Judging whether a historical event has really happened is generally based on two ideas, one is the history books of the ancients, the ancients were in an earlier era than us, so their description of those events is more reliable than today's people. It is precisely for this reason that Sima Qian, who wrote the historical record, could see a lot of historical materials of the imperial family and interview the old people who were alive at that time. As a result, the history he left behind became the best material for recording the history before him. But there is a saying that the ancients may not be reliable in speaking. Ancient texts can be forged, and the ancients can make mistakes, and may even write them on purpose.
For example, Sima Qian is in the history of Xia Benji, mixing the two people of Dayi and Houyi into the same person, and sandwiching many crimes of the descendants on one end, I will put this matter aside first, and ask you later, so to study history, sometimes it is not enough to rely on history books alone? To be respected, the two-fold evidence method, that is, the second idea, find cultural relics and monuments, and confirm each other with cultural relics and ancient characters, then the conclusion is more reliable. According to these two ideas, the existence of the Shang Dynasty in Chinese history is certain, because many palace ruins of the Shang Dynasty have been unearthed today, as well as Shang Dynasty utensils. In particular, a large number of written oracle bones from the Shang Dynasty have been found, which were carved by the Shang Dynasty themselves. Recording the political and economic situation of that era, they called their dynasty Shang in their texts, which shows that the Shang Dynasty did exist, but the Xia Dynasty may not. Controversially about Xia, we have only found some ancient ruins today, only known to be predating the Shang Dynasty. But we have not found the writing of the Shang Dynasty, and we have not seen people at that time call themselves Xia, so we cannot prove that these ruins belong to the Xia Dynasty. Of course, objectively speaking, no matter what his name is, it is part of the Chinese civilization that predates the Shang Dynasty. According to the two lines of thought just mentioned, there is not much physical evidence, so how about the ancients' own records? The description of the Shang Dynasty and the Three Emperors and Five Emperors is mainly based on the ancient books of the Spring and Autumn Warring States period, but the Spring and Autumn Warring States period has been more than 1,000 years since the Xia Dynasty. At that time, people talked about the Xia Dynasty, just like modern people got together and talked about the same era as the Song Dynasty, which was too far away. So their claim about how the Xia Dynasty was more than 1,000 years before them is not very credible.
Therefore, historians generally believe that in the land of China, civilization did exist before the Shang Dynasty. As for whether this civilization is called the Xia Dynasty, how large the scope of its rule is, and whether it has unified the Chinese region, we do not know. So we can only say. The Xia Dynasty is difficult to confirm, and if this is the case, then the legend of the three emperors and five emperors is even more unreliable. Now it is generally believed that the three emperors and five emperors are not empty myths, the emperor, the Yan Emperor is likely to be the leader of a primitive tribe or the name of the tribe, and more details we cannot verify. As for the emperor inventing various tools for the Chinese nation, this point is more of an imagination of the ancients about the gradual process of civilization.
There is no evidence to confirm this. So, this leads to another question, why can history exist as a discipline? This question sounds strange, because many friends have the impression that history studies the facts of human beings in the past. Keeping these facts together in chronological order and making a folder is not enough, if we think so, it is indeed a bit shallow, because after reading the thick information, we have not been able to summarize any reason. If all we read or remember is a bunch of fragmented facts, then we are just an endorsement machine for history.
After Xia Qi became king. There was a tribe called the Youji clan, which was quite unconvinced and rebelled. As a result, a war broke out between Kai and the Yuki clan, and in the end, Kai destroyed the Yuki clan and punished the captives as slaves. This means that if you are not well-behaved, the result of your disobedience is slavery.
When the others saw it, there was such a miserable end for the Hu clan. So no one dared to rebel, so Xia Qi's life was quite good. When he died, he was succeeded by his son Taikang. But Taikang is a very mediocre monarch. There is no interest in running the country, but it is necessary to talk about play. But it was very crazy, especially like hunting, once, Taikang led his entourage to the south bank of Luoshui to hunt, and the more he fought, the more vigorous. Others hunt, a day is tired enough for two or three days to go home. But this guy went out hunting, played for more than 100 days, more than three months, and didn't want to go back. This situation was known to another person, and this person began to activate his mind.
This man is the leader of the Poor Clan tribe in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The name is descendants. Everyone knows when they hear this name, is it very familiar. Everyone knows that he is a swordsman, why is he called a descendant? There is a myth and legend that says that there was a time when Emperor Yao was there, I don't know why the sun came out of the sky, if only one came out, it would be okay. But God gave out ten suns in one breath, and this time the earth of the Central Plains, the sunburned earth cracked like a burnt pancake, the crops cried to death, and even the water in the rivers and lakes was steamed dry. As for the fish in the water, the shrimp are even worse. It's all a disaster for the whole family. Life is really unbearable. So the big guys found Di Yao's sword master Yi, this Yi is very confident, everyone came to beg me, right? No problem, I'll fix it. As soon as he put on his bow and arrow, he swooped and the sword flew into the air stunned. Others shoot birds, but he shoots the sun, and this arrow actually shoots the sun down. The sun in the eyes of the big guys, for Yi, is simply like a balloon flying in the air. Before everyone could react, Yi fired eight swords in a row, and after a while, the next eight suns fell one after another. Fortunately, it is easy to control your emotions, otherwise the last sun will shoot it down. Since then, there has been only one sun left in the sky, the four seasons are clear, and the drought has disappeared.
But this did not last long, the sun was gone, the flood came again, the farmland was flooded, and the livestock were washed away. Civilians have been displaced and homeless. The trouble is caused by a group of monsters in the water, these beasts jump on the surface of the water and toss hard, making the people miserable. These monsters, including saber teeth, nine eagles, strong winds, snake repair, etc., but there is easy, these monsters are like grasshoppers after autumn that cannot be snuggled for a few days. Not long after, these monsters were also killed by arrows one by one. Passed down to later. The leader of this poor tribe is very skilled in swordsmanship, so the big guys call him a descendant.
You paid attention. In the descendants' version, Yi and Houyi were handed down to the later generations. Yi and Houyi are the same person, but in fact, the time and age are different, and Yi and Houyi are two different things. Yi is the hero who shoots the sun, but the descendants are sinners who seize power, that is, this Yi of the year, or the person called Dayi, is plainly for his own descendants. He has borne a lot of undeserved charges alive, and in the legend, he will cry to death! That's it for today, if you like it, follow it and like it!