A few days ago, the third excavation of the Terracotta Army No. 1 pit announced a number of archaeological results.
The Terracotta Army of the First Emperor Qin Emperor Mausoleum is known as the "Eighth Wonder of the World" and "One of the Greatest Discoveries in the History of Archaeology in the Twentieth Century".
However, the Terracotta Army of Qin Shi Huang is only a burial pit in the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang!!!!
At the heart of the museum is the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, a daunting grand project. According to the "Records of History", the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang employed more than 700,000 migrant workers and took 39 years to complete.
However, this ancient tomb of great historical value has not been fully opened until now.
The mausoleum is not only large, but also has a wonderful anti-theft mechanism, and there have been many attempts by tomb robbers in history to open the mausoleum, but all of them have failed. Although modern technology has been quite developed, it is still impossible to unlock the passwords and totems in it, so it is still an insurmountable technical problem to open the door of the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor.
Nowadays, with the rapid development of science and technology, the call to explore the Mausoleum of the First Emperor is getting louder and louder.
However, the excavation of the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor is quite difficult, mainly for three reasons:
1. First of all, the mercury content seriously exceeds the standard.
In the early 80s, archaeologists conducted large-scale mercury tests on the Mausoleum of the First Emperor, and the results showed that the mercury content in the sealed soil was unusually high, according to expert estimates, the entire Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor exceeded 100 tons. This is the true portrayal of the phrase "mercury as a hundred rivers and seas" in the "History". Although Qin Shi Huang's original intention of using mercury was not to prevent theft, but to create natural landscapes and prove noble identity, it also brought great challenges to the exploration of future generations.
Secondly, it is extremely difficult to dig. The Mausoleum of the First Emperor is huge, covering a total area equivalent to about 78 Forbidden Palaces. The facilities and structures in the mausoleum are also extremely complex, and how to effectively excavate and explore under the premise of protecting cultural relics is a difficult problem to solve.
Therefore, for those who want to excavate the tomb of the First Emperor, the mercury content and the difficulty of excavation are problems that cannot be ignored. Exploring the Mausoleum of the First Emperor requires not only the support of technology and equipment, but also scientific planning and strict protection measures. After all, we inherited this historical heritage and should do our best to protect it.
2. The organs and facilities in the mausoleum of the First Emperor are impossible to prevent.
There is a sentence in the literature: "Let the craftsman make a crossbow arrow, and those who have some penetration will shoot it", which describes that there are organs everywhere in the mausoleum. Although two thousand years have passed, it is not known whether these institutions are still functioning. With such high-intensity security measures, who dares to rob the tomb easily?
Therefore, it can be seen from this point that the difficulty of exploring the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor can be described as astronomical. Of course, in addition to the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, the Qianling tomb where Emperor Gaozong of Tang Li Zhi and Wu Zetian were buried together is also a mysterious imperial mausoleum that cannot be explored. Why? Because the entrance to the tomb of Qianling cannot be found at all.
3. The relevant departments do not allow excavation! Here we have to mention a historical event: the archaeology of Dingling.
Dingling is the tomb of Zhu Yijun, the Wanli Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and the reason why the archaeological team chose to excavate Dingling is very simple, wanting to accumulate experience through the excavation of Dingling, so as to be more handy when excavating other Ming imperial tombs. However, during the excavation process, the archaeological team encountered many problems, such as casualties, the appearance of tomb robbers, the destruction of cultural relics and so on. In the end, the archaeological team excavated only a small part of the Dingling Tomb and caused great damage during the excavation.
This archaeological incident has caused widespread controversy and criticism, and some scholars even believe that it is a "shame" in the history of Chinese archaeology. Therefore, in order to avoid similar things happening again, the state is reluctant to allow archaeological teams to continue excavating ancient tombs, especially such important tombs as Qianling. Although the entrance to the Qianling Tomb has been discovered, the state has decided to ban excavations in order to protect this precious cultural heritage.
Speaking of this, we have to mention a tragic figure in ancient cultural relics protection - Guo Moruo.
He was a wealthy and powerful collector who was keen to buy and collect antiques and artifacts, as well as a strong advocate of excavations and excavations of ancient tombs. With his own financial resources and power, he forcibly excavated ancient tombs many times, and took the excavated cultural relics for himself, completely ignoring the value and historical significance of the cultural relics themselves, let alone the issues of protection and preservation.
However, similar to what happened to Dingling, many of the tombs excavated by Guo Moruo were severely damaged and cultural relics were lost. These tombs should be witnesses of history, our knowledge and understanding of ancient civilizations, but this opportunity was lost because of Guo Moruo's actions.
This private act not only affects the protection of cultural relics, but also destroys history and culture. Therefore, for the protection and excavation of ancient tombs and cultural relics, we must follow the principles of science and ethics, respect history and culture, and refrain from taking acts that damage cultural relics and history.
Finally, I would like to say that the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang has not been excavated so far, mainly because of the lessons learned from the Dingling incident, even if we now have the ability to excavate ancient mausoleums, there is not enough technology to protect cultural relics.
Of course, there may be another consideration, excavating a mausoleum will give people too much expectation and hope, but when you actually open a tomb, do you have the courage to face the historical and cultural heritage contained in it?
Therefore, the excavation of the mausoleum requires careful weighing of various factors to ensure that cultural relics are properly protected while respecting the value and significance of history and culture.