#家长百问百答 #
Among the electronic information majors, the undergraduate artificial intelligence major (080717T) established in 2018 is the most popular major that has attracted the attention of candidates and parents in recent years. This year, chatGPT has become a hot topic, which will push up the popularity of artificial intelligence majors.
Artificial intelligence major, I am ready to analyze in three articles. The first article is to analyze the difference between artificial intelligence and computer science. The second article analyzes who is better in computer science or artificial intelligence. The third article analyzes where the employment direction of artificial intelligence majors is. This article is the first article, the conclusion viewpoint: how about artificial intelligence major? Very good, but candidates without a strength level above 211 are not suitable for this major; When applying for this major, pay attention to avoid three pitfalls. Analysis can be found below.
There are many misconceptions about this profession. First, it is said that artificial intelligence majors are difficult to learn, so why did the higher vocational (Nanjing Information Vocational and Technical College first opened) open this major in 2017, the name is called artificial intelligence technology service and artificial intelligence technology application major, employment is still very good; Second, in artificial intelligence positions, computer graduates account for more than half, artificial intelligence courses are many computer courses, so why is this major classified as electronic information major recruitment? Third, will the artificial intelligence major of the undergraduate degree be the same as the computer science major? These questions don't seem to have been explained clearly.
As a layman, my analysis is only based on the second-hand collection and collation of text materials, and if there is something wrong, I sincerely accept everyone's criticism and correction, and convey correct information for parents' reference.
The fear of humanoid artificial intelligence in the science fiction movie "Ex Machina"
First, the artificial intelligence major is an interdisciplinary major, and the interdisciplinary discipline is reflected in three levels.
Let's first understand the interdisciplinary characteristics of artificial intelligence majors, and pay attention to avoid two pitfalls when applying for the exam.
1. The first crossover is the intersection of different professional knowledge within the artificial intelligence professional course.
That is, the curriculum of artificial intelligence majors, in the form of modular course packages. Based on mathematics and physics, plus other subject expertise, such as "computer + automation + electronics + ...", plus basic courses of artificial intelligence core majors and professional electives in the detailed direction. This professional setting model will also emphasize a certain professional knowledge in the curriculum due to the different academic background of the school. We can see from the postgraduate courses of different schools that the difference is quite large. For example, the School of Artificial Intelligence of Huazhong University of Science and Technology is built with the former School of Automation as the main body, so when entering graduate school, the professional course is (871) Automation Principle. The School of Artificial Intelligence of Chinese University is separated from the School of Information, and the professional course for graduate school is (408) Computer Science Professional Foundation. The professional course of Southeast University entrance examination is (930) artificial intelligence professional foundation, and so on.
But no matter how big the difference is, the course structure of the artificial intelligence undergraduate major, I borrow the view summarized by Tao Hongshan and Haixia Haixia, that Carnegie Mellon University in the United States is a specialized and deep artificial intelligence undergraduate professional course, while Nanyang Polytechnic has established an interdisciplinary "artificial intelligence + X" undergraduate major. Our domestic universities are basically in this layout.
Shen Tao and Hao believe that the domestic artificial intelligence professional curriculum is basically these two layouts
2. The artificial intelligence major penetrates into other majors and becomes "artificial intelligence + X", and the name is still "artificial intelligence" major.
This "AI specialty" is actually: AI + medical, AI + geoscience, AI + finance. For example, the School of Artificial Intelligence Law of Southwest University of Political Science and Law has set up secondary disciplines including general theory of artificial intelligence law, data law, network law, arithmetic law and artificial intelligence judicial application (smart justice). The School of Information and Communication Engineering of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China opened artificial intelligence is machine learning and artificial intelligence, and the School of Computer Science and Engineering is open to the direction of big data and artificial intelligence security. It's all artificial intelligence, but the things added are different.
Since the establishment of university majors adopts a filing system rather than an approval system, universities can open artificial intelligence as long as they want to. This is why more and more schools are opening schools for artificial intelligence majors. For example, Guilin Tourism Institute, established the Tourism Data College (second-level college) in 2019, and opened an artificial intelligence major in 2020, featuring artificial intelligence + tourism, I happened to see that in September 2022, the college recruited 2 artificial intelligence professional teachers on the network, and the requirement is a master's degree or above in artificial intelligence-related majors. How effective is the teaching of this major, interested friends can go to understand.
Therefore, the first pit that candidates applying for artificial intelligence majors should pay attention to avoiding is: be wary of those universities that rub "artificial intelligence" hot spots.
3. The third level of intersection: the intersection of artificial intelligence and other disciplines, with a new name.
For example, the intelligent science and technology major in the computer class, the artificial intelligence major of many schools is transformed from this major (such as Nankai University), so the computer major, such as big data and data technology major, software engineering, etc., will have artificial intelligence-related course content at the undergraduate level. Similarly, there are robot engineering (automation 080803T), industrial intelligence (automation 080807T), intelligent perception engineering (instrument 080303T), intelligent construction (081008T civil), intelligent medical engineering (101011T medical technology), intelligent imaging engineering (101013T medical technology).
But these non-computer majors with the name "intelligence", if the school is not strong, even if the focus is on the use of artificial intelligence in the course introduction, it is definitely a hot spot. Especially such as intelligent materials and structures (080417T materials), intelligent mining engineering (081507 mining) and so on.
This is the second pit for applying for artificial intelligence majors: rubbing hot pit people's majors.
Artificial intelligence + medical, intelligent medical robot
Second, what is the difference between artificial intelligence major and computer major.
This part is actually for the second article, which is to compare who is better in artificial intelligence and computer science. It is also written for being responsible for children and carefully choosing their careers.
1. Why should the artificial intelligence major be enrolled in the electronic information major?
Although the artificial intelligence major and the computer major are so closely related, it may be in order to highlight the difference between artificial intelligence technology and computer technology that the artificial intelligence major is enrolled in the electronic information class.
In the "Talent Training Column" of the "Artificial Intelligence Innovation Action Plan for Colleges and Universities" issued by the Ministry of Education in April 2018, it is clearly mentioned that "supporting colleges and universities to set up artificial intelligence disciplines in computer science and technology disciplines". Before 2018, when experts such as Academician Li Deyi promoted artificial intelligence as a separate discipline, they also regarded "intelligent science and technology" as intelligent technology. In the 2022 graduate professional setting directory, "Intelligent Science and Technology (1403)" is also used as the professional name of intelligent interdisciplinary disciplines, and there is no first-level discipline of artificial intelligence graduates, and the detailed research directions of the core technologies of artificial intelligence are actually mainly distributed in computer, automation, electronic information and other majors. Therefore, I have not found an authoritative explanation for why the artificial intelligence major is set up in the electronic information major instead of the computer major. Welcome to let us know in the comment area.
I guess it's to highlight the technical direction of artificial intelligence and computer science that are easy to mix, but completely different. Anyway, undergraduate majors are not determined according to academic research directions, and the degree of freedom is large.
Shenzhen University has the National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology and has jointly established the School of Artificial Intelligence with Tencent Cloud
2. Take Shanghai Jiao Tong University as an example to compare the differences between artificial intelligence majors and computer majors.
The AI major in undergraduate studies is very different from computer technology. The knowledge system of artificial intelligence professional courses is definitely not the knowledge system of computer majors, and the knowledge ability of artificial intelligence talents is also different from that of computer professionals. Computer technology, like mathematics and physical logic, is only the basic enabling tool of artificial intelligence technology. Since the development of artificial intelligence technology is completely limited by the dependence of computer technology, the shortage of artificial intelligence professionals will appear that computer technology talents occupy artificial intelligence positions is more common. But the subject-object status is different. For example, the chatGPT chatbot model is a language processing tool based on artificial intelligence technology, which especially relies on brain-like intelligence and deep learning, intelligent human-computer interaction, speech language information processing system, artificial neural network and so on.
Taking Shanghai Jiao Tong University as an example, comparing the differences in the undergraduate courses of "Computer Science and Technology" and "Artificial Intelligence", it is intuitive to see that the learning and research content of these two majors is different:
Comparison of computer science and technology and artificial intelligence courses at Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Concentrate:
1. The course content of this table comes from the training plan inquiry system of Shanghai Jiaotong University.
2. These two majors are placed in the School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, and the basic compulsory courses are more than the artificial intelligence major: university physics (artificial intelligence is placed in the physics elective), artificial intelligence theory and application, machine learning and introduction to computing.
3. The core courses of the major direction of artificial intelligence have a total of 11 courses in three directions, while only 2 of the 6 courses in the computer science and technology major can meet the credit requirements. The direction of the figure below is the core course of the artificial intelligence course. The following figure is required
Elective course of artificial intelligence major of Shanghai Jiaotong University
From above I concluded:
1. From the previous figure, it is obvious that the content learned by computer majors and artificial intelligence, excluding the basic compulsory courses, will not coincide by more than 20%. The artificial intelligence major has its own disciplinary logic. For example, brain-like intelligence, deep learning, computer vision, natural language processing, knowledge graph, etc.
Because of this, some artificial intelligence companies do not recruit fresh graduates, because there is still a certain distance between computer graduates and artificial intelligence technology requirements. On the other hand, the artificial intelligence of schools is often a school-enterprise cooperation to cultivate the artificial intelligence technical talents they need.
2. The artificial intelligence strength of Shanghai Jiaotong University is lower than that of Qingbei University, Zhejiang University and China University of Science and Technology, and its strength may not be able to enter the top five. However, based on strong engineering strength, such a bullish multi-directional course of artificial intelligence can be opened. You can use the template to avoid the aforementioned two pitfalls by comparing the school artificial intelligence curriculum of the school you want to apply for. If it is simpler, if the school's computer major assessment is lower than B, then the strength of the artificial intelligence major is much inferior.
2. There are many more artificial intelligence courses than computer courses. Simply speaking, the artificial intelligence major can also be understood as compressing the postgraduate direction of computer science to the undergraduate level, and how difficult this course is. At the undergraduate level, it is necessary to complete so many high-tech courses. Without a superhuman IQ, it's easier said than done! Therefore, if you do not have a learning ability level above 211, do not blame yourself.
These are the three pits to pay attention to when applying for artificial intelligence majors, and this pit is jumped by yourself.
3. From the perspective of the curriculum of SJTU, the artificial intelligence major submitted still emphasizes the subject content of electronic information majors. At present, the "artificial intelligence +" model, which is relatively mature in finance, medical care, media and other fields, is popular in the direction of automatic driving of intelligent cars, so when applying for artificial intelligence majors, it is also necessary to pay attention to the different research focuses of different schools. This specific will be written later in the article.
No way, I don't want to write the article so complicated. But reason must also be evidenced, so that it can be distinguished from the simple sentence in the short video: carefully apply for artificial intelligence majors.
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