaged in the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements for many years and has a personal experience of the importance of the evaluation of scientific and technological achievements.

"China Science News" interviewed relevant people, most of whom said that the "Guiding Opinions" will provide a scientific "baton" for scientific and technological innovation, and will also make the road to the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements smoother.

Scientific and reasonable "baton"

The meeting of the Central Committee for Deep Reform pointed out that since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee has deployed to promote the reform of the scientific and technological evaluation system, and the evaluation orientation of scientific and technological achievements focusing on the "four aspects" has been gradually established, and an environment for encouraging innovation is taking shape, which has led to a significant improvement in China's scientific and technological innovation capabilities. At the same time, the classification of scientific and technological achievements evaluation system has not yet been established, and the problems of single indicators, quantitative standards, and utilitarian results still exist to varying degrees.

Peng Shou, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and chief engineer of China National Building Materials Group Co., Ltd., has been engaged in glass research for a long time, mainly serving enterprise production. He found that although researchers have helped solve many production problems, it is a common phenomenon in the field that their own research work has not been able to publish papers and produce "decent" results for a long time.

The issuance of the Guiding Opinions is expected to change this situation. "This will motivate scientific researchers to stand up when the country and the people need it most, open up the channel from strong science and technology to strong enterprises, from the innovation chain to the industrial chain, and make up for the shortcomings of national scientific and technological innovation with the spirit of ten years of grinding a sword, and solve the problem of 'card neck'." Peng Shou said.

A more scientific and reasonable "baton" of achievement evaluation can motivate researchers to truly treat scientific research as a career. Peng Shou said: "China National Building Materials Group has a good accumulation in basic building materials, the country hopes that we have greater development in inorganic materials and basic materials, we are now actively participating in the research and development of carbon fiber composite fuselage of large aircraft." ”

"The Guiding Opinions further emphasize the criteria for scientific and technological evaluation based on the value and contribution of achievements, and unify the cognition from the height of ideology, that is, the value of scientific and technological achievements lies in whether they reflect the 'four aspects' and whether they effectively solve the objective problems existing in scientific cognition, technological progress and social development." Zhang Yanqi, director of the Industrial Planning Department of the Institute of Physical and Chemical Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told China Science Daily.

"Only if the original source is clear, there is a source of living water." Zhang Yanqi said, "The Guiding Opinions are of great guiding significance for guiding the scientific and technological community to further deepen the results-oriented awareness and clarify the ideological understanding that only articles, only awards, only 'hats' and only professional titles that have existed in the past in scientific and technological evaluation that are not fully in line with the value of scientific and technological achievements." ”

Evaluation and pricing are hard

The "Guiding Opinions" emphasizes that the performance of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements should be included in the evaluation of the innovation ability of universities, scientific research institutions and state-owned enterprises, and the evaluation policies for job scientific and technological achievements that are conducive to transformation should be refined and improved.

Zhang Yanqi said that the "Guiding Opinions" guide the scientific and technological community to take the practical cognition and objectivity and solve the problem as the starting point of the work, which has a guiding role in promoting the scientific and technological interface to solve problems to economic and social development and producing innovative achievements that have substantial contributions to the industry and the country.

In the process of transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, "how to reasonably evaluate and price the results is a very difficult thing." Guo Shugui introduced that the China Technology Exchange has long carried out the value assessment of scientific and technological achievements. Previously, the China Technology Exchange had joined hands with the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other units to explore the form of "technology patent auction" to allow the market to evaluate and price scientific and technological achievements.

In the view of Zhu Nan, director of the Zhongguancun Trina Science and Technology Achievements Transformation Promotion Center, in the process of transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, technology transfer institutions should strengthen the evaluation and capacity building of scientific and technological achievements.

"At present, most of China's technology transfer institutions are facing the dilemma of imperfect functions and inability to master the various ways of transforming scientific and technological achievements, especially in some projects, which require authoritative evaluation and valuation of scientific and technological achievements. Zhu Nan said.

The level of intermediary institutions is uneven, the internal transfer and transformation mechanism is not yet perfect, and the services provided lack professionalism, which is difficult to meet the requirements of high-quality achievement transformation. Therefore, "improving the classification and evaluation system of scientific and technological achievements is of great benefit to improving the service capacity of technology transfer institutions."

Zhu Nan said that especially for different types of achievements such as basic research, applied research, and technology development, the development of classified and detailed evaluation standards can effectively enhance the authority and professionalism of technology transfer institutions, help staff engaged in transfer and transformation to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the scientific, technological, economic, social and cultural values of scientific and technological achievements, and ultimately improve the success rate of scientific and technological achievements transfer and transformation.

The "Guiding Opinions" put forward that it is necessary to accelerate the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements, accelerate the construction of a high-level technology trading market, and increase financial investment support for the transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements.

In this regard, Zhang Yanqi said: "Useful and good scientific and technological achievements, under today's market economy system, will basically be well applied, but to transform some original things into applications, it is necessary for the government and social financial capital to make up for the broken part of the chain on the capital chain." ”

Changed to the market "singing the protagonist"

The "Guiding Opinions" proposes to accelerate the construction of a pluralistic evaluation system in which the government, social organizations, enterprises, investment and financing institutions participate together, actively develop market-oriented evaluation, highlight the status of enterprise innovation subjects, standardize third-party evaluation, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of various evaluation subjects.

"In the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the most direct way to judge whether a scientific and technological achievement is to put it on the market to see." Yan Zhenjun, a professor at the Institute of Economics and Resource Management of Beijing Normal University, said that for some applied research and technology development projects, the market should be allowed to test the value of the results.

Zhao Nan, executive deputy director of the National Technology Transfer Center in Beijing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that since 2016, China has been exploring and establishing a market-oriented evaluation mechanism for new scientific and technological achievements, and the evaluation of new scientific and technological achievements has been changed by the market to "sing the protagonist".

"This original intention is good, but it has not been really promoted in recent years, and there are many reasons, such as the difficulty of guaranteeing independent status, uneven evaluation ability, lack of procedural rules, and incomplete evaluation indicators, which have brought challenges to the evaluation of scientific and technological achievements." Zhao Nan believes that "we still have a certain distance from establishing a truly effective evaluation system, and there is still room for improvement." Therefore, the establishment and improvement of the evaluation mechanism of scientific and technological achievements is of great significance and value for promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. ”

Over the years, the vast number of scientific and technological workers have practiced writing papers on the motherland. The team led by Peng Shou has successively carried out research in the field of "card neck" such as new display glass and vaccine glass tube, and has made remarkable progress. He has mentioned many times: "The results are not feasible, not just rely on papers to speak; it is to make enterprises feel that our glass line!" Available! ”

In Zhu Nan's view, since the evaluation of scientific and technological achievements usually involves intellectual property rights, technological development, legal finance, enterprise management, business markets, etc., the value of scientific and technological achievements at different stages is different, to solve the problems of "what to evaluate", "who to evaluate", "how to evaluate" and "how to use", first of all, we must vigorously advocate market-oriented evaluation.

"Let all kinds of evaluation subjects combine their own advantages and characteristics, actively participate in the evaluation, put forward their own theories and methods in a targeted manner, and constantly verify and explore innovation in practical work, avoid the emergence of the phenomenon of rushing for quick success and blindly following the trend in the evaluation of scientific and technological achievements, and truly integrate the evaluation of scientific and technological achievements with economic development." Zhu Nan said.

Some relevant people also pointed out that at present, the evaluation and research of the ability of enterprise scientific and technological achievements in China is still blank, and it is necessary to make a special evaluation of the ability of enterprises to undertake scientific and technological achievements to reduce and avoid misjudgments in the process of cooperation between scientific research institutions and enterprises.

Zhu Nan said: "The transformation of achievements involves three major links: supply side, service side and demand side, which is a more complex system engineering, and only through the whole chain can it be effective." The evaluation of the scientific and technological innovation ability of enterprises, especially the evaluation of research and development capabilities, transformation capabilities, enterprise management capabilities, and external conditions support capabilities, plays an important role in the participants' full understanding and mastery of the enterprise's ability to undertake. ”

Source: China Science Daily