According to research, the original inhabitants of Kalimantan migrated to Madagascar as early as 3,000 years ago. Hundreds of years later, Malays from Sumatra, Java and other places moved in, and Arabs, Persians, Indians and Indians moved in.
These groups had long contact and intermarried, eventually forming the modern Malagasy people. Outwardly, Malagasy people are light brown and yellow. short stature, thin lips, small nose; Unlike black Africans, they have dark complexions and are tall. But much like today's Southeast Asian residents.
geographical location
geographical location
The Republic of Madagascar, abbreviated as Madagascar. It is an African island country located in the western Indian Ocean, across the Mozambique Strait from the African continent. Madagascar is made of volcanic rock, and as the first island in Africa and the fourth largest in the world, the country has a land area of 590,750 square kilometers.
Madagascar has a diverse climate, with a tropical rainforest climate in the east and hot and humid all year round, a mild climate in the central plateau, a leeward side with less precipitation in the west, and a semi-arid climate in the south.
History
At the end of the 16th century, the Imelina people founded the Kingdom of Imelina in central Madagascar.
In 1794 the Kingdom of Imelina developed into a centralized feudal state, and in the early 19th century unified the entire island to establish the Kingdom of Madagascar.
It became a French colony in 1896,
On 14 October 1958, it became an autonomous republic within the "French Community".
On June 26, 1960, independence was declared and the Malagasy Republic, also known as the First Republic, was established.
On December 21, 1975, the country was renamed the Democratic Republic of Madagascar, also known as the Second Republic.
On 19 August 1992, Malaysia held a referendum to adopt the Constitution of the Third Republic and change the name of the country to the Republic of Madagascar.
national flag
national flag
It is rectangular in shape and has a ratio of 3:2 to length-to-width. The side of the flagpole is a white vertical rectangle, and the right side of the flag is two horizontal rectangles of red and green on the bottom, and the three rectangles are equal in area. White symbolizes purity, red symbolizes sovereignty, and green symbolizes hope.
"City of a Thousand Warriors" – Antananarivo
Capital - Antananarivo
Located at 18°58′ S and 47°30′E, Tananarive is a highland city close to the Tropic of Cancer on a horseshoe-shaped ridge in the central highlands of Madagascar, between 1,000 and 2,000 meters above sea level.
Formerly known as "Anaramanga". Built in the XVII century. Antananarivo was founded around 1625 by King Andrianjaka ( " city of a thousand warriors " in Malagasy ) , named after the number of soldiers Andrian Jaka assigned to guard the city.
For a long time the city was the main village of the Howa chieftains, and as they occupied more land in Madagascar, the city's status became particularly important and developed into a town of 80,000 people.
In 1793, the city became the capital of the Kingdom of Imelina. The first king of the Kingdom of Madagascar, Radama I, conquered most of the Falklands, and Antananarivo became the administrative center of the country.
Main parameters
Population and language
In 2022, the population is about 28 million.
Malagasy people make up more than 98 per cent of the total population and are made up of 18 ethnic groups, the larger of which are Imelina (26.1 per cent of the total population), Behimizzaraka (14.1 per cent), Behilo (12 per cent), Himicht (7.2 per cent), Sakarava (5.8 per cent), Andandro (5.3 per cent) and Antesaka (5 per cent).
There are still a small number of Comorians, Indians, Pakistanis and French who have settled in Malaysia, and about 50,000 overseas Chinese and ethnic Chinese. The national language is Malagasy (belonging to the Malay-Polynesian language family), and the official French language is spoken.
economy
Economic Indicators 2020:
| gross domestic product | $12,447 million |
| GDP per capita | $454.3 |
| economic growth rate | -3.8% |
| Currency name | Ariari |
| exchange rate | 1 USD = 3798 ariari |
| Inflation rate | 4.1% |
Madagascar is one of the least developed countries. The economy is dominated by agriculture, heavily dependent on foreign aid, and has a weak industrial base. Between 1997 and 2000, the economy grew at an average annual rate of 4.5 per cent.
From 2003 to 2006, the average annual economic growth rate was 6.2%
After the political crisis in Malaysia in 2009, the economic and social order fell into chaos.
After taking office in 2014, Eri actively sought the resumption of international assistance to Malaysia, formulated a two-year national development emergency plan and a 2015-2019 national development plan, and committed to improving the investment environment, attracting foreign investment and creating jobs. After being elected president in January 2019, Rajolina committed himself to the implementation of the Madagascar Revitalization Initiative to promote the development of key areas such as energy, agriculture, housing, health, and infrastructure.
Diplomatic relations with China
China and Malaysia established diplomatic relations on November 6, 1972, and the friendly cooperation has developed smoothly
Mutually beneficial cooperation between China and Malaysia began in 1985. In 2021, bilateral trade volume was US$1.613 billion, up 41.9% year-on-year. Among them, China's exports were 1.283 billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 28.6%, and imports were 329 million US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 137.5%.
China mainly exports textile yarns, electronic products, mechanical and electrical products, etc., and imports mineral sands and agricultural products.
Since 1975, China has sent medical teams to Malaysia, and there are now four medical points to assist Malaysia, and so far 22 batches of 626 people have been dispatched. After the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the two sides actively carried out anti-epidemic cooperation, and China provided anti-epidemic materials to Malaysia.