From November 1884 to February 1885, German Chancellor Bismarck presided over a conference in Berlin to divide Africa among the Western European powers, known as the "Berlin Conference". After the 1950s

From November 1884 to February 1885, German Chancellor Bismarck presided over a conference in Berlin to divide Africa among the Western European powers, known as the "Berlin Conference". After the 1950s, there was a wave of independence in Africa. But the power of the Western European powers did not completely leave.

* After the Berlin Conference and World War I, French colonies in Africa were mainly concentrated in Northwest Africa (Figure 2):

West Africa Coast: Mauritania, Morocco, Senegal, Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, Benin, Gabon, Congo (Brazzaville)

North Africa: Algeria, Tunisia

West Interior: Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad, Central Africa

Northeast Africa Coast: Djibouti

East African Islands: Madagascar

*Prior to 2022, after the wave of independence, France's military presence in Africa was involved (Figure 3):

West coast of Africa: Mauritania, Senegal, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon

West Interior: Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad

Northeast Africa Coast: Djibouti

*In 2024, France's military presence in Africa involves:

West coast of Africa: Mauritania, Senegal, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon

West Interior: Chad

Northeast Africa Coast: Djibouti