#历史开讲 #
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introduction
During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, hunting activities were very frequent.
Due to the abundance of wild animal species and the empty area, hunting became a typical representative of people's pastime and sacrifice at that time.
Hunting can not only help people obtain daily food sources, but also ensure social stability, and to a certain extent ensure the introduction and development of tools.
This played a huge role in promoting the development of social productive forces at that time.
So, hunting is not just a habitual activity, it is more like a battle for some profit.
So in the pre-Qin period of the Spring and Autumn Warring States, how did people's hunting differ?
1. Frequent hunting activities
During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, the main reason why people frequently hunted was that there were very rich resources of birds and beasts at that time.
At the same time, the land is sparsely populated, the population has not yet reached the saturation level, and the Chinese ethnic and ethnic minorities in the Central Plains are intertwined.
In order to be able to guarantee the demand for land and a stable habitat, hunting activities are carried out frequently. "Ghost Wind East Mountain":
"Evee is in the room, the manta rays are in the house, the town deer farm, and the night is shining."
It can be seen from these words that the birds and beasts at that time were very rich in resources, and the owner only left home for a few years, and after returning, the house was occupied by bats and deer.
In addition to the abundant resources of birds and beasts, the most important thing is due to the needs of social life at that time.
During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, festivals were very frequent.
People often need to use precious birds and beasts as sacrifices, so hunting has become an activity that must be participated in before the sacrifice.
In addition to the need for ritual activities, hunting is also a major way for the common people to solve their daily food source.
Zuo Qiuming's "Zuo Chuan" hidden for five years:
"Therefore, spring search, summer seedlings, autumn mi, and winter hunting are all in the agricultural gap to talk about things."
Hunting was tied to sacrificial activities, and the people also needed long-term hunting to ensure the supply of food.
So with such frequent hunts, does everyone have to participate?
Second, the different forms of hunting
There are two main levels of activity modes.
The first was the car hunting of the aristocracy;
The second type of small-scale hunting by ordinary civilians.
The so-called car hunting is actually mainly based on military exercises and entertainment in nature.
If it is a military exercise, the battle is more like a posture to fight, at this time, not only thousands of soldiers must be dispatched, but also hundreds of combat vehicles must be prepared.
Before going on a hunt, you also need to choose the auspicious day of the zodiac so that you can lead the army to the expedition.
The day is selected by a special person, and then the festival is held, and after the festival is completed, you can drive away.
They will then surround the pasture and burn the surrounding weeds to determine the site.
Once the site planning is complete, the hunt can begin.
This hunting activity is more like war, and you can see war horses, chariots, crossbows and so on in the hunting grounds.
If the hunter is not good enough, it will be difficult to win in such a game.
Another type of hunting is small-scale hunting activities organized by the population, mainly to be able to find food and ensure the safety of agricultural land.
The main hunting method can be fishing with nets, or arching birds and hunting dogs.
Of course, small hunting can also be carried out by horseback chasing and laying traps.
In personal hunting activities, it is not limited to the number and time of hunting, and is usually relatively free, without too many restrictions.
It differed from entertainment or military exercises among the nobles, mainly in order to obtain more winter food through hunting activities.
The meat hunted will become their main source of food for the winter, while also protecting the cultivated land from these birds and animals.
Therefore, different hunting methods give birth to completely different hunting meanings.
In order to better distinguish the meaning of hunting to these common people, it can be analyzed from the perspective of aristocratic circles and ordinary people, but most people actually prefer the more practical meaning of the latter.
Third, the meaning of hunting
For ordinary people, the main meaning of hunting is actually to be able to eat, so that they do not have worries about life, and at the same time to protect the farmland.
During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, birds and beasts frequently haunted villages and farmlands, often disrupting agricultural production activities.
In order to protect agricultural production, the people need to constantly hunt to ensure that their farmland will not be damaged, "Zhou Li Yong Shi":
"The forbidden reading of the Dharma Pool. Whoever harms the state is a trap. ”
Not only that, hunting can also help the imperial court to better select talents.
Because hunting requires relatively many skills, such as archery, horseback riding, capture, making tools, etc., these are all methods to test the comprehensive quality of talents.
At the same time, the hunting party led by the monarch was quite large, so it could play the role of a small military exercise. When hunting, the combat effectiveness of the army can also be exercised.
In addition, hunting mainly played a sacrificial role.
In my ancient times, sacrifices were a very important part, and people offered sacrifices to pray for good weather and rain in the coming year, and the safety of the people and the blessing of the people to live and work in peace.
Of course, this is all wishful thinking of the people, the most important thing is because the people at that time did not have a deep understanding of the natural world, so they could only seek the protection of nature in this way.
The reverence for the gods required them to constantly perform sacrifices, so in order to please the so-called gods, people did this by hunting large prey.
Finally, for those princes and nobles, hunting was more of a pastime for their pastime.
They can kill their energy by hunting, or they can use hunting to compare technology, in short, hunting was a very meaningful activity for the ancients.
epilogue
In fact, the main purpose of hunting activities in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods was to be able to fulfill the needs of sacrifice and ensure the peaceful life of the common people.
Due to the large number of birds and animals at that time, it was necessary to reduce these birds and animals through hunting, and destroy the crops of the people, so as to stabilize the lives of the people at that time.
At that time, a large number of sacrifices also required offerings of prey obtained through hunting.
Because of this, hunting activities before the pre-Qin Dynasty were unprecedentedly frequent, and of course, some noble children hunted purely for entertainment.
It has to be said that most people still regard hunting as a real confrontation and treat it as a real battlefield, so it also adds more mystery to the hunting activity.
Bibliography:
"Ghost Wind Higashiyama"
《Zuo Chuan》
"Zhou Li Yong"