Unfold the long scroll of the history of Chinese civilization, but see the wheel of history rolling forward, the world will be divided for a long time, divided for a long time, and divided and combined, it is also a wonderful time.
The Warring States period was such a special era, when the princely states did not give in to each other and fought endlessly for their own interests. Struggles were carried out in various fields such as politics, diplomacy, and the military, and there were many talented people from various countries, such as Su Qin, Zhang Yi, Gongsun Yan, and Su Dai.
With their incorruptible tongue, they have lobbied among countries, have courage and resourcefulness, and even unscrupulously plan to achieve their political mission.
Many special things happened in the special era, such as the story of King Chuhuai capturing Zhang Yi, which makes future generations still talk about it, and they just want to explore the reason.
Believing in Zhang Yi is excessive greed
In 313 BC, at this time, the land of China was six-legged, and the strongest of them was the State of Qin, although the State of Qin at this time had not yet developed the heart to unify the six kingdoms, but the ambition to expand the territory was never extinguished, so King Huiwen of Qin focused his attention on the State of Qi.
At that time, the State of Qi and the State of Chu were allies of each other, and once the State of Qin launched a war against the State of Qi, the State of Chu would rush to the aid, so that the State of Qin would be defeated. In order to ensure the smooth development of the Great War of Annihilation of Qi, the first step for the Qin State to do was to send people to disintegrate the Qi-Chu Alliance.
After the plan was formulated, King Qin Huiwen immediately had a choice in his heart, that is, Zhang Yi, the apprentice of Ghost Guzi!
Since 328 BC, King Qin Huiwen has appointed Zhang Yi as the prime minister, and he has always trusted him, of course, Zhang Yi's lobbying ability did not disappoint King Qin Huiwen!
For Zhang Yi's talent, the monarchs of the six countries have heard about it, and King Chu Huai is naturally no exception.
As the prime minister of the State of Qin, King Huai of Chu was kind to Zhang Yi, but Zhang Yi also knew very well that the State of Chu, as a big country comparable to the comprehensive strength of the State of Qin, had to offer attractive enough conditions if he wanted to persuade King Huai of Chu to break off diplomatic relations with the State of Qi!
Faced with the expectations of King Huai of Chu, Zhang Yi immediately promised that if the State of Chu dissolved its alliance with the State of Qi, the State of Qin would cede 600 li of land to the State of Chu without compensation, and at the same time open the in-laws between the clans of Qin and Chu, and jointly annex the other four countries!
For the conditions offered by Zhang Yi, what moved King Chu Huai the most was the six hundred miles of land. Under this lure, King Chu Huai immediately agreed to Zhang Yi's request, and in order to show his sincerity, King Chu Huai immediately sent someone to send a notice to the State of Qi to break off diplomatic relations!
In order to ensure that this agreement with the Qin State was reached, King Huai of Chu not only rewarded Zhang Yi lavishly, but even sent someone to escort Zhang Yi back to the Qin State. But what King Chu Huai never expected was that all this was just Zhang Yi's "one-sided words".
In order to delay time, Zhang Yi pretended to fall and injured on the way back to the Qin state, and then took a full 3 months of sick leave, and at the same time, the six hundred li of land promised by Zhang Yi to the Chu state was not fulfilled.
After hearing this news, King Huai of Chu did not have any doubts, but began to reflect on whether he had acted inappropriately. In order to allow Zhang Yi to fulfill his promise faster, King Huai of Chu sent someone to represent himself and go to the State of Qi to spread rumors about King Xuan of Qi.
King Huai of Chu never imagined that Zhang Yi's lobbying for the State of Chu and the State of Qi to break off diplomatic relations was true, but the State of Qin wanted to ally with the State of Chu was false, and Zhang Yi's move not only made the State of Qi take the initiative to form an alliance with the State of Qin, but also made the State of Chu fall into a situation of isolation.
Before the news of the alliance between the State of Qi and the State of Qin reached the State of Chu, King Huai of Chu still longed for the six hundred li of land promised by Zhang Yi, and Zhang Yi at this time also completely revealed his true face: "What was promised to the State of Chu was not six hundred li of land, but six li of land!" ”
At this point, King Huai of Chu completely realized that he had been deceived, and in order to vent his anger, King Huai of Chu immediately sent troops to approach the State of Qin, but in this battle, the State of Chu lost from the beginning, and in the end, instead of getting any benefits, he lost the two cities of Danyang and Hanzhong.
The State of Chu always held a grudge against Zhang Yi's hatred and the conspiracy of the State of Qin, and later attacked the State of Qin many times, but due to improper use of troops, the State of Chu repeatedly lost battles. At this time, the State of Qin, under the union of King Huiwen of Qin and Zhang Yi, had already expanded the area of the State of Qin several times. During this period, the Qin Kingdom's desire to destroy Chu has never diminished.
In 311 BC, when King Huiwen of Qin was about to end and Zhang Yi was in his last glorious year, the State of Qin once again attacked the State of Chu.
The State of Qin tried to exchange the land outside Wuguan with the Qianzhong region of the State of Chu, and although two years had passed, King Huai of Chu's hatred of Zhang Yi had intensified, rather than diminishing.
In order to get rid of Zhang Yi, the thorn in his eye, the State of Chu made it clear that as long as the State of Qin handed over Zhang Yi, the State of Chu was willing to give the Qianzhong region to the State of Qin.
King Huiwen of Qin knew that once he agreed to the quid pro quo of the Chu state, Zhang Yi would definitely be fierce, but the land in the Qianzhong region was extremely important to the Qin state.
Just as King Huiwen of Qin hesitated, Zhang Yi expressed his willingness to go to the State of Chu. The reason why Zhang Yi did this was on the one hand to be sure of his own wisdom, and on the other hand, to repay King Qin Huiwen's kindness.
When Zhang Yi had just come out of the mountains, he had fallen to the point that he could only eat at the same table with servants and maidservants, and later it was the acceptance of King Huiwen of Qin that made Zhang Yi's talents useful, so Zhang Yi became the prime minister of the Qin state and devoted himself to assisting the growth of the Qin state.
But what Zhang Yi didn't know was that King Huai of Chu's hatred for him had long been unforgettable, so as soon as Zhang Yi entered the realm of the Chu Kingdom, he almost ushered in a catastrophe!
Grabbing Zhang Yi is impulsive and arbitrary
It can be seen from a series of actions of King Huai of Chu that he is a greedy and impulsive person, but also lacks some wisdom, and does not hesitate to exchange land for revenge for his own revenge.
Near Zhu is red, near ink is black, and there is no lack of greedy and selfish people around King Chuhuai. On the issue of how they dealt with Zhang Yi, they undoubtedly deeply affected King Huai of Chu.
Jin Shang, the great doctor of the State of Chu, was a greedy person for money, and Zhang Yi took his liking and secretly promised him a large amount of money, allowing him to lobby Zheng Yi, the wife of the State of Chu, and Jin Shang said to Zheng Yi: "Madam, do you know?" You are about to be abandoned by the Great King. ”
Zheng Yi was the most favored by King Chuhuai at that time, and asked in surprise: "Why?" So Jin Yi followed Zhang Yi's words.
It is said that because the King of Qin loves Zhang Yi, he wants to bribe the State of Chu with a large amount of land and beautiful women, and the King of Qin has selected the most beautiful women in the State of Qin to give to the State of Qin, these women are not only extremely beautiful, but also of noble birth, even the women who marry them are carefully selected, all of them can sing and dance, beautiful and moving. As long as they arrive in the Chu Kingdom, the king of Chu will definitely love them, and the situation of the lady will be worrying.
Jin Shang's words made Zheng Yi sweat coldly, and for the sake of her own grace, she immediately sent a message to the king of Chu, asking the king of Chu to send their mother and son to Jiangnan to avoid trouble.
The king of Chu was puzzled, and Zheng Yi cried and said: "Zhang Yi is the most valued person by the king of Qin, I heard now that the king wants to kill Zhang Yi, if Zhang Yi dies, the state of Qin will inevitably send troops to take revenge on the state of Chu, now that the state of Qin is strong, the consequences of the state of Chu provoking the state of Qin are unimaginable, it is better to send our mother and son away as soon as possible." ”
King Chu listened to Zheng Yi's words, thought about it seriously, and felt that it made sense, and he began to regret his actions, regretting that he should not have imprisoned Zhang Yi, let alone kill him on impulse, because he really had no aftermath.
Therefore, King Huai of Chu not only ordered Zhang Yi to be released, but also treated him favorably as before.
Vertical Zhang Yi is a helpless move
In the early Spring and Autumn Warring States period, the State of Chu was a large southern country with a large population, but because all countries actively changed their laws and developed their economies, their national strength continued to increase, while the State of Chu slowly showed a trend of decline due to its conservative trend.
However, the national strength of the Qin state increased greatly, and successive Qin kings worked hard to govern, develop production, expand land, and try to unify the world, which also put great pressure on the princely states.
Although the State of Chu is no longer majestic, its foundation is still there, and its strength cannot be underestimated. Therefore, the State of Chu was still the object of courtship of all countries, and in the vertical and horizontal wars, after some consideration, the State of Qi finally formed a political alliance with the State of Chu, which made the State of Qin, which was preparing to dominate the world, feel uneasy.
In 318 BC, Gongsun Yan launched a joint war, in which he gathered the five kingdoms of Wei, Chu, Han, Zhao, and Yan to attack the state of Qin, but the farthest state of Yan was weak and afraid of offending the state of Qin, so in the end he did not really send troops.
The State of Chu was the closest to the State of Qin, and he was worried about setting himself on fire and did not act in the end. Therefore, only the three Jin coalition forces participated in the war in the end, and the result of the war was the victory of the Qin state, and the defeat of the three Jin joint forces.
After the victory, the State of Qin obviously will not stop there, and the next target of the King of Qin is the State of Chu. In this context, the State of Chu formed an alliance with the State of Qi to jointly deal with the State of Qin.
However, Zhang Yi's arrival made King Huai of Chu doubt his judgment, and did not really realize the danger of the Qin state, but took a fluke and cut off his arm in order to make good friends with the Qin state, breaking with the Qi state.
In this way, the Qin State effortlessly destroyed the Qi Chu Alliance, and then broke each other, at that time, if any country faced the Qin State alone, the power difference was very large, and defeat was the inevitable end.
Weak countries have no diplomacy, as has been the case since ancient times. In the face of Zhang Yi's ingenious tongue, not talking about credit and even capriciousness, even though King Chu Huai knew that he was angry, he couldn't do anything.
The root cause is that the difference in national strength is too great, and King Huai of Chu lacks courage to openly oppose the State of Qin, and is even more afraid that killing Zhang Yi will not be able to deal with the aftermath, resulting in a more sufficient reason for the State of Qin to attack the State of Chu, so he is passive everywhere and allows others to deceive.
From this point of view, in the handling of national relations, the ultimate determining factor is its own comprehensive national strength.
If the country is weak and the people are poor, and production is backward, it is destined to be passive, and passive means being beaten, and passive will be bullied, which is an eternal truth.
Only when the country is prosperous and the people are strong, and the army is strong and strong, can we be comfortable in handling the relations between countries and have more say power.