See you at 8 o'clock in the news丨The government work report is interpreted in an all-round way

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At 9 a.m. today, the first session of the 14th National People's Congress opened in the Great Hall of the People, and Premier Li Keqiang delivered a government work report. Let's take a look at the live report brought by the Beijing News reporter. Video >>>

What are the specific contents of the government work report? The minimalist version is coming. A picture to understand >>>

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The report begins with a review of the past year's work, which is slightly different from the government work report at the end of previous terms. Why is the report written this way? Why is the past year "an extremely important year in the history of the Party and the country"? The report said that in 2022, "the mainland's development has made extremely hard-won new achievements", why is it "extremely hard-won"? How did this achievement come about?

When looking back on the past, Li Keqiang first reviewed the work of the past year. Speaking about last year, he said that 2022 is an extremely important year in the history of the party and the country. Last year, "in the face of the stormy international environment and the arduous tasks of domestic reform, development and stability," the mainland "achieved stable economic operation, steadily improved the quality of development, and maintained stability in the overall social situation, and the mainland made extremely hard-won new achievements in development." Li Keqiang mentioned in the report that last year, "the mainland's economic development encountered multiple unexpected factors at home and abroad, such as the epidemic".

People familiar with the drafting of the report told the Beijing News reporter that the "exceeded expectations" may not have been expected, or the situation was much more serious than expected. According to it, the mainland "exceeded expectations" in at least three aspects last year, the first is that the impact of the epidemic exceeded expectations; Second, the impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on the world situation and international politics exceeded expectations; Secondly, the changes in the international economic and financial environment have exceeded expectations, and the impact of the Fed's interest rate hike on the RMB exchange rate and mainland foreign trade is very large.

"The report's 'hard-won new achievements in the mainland's development last year were achieved in response to the impact of these multiple factors that exceeded expectations." The person familiar with the matter said.

Relevant researchers from the Development Research Center of the State Council told the Beijing News reporter that the 3% GDP growth is indeed far from the main development target of about 5.5% GDP growth set at the beginning of the year. "In previous years, our GDP growth targets were exceeded, but this time we did not." The researcher said, "But internationally, compared with the United States, Japan, the European Union and other major economies, it is at a relatively low level of development." ”

At the same time, the researcher said that in addition to the achievements of GDP growth, the mainland has stabilized urban employment, controlled the rise in consumer prices and fiscal deficit rates, and achieved a bumper grain harvest, which are all "extremely hard-won". Read the full article >>>

The government work report emphasized regional development and proposed to promote the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and build Xiong'an New Area with high standards and high quality.

The relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission said that the modernization of the capital metropolitan area is a necessary stage for building a world-class city cluster in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. After several years of coordinated development, a modern capital metropolitan area composed of "commuting circle", "functional circle" and "industrial circle" has been initially formed.

Yang Kaizhong, academician of the International Eurasian Academy of Sciences, dean of the School of Applied Economics of the University of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and president of the China Regional Science Association, believes that the common prosperity of the three places has made historic progress in recent years. "From the perspective of the region, in 2020, for the first time in the history of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, absolute poverty and regional overall poverty around Beijing and Tianjin were eliminated, bidding farewell to the absolute poverty belt around Beijing and Tianjin, and building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way."

Tian Jinchang, deputy secretary of the Party Working Committee and executive deputy director of the Management Committee of Xiong'an New Area, said that in 2023, Xiong'an New Area will promote the construction of the headquarters of central enterprises that have landed as soon as possible to show its iconic image, accelerate the start of construction of the first batch of relief universities and hospitals, and strengthen the docking of the second batch of relief lists. Make every effort to ensure that the targets and market entities can come, retain, and develop well.

The relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission said that at present, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development strategy has entered a new stage of comprehensive and deepening implementation, and Beijing will focus on the new journey and new tasks to promote the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and achieve new fruitful results. Read the full article >>>

The government work report pointed out that the main targets for this year's development include about 12 million new jobs in cities and towns, and the urban survey unemployment rate is about 5.5%.

Employment is the biggest project of people's livelihood and people's hearts. The report pointed out that in the past year, the mainland's economic development has encountered multiple unexpected factors at home and abroad, such as the epidemic, with 12.06 million new jobs created in cities and towns, and the urban survey unemployment rate at the end of the year was 5.5%. The Beijing News reporter found that the number of new urban jobs decreased from 12.69 million in 2021, and the national urban survey unemployment rate at the end of the year increased from 5.1% in 2021.

"Overall, employment in the mainland will remain generally stable in 2022, and the urban survey unemployment rate will increase compared with the previous year, mainly due to the impact of multiple factors at home and abroad that exceed expectations." On January 17 this year, Kang Yi, director of the National Bureau of Statistics, said in response to a reporter's question on the operation of the national economy throughout 2022.

In response to a reporter's question on the operation of the national economy in 2022, Kang Yi said that the scale of college graduates this year is expected to exceed 11.5 million, the pressure of total employment still exists, and structural contradictions are still prominent, but with the improvement of the economy and the expansion of employment demand, jobs will increase accordingly, and the employment situation in the mainland is expected to improve overall in 2023.

In response to the question of how to stimulate the vitality of the job market under this year's situation, Qu Yue, director of the Labor and Employment Research Office of the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said in a previous interview with a reporter from the Beijing News: The most basic thing is to make the economy lively, let employers receive clear positive signals, provide them with a clear and good policy environment, so that they have better expectations for future development, "confidence is more important than gold", so that they can release fuller employment demand.

On March 2, Minister of Human Resources and Social Security Wang Xiaoping said at the press conference of the State Council Information Office: "We are confident that we will successfully complete the annual employment target and continue to maintain the overall stability of the employment situation." Read more>>>

The government work report mentioned that in the "Class B tube" stage, it is necessary to promote the iterative upgrading of vaccines and the development of new drugs.

What is the direction of vaccine iteration and new drug development?

Lu Hongzhou, president of Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, told reporters that his research team received a special task from the national vaccine last year to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of 16 new crown vaccines in the mainland, including mRNA vaccines, peptide vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines, adenovirus vector vaccines and nasal spray vaccines, some of which are about to be marketed and some have already been listed.

In the future, the iteration direction of the new crown vaccine should focus on stimulating cellular immunity, because cellular immunity is more durable and long-lasting; It should also be universal for future virus mutations and convenient for key groups such as the elderly to use at home, such as nasal sprays.

The relevant person in charge of the scientific research group of the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council said that the current research and development of new crown treatment drugs mainly revolves around three technical routes: blocking the virus from entering cells, inhibiting virus replication, and regulating the human immune system, and the mainland has deployed on these technical routes.

Lu Hongzhou introduced that in the research and development of small molecule drugs, there are many drugs that have entered clinical phase II and phase III trials. In the future, the research and development of new drugs should be based on no enhancers, which will make more interactions between different drugs, and the elderly, tumor patients, and patients with underlying diseases in the high-risk group of severe disease often need to be combined with drugs to avoid the use of increased agents, which will be more suitable for this part of the group. In addition, it is necessary to consider the development of new drug targets, inhibitor drug combinations that act on different sites of viral active enzymes, and increase the versatility of drugs against variants, all based on a series of basic studies. Read the full article >>>

The government work report proposed that a new round of 100 billion jin of grain production capacity improvement plan will be implemented, and as a "new term" in the work report, the grain production capacity improvement plan was officially unveiled in the previous Central Document No. 1.

On March 5, Liu Luxiang, chief scientist of the national wheat industry technology system, head of the wheat industry expert group of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and secretary of the Party Committee of the Institute of Crop Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, introduced that the last action lasted for 12 years, and in 12 years, the mainland's grain output reached 1.34 trillion jin in 2008 to 1.34 trillion jin in 2020, up three hundred billion jin, and the new round of "grain production capacity improvement action" in the context of the new era is just as optimistic in achieving the goal. Especially in recent years, ensuring the "joint responsibility of the party and government" for food security will provide huge policy support for capacity improvement.

Liu Luxiang introduced that from the perspective of the external environment, due to external factors such as global climate change, the world's unprecedented changes in a century and the intensification of geopolitical conflicts, the international food price has risen very high, the price increase is very fast, the instability of the global food supply has been strengthened, the mainland is a populous country, and it is particularly important to serve the rice bowl in its own hands to ensure food security. From the perspective of social development, with the improvement of people's living standards, the consumption of meat, eggs and milk that needs to be transformed from food has increased significantly, and the demand for food in the mainland will continue to grow for a long time in the future, and data show that by 2030, the demand for food consumption in the mainland will increase by 15%-20%.

Recently, the yield gap between scientist fields and farmer fields has attracted much attention, Liu Luxiang said that this requires continuous technical integration, promotion and application, taking wheat as an example, scientists' experimental field yield can reach 900 kg, and in 2022 the national average wheat mu yield is only more than 390 kg, this aspect of the room for improvement is still very large, through technology integration promotion, if the average yield increases by 100 kg, it will bring a huge increase in yield. In addition, the mainland has established an industrial technology system covering various agricultural fields, which is an all-round and full-coverage technical support system, which cooperates with the original agricultural technology promotion, cloud science and education training and other systems, and plays an important role in coping with agricultural disasters and technology promotion. For example, last year's 110 million mu of winter wheat was sown late, but we still achieved a bumper harvest, when tens of thousands of scientific and technological personnel and thousands of first-class scientists went deep into the farmland for a long time to provide technical guidance, help wheat promote the weak and strong, and ensure a bumper summer grain harvest. Read the full article >>>

The government work report pointed out that science and technology policies should focus on self-reliance and self-improvement. Improve the new national system, give full play to the organizational role of the government in the research of key core technologies, and highlight the main position of enterprise scientific and technological innovation.

The reporter noted that the Central Economic Work Conference held in December last year also stressed that science and technology policies should focus on self-reliance and self-improvement. Xiao Youdan, a researcher at the Institute of Science and Technology Strategy Consulting of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that this highlights the key position of science and technology policy in the macroeconomic policy system, strengthens the coordination and cooperation of science and technology policy with fiscal policy, monetary policy, industrial policy, social policy, etc., and further highlights the basic role of science and technology policy in stabilizing the macroeconomic policy environment, shaping new momentum and new advantages for development, and promoting high-quality development.

At the same time, it also further strengthens the goals and missions of the current scientific and technological work, clearly regards "self-reliance and self-improvement" as the target and mission of the current mainland scientific and technological work, and highlights the key role of the two key subjects of the government and enterprises in promoting scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement and improving the national innovation system.

"On the government side, the focus is to strengthen the organization of key core technology research related to national security and economic and social development, and grasp system layout, system organization, and cross-border integration. On the enterprise side, the focus is to provide stronger institutional guarantee and better innovation ecology for the main position of enterprise scientific and technological innovation, and guide the more efficient allocation of innovation resources through market demand. ”

Xiao Youdan said that judging from the requirements of the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Central Economic Work Conference and the current government work report, it can be expected that this year's science and technology policy will focus on the following five aspects: increase investment in science and technology and industry, and carry out major scientific and technological infrastructure and key core technology research and development capacity building ahead of time; Accelerate the integrated deployment of innovation chain, industrial chain and talent chain, focus on the key industrial chain of manufacturing, and concentrate high-quality resources to jointly promote key core technology research; Strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength, accelerate the implementation of a number of major national science and technology projects, pay attention to the role of leading scientific and technological enterprises as "question makers", "answerers" and "examiners", and gather forces to carry out original and leading scientific and technological research; Accelerate the formation of a basic system that supports comprehensive innovation, innovation regardless of origin, heroes regardless of origin; Continue to create a good environment conducive to the growth of technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises in terms of unified access, simplified approval, fair participation, property rights protection, and tax incentives. Read the full article >>>

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Special topic丨All-round interpretation of government work report

Today, the first "ministerial channel" of the first session of the 14th National People's Congress opened. 5G development, ChatGPT, scientific and technological innovation, biodiversity protection... Three ministers responded to these topical issues.

Beijing News shell financial reporter asked: What are the goals and priorities of 5G development this year? Minister of Industry and Information Technology Jin Zhuanglong interpreted that our country has built the largest and most advanced 5G network, more than 2.54 million 5G base stations have been built, and 5G mobile phone users have exceeded 575 million.

The next step is to maintain the good development momentum of 5G, and the specific measures are summarized in three words - construction, use, and research.

To build, we must build more base stations. We will also open 600,000 new 5G base stations this year. Many cities already have 5G, rural areas have achieved "county to county 5G", and the next step will continue to extend.

, expand the application of 5G. "5G + Industrial Internet" is very important for the leapfrog development of the manufacturing industry, and we plan to build more than 10,000 5G factories during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.

Research, give full play to the role of the government, enterprises and research institutions. Give full play to the advantages of ultra-large-scale market and complete system, concentrate production, education and research to strengthen international cooperation, and accelerate the research and development of 6G.

Regarding the recent attention of ChatGPT at home and abroad and the future prospects of the mainland artificial intelligence field, Minister of Science and Technology Wang Zhigang said that ChatGPT's technology is a large model, with strong computing power and good calculation methods. The same principle lies in whether it is done well or not. For example, the engine, everyone can make the engine, the quality is different; Playing football is all dribbling and shooting, but it is not easy to be as good as Messi.

Continental has made good deployments in artificial intelligence, and research in this field has been going on for many years and has some results. Mainland China also proposed a number of scenarios for the application of artificial intelligence, which will promote artificial intelligence to contribute to economic and social development through technological traction and scenario driven.

Wang Zhigang introduced that enterprises are not only the main body of technological innovation to solve some technical problems, but also the main body of scientific research, new methods, new scientific research paradigms, new fields of research, new phenomena explanation, and how these are transformed into technology, how to transform into high-tech industries, play a key role in science and technology in the entire human progress to people's production and life, national security, all need enterprises to do. Whether it is a state-owned, private, large, medium, small and micro enterprise, as long as it engages in scientific and technological innovation activities and uses science and technology to enhance the development quality, development level and competitiveness of enterprises, the Ministry of Science and Technology will fully support it.

Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu said that relevant data show that a high level of ecological environmental protection will not only not hinder economic development, but also add new momentum to economic development and promote high-quality development.

To promote the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, to achieve high-quality development and high-level ecological environmental protection, we must consider ecological environmental protection in the overall situation of economic and social development, and coordinate the relationship between development and protection. It is necessary to support services to ensure the smooth operation and development of the economy, and also to guard the bottom line of the ecological environment and promote high-quality economic development with a high level of protection. Read the full article >>>

This morning, the first "channel of deputies" of the First Session of the 14th National People's Congress was opened. NPC deputies were interviewed by the media. What did the deputies say?

Shui Qingxia, deputy to the National People's Congress and head coach of the Chinese women's national football team, introduced that football has a great influence among the broad masses of the people, and the reason why the people of the whole country like to call the Chinese women's football team a sonorous rose is because this spirit embodies unity and cooperation, hard work, never give up, never give up.

Shan Zenghai, deputy to the National People's Congress and chief engineer of XCMG Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., introduced that construction machinery is an industry that benefits mankind, and its development level measures the overall development level of a country's equipment manufacturing industry to some extent, and its core competitiveness is key technological innovation. Scientific and technological innovation is to abandon illusions and walk out of their own path, the heavy weapon of a big country is to have the courage to take responsibility, we will continue to lift the weight for the nation, lift strength for the big country, and accelerate the construction of a world-class enterprise.

Hou Rong, a deputy to the National People's Congress and deputy director of the Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base, said that she and her colleagues have increased the number of giant pandas at the Chengdu Panda Base from 18 in 1994 to 237 today, a 12-fold increase in nearly 30 years. As a deputy to the National People's Congress, Hou Rong has led the submission of 31 proposals and 10 motions over the years, 80% of which have played a positive role in the formulation and revision of relevant laws and regulations.

Zhang Keqin, a deputy to the National People's Congress, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and professor of Yunnan University, said that although nematodes are small, they are very harmful to crops and will lead to reduced crop yields or even no harvest. Zhang Keqin said that making full use of Yunnan's rich biodiversity resources, his team has built a microbial resource bank for nematode control. The practice of biological control nematodes has made Zhang Keqin deeply feel that the key to ensuring the supply of green and safe agricultural products is science and technology.

Zhu Yuemeng, a deputy to the National People's Congress and a major political instructor of a certain squadron of the Liaoning Navy ship, said that in the past 10 years, the Liaoning ship has drawn a more far-reaching and more magnificent rushing track for the heavy weapons of a big country, from launching and setting sail for launch, fighter planes to the integration of formations, and the integration of ships and aircraft, and from offshore training to far-sea deployment. All these achievements come from the continuous struggle of generations of aircraft carrier personnel and the acceleration of curves. We have integrated our youth and dreams into the aircraft carrier cause of the motherland, thousands of people on the same ship, and we will not get lost in thousands of miles. Welcome more young friends to join the aircraft carrier career, sail with me to the farther sea, deeper blue, we stride the sea of stars together, chasing dreams of thousands of miles of sea and sky. Read the full article >>>

Edited by Jia Congcong, Designer, Chunlei, Proofreader: Wu Xingfa