#HistoryTalk#Learn 30 historical stories to make us wiser.
1. Bear the guilt of pleading
During the Warring States period, the State of Zhao had two important ministers, Lian Po and Lin Xiang, because Lin Xiangru made meritorious contributions many times, King Zhao named him Xiangguo, Lian Po was not convinced, thinking that his martial arts overshadowed his mouth. Lin Xiangru avoided Lianpo many times for the sake of the country, and Lianpo was ashamed to learn of his good intentions, so he carried Jingtiao on his back and went to Lin Xiangru's house to ask for sin, and since then the two have reconciled and become a friendship of life and death.
2. On paper
During the Warring States period, Zhao Kuo, the son of Zhao Fu, a famous general of the State of Zhao, learned the art of war when he was young, and his father could not defeat him when talking about military affairs. Later, he succeeded Lian Po as a Zhao general, and in the Battle of Changping, he only knew that according to the book of soldiers, he did not know how to adapt, and as a result, he was defeated by the Qin army.
3. Three orders and five applications
Sun Wuliu lived in Wu, and King Wu wanted to test Sun Wu's military talents, so he gave 80 young palace maids to Sun Wu for training. Sun Wu divided the palace maids into two teams, and made King Wu's favored Ji the captain. After Sun Wu explained the password to the palace maidens, he beat the drum and passed the order, and the palace maids laughed, and the team was chaotic. Sun Wu gave the order again, and the palace maids only thought it was funny and did not listen to the order at all. Sun Wu said that since he had understood the order and did not obey the order, it was the crime of the leader, and ordered the two captains to be executed. King Wu hurriedly sent an order that the princess could not be killed, but Sun Wu still killed two princesses. Then, Sun Wu re-trained the palace maidens, and this time no one dared to disobey the order.
4. Beacon play
In the Western New Year, the mediocre King Zhou You smiled at the princess and did not hesitate to perform in the city
The farce of fire asking the princes for advice. As a result, the minority Inujung attacked the Western Zhou, and when the beacons broke out again, the princes had no one to help, the ghost king was killed, and the Western Zhou ended. Since then, the authority of Zhou Tianzi has plummeted, and the Spring and Autumn Warring States period has appeared
The situation of the rise of the masses and the strife of the princes.
5. Honor the king
During the Spring and Autumn period, the status of the Prince of Zhou plummeted, the princes no longer obeyed the orders of the King of Zhou, and some powerful princes launched annexation wars to force other countries to recognize their hegemony. Guan Zhong assisted Qi Henggong under the banner of "respecting the king and destroying the country", making the Qi state Qi Henggong "the princes of Jiuhe, one Kuang the world", and became the first hegemon in the Spring and Autumn Period.
6. Win the Central Plains
It is said that in the process of promoting hegemony, King Zhuang of Chu led his army to show his might on the outskirts of Luoyi, where the Zhou royal family was located, and sent envoys to ask Jiuding about the size and importance. The ding symbolizes royal power, and the king of Zhuang wins the crown, indicating the heart to seize power.
7. Retreat
During the Spring and Autumn period, Jin was in civil unrest, and Chong'er, the son of Duke Xian of Jin, fled to the state of Chu. King Cheng of Chu took him in and entertained him, promising that in the event of war between Jin and Chu, the Jin army would retreat (one was thirty li). Later, with the help of Duke Mu of Qin, Chong'er returned to the Jin state to govern. The state of Jin supported the state of Song and the state of Chu in a conflict, and the two armies met in the city, retreated and retreated, lured the enemy deep and won a great victory.
8. A blockbuster
According to legend, King Zhuang of Chu (another said to be King of Qiwei) spent three years in government and spent all his days enjoying the government, ignoring the imperial government. His subordinate said to King Zhuang: "I heard that there is a big bird in the country that does not fly for three years and does not sing for three years, what is the matter?" King Zhuang said, "If this bird does not fly, it will already fly into the sky: if it does not sing, it will already be striking." "Then rectify the government of the DPRK, enrich the country and strengthen the army, and form a situation of great rule in just a few years."
9. Old horses know the way
At the request of the Yan State, the Duke of Qi Heng sent troops to attack the mountain Rong who had invaded the Yan State, got lost, released the old horse, and the troops followed the old horse to find a way out. People with a lot of experience are experienced, familiar with the situation, and can play a guiding role.
10. Surround Wei and save Zhao
The Wei state besieged Handan, the capital of the Zhao state. Zhao Guo asked Yu Qi for help. The Qi generals Tian Ji and Sun Bin led troops to rescue Zhao, and took advantage of the empty strength of the capital of the Wei state to lead troops to attack the Wei state. The Wei army came to the rescue, and the Qi army took advantage of its fatigue and defeated the Wei army halfway through, and then relieved Zhao Wei. Rear refers to the tactic of attacking the enemy's rear stronghold to force the attacking enemy to retreat.
11. Hufu riding and shooting
During the Warring States period, King Wuling, the king of the State of Zhao, was determined to change and become strong. King Wuling saw that the Hu people (ethnic minorities) were dressed in narrow sleeves and short coats, riding war horses, shooting arrows while running, moving quickly and flexibly, so he decided to learn from the Hu people, reform soldiers' clothing, and develop cavalry. In less than a year, the State of Zhao had a strong cavalry, and after the Southern Conquest and the Northern War, the State of Zhao became one of the few powerful countries at that time.
12. Stealing charms to save Zhao
The State of Qin besieged Handan, the capital of the State of Zhao, and the State of Zhao asked for help from the State of Wei, who was afraid of the State of Qin and did not dare to send troops to rescue Zhao. In a hurry, Wei Wuji, the king of Xinling, listened to Hou Win's plan, put the interests of the country first, put life and death aside, and borrowed the hands of Wei's concubine Ruji to steal the talisman and seize military power, which not only successfully defeated the Qin army and rescued the Zhao state, but also consolidated the position of the Wei state at that time. Xinlingjun's fine character of putting the interests of the country first and personal life and death being honored and disgraced has been praised since ancient times
13. Chao Qin Twilight
During the Warring States period, the two great powers of Qin and Chu opposed each other and often fought. In order to ensure their own interests and security, some princes and small states sometimes leaned towards Qin and sometimes towards Chu. The metaphor is capricious.
14. See you in the figure
Prince Dan of the State of Yan sent Jing to Thailand to assassinate King Yingzheng of Qin, and when Jing Ke bid farewell to Prince Dan, he sang "The wind is bleak and the water is cold, and the strong man is gone and will not return." "When he arrived in the Qin Kingdom, Jing Ke bought the favored courtiers of the King of Qin with heavy money and got to see the King of Qin. Jing Ke pretended to present a map of the Tuqian region to King Huanzheng of Qin, and when Win Zheng opened the map, Jing Ke grabbed the dagger rolled in the map and stabbed it at King Qin. King Qin was shocked and jerked free. Jing Ke was Qin's
Killed by samurai.
15. Ban Jing Dao
Class: Spread, Jing: Thorn. "Zuo Chuan Xianggong Twenty-six Years" "Wu Ju ran to Zheng, and he will run to Jin." Shengzi will be like Jin, meet Zhengjiao, Ban Jing and eat, and recover. "It means that Wu Ju and Shengzi meet on the outskirts of Zheng Guo, spread thorns on the ground, sit down to eat together, and talk about the affairs of Chu Guo. Later, "Ban Jing Dao" refers to friends meeting each other on the way and talking about old feelings together.
16, Cang Honghuabi
"Zhuangzi Foreign Things" "The lord of the man does not want the loyalty of his subjects, and loyalty may not be believed, so the soldiers flowed in the river, and Cang Hong died in Shu, hiding his blood for three years and turning into blue." "Cang Hong: During the Zhou Dynasty, Liu Wengong's eldest doctor Cang Hong was loyal to the imperial court all his life, but was later wrongfully killed, and legend has it that his blood turned into blue blood. Of course, the theory of Bizhi is the interpretation of posterity. Later, "Cang Honghuabi" was often used as a metaphor for a loyal person who died unjustly: or it meant that he sacrificed his life for the country and the spirit of loyalty lasted forever.
17. Suspension beam spines
During the Warring States period, there was a person named Su Qin, who was also a famous politician. When he was young, because he did not have much or deep knowledge, he went to many places to do things, but he was not taken seriously. After returning home, his family also treated him coldly and looked down on him. It was a great stimulus for him. So, he made up his mind and studied hard. He often read late into the night, was very tired, often took naps, and wanted to sleep. So he came up with a way to prepare an awl and, as soon as he doze off, he stabbed himself in the thigh with an awl. In this way, suddenly feel pain, sober yourself up, and continue to read.
18. Injuries
"Zuo Chuan Xianggong Thirty-one Years" "Today's lover is in government, but he can't do the sword and cut it, and he has a lot of injuries." The love of the son is only hurt, who dares to woo the son? In the Spring and Autumn, Zheng Guo's eldest master Zipi planned to let Yin He manage his huge mining estate. Yin He is a courtier of Zipi! Young age, no management experience and ability. Zipi said: "It's okay, you can learn without experience." If you learn for a long time, you will be. Zishan said to Zipi: "If you like someone, you will definitely think about him." A child who does not know how to take a knife, let him cut the flesh, he will definitely cut himself first. A piece of valuable brocade, you will not give it to someone who has not cut clothes, he will ruin this brocade. Great official, Dayi has to manage many people, which is much more valuable than Jin. You will not give brocade to people who cannot cut clothes, why give high officials and daeup to people with no management experience? Isn't it dangerous for a person who will not be able to drive a carriage and draw a bow and arrow, so let him go hunting? "Manipulation and cutting brocade are not the same thing, and the descendants are one. The metaphorical talent is too low to be competent for the task of great responsibility.
19. Li Ling Zhi faint
"Shiji Pingyuan Junyu Qing Liebian ": "Despise the proverb: Li Ling Zhi faint." Pingyuan Jun (Zhao Sheng) defeated Feng Ting's heresy, causing Zhao to trap more than 400,000 people in Changping, and several deaths in the postal palace. "King Zhao and Pingyuan Jun were greedy for the benefits of Shangdang's land in front of them, and the difference led to the demise of the Zhao state. Later generations described their behavior as "making wisdom faint".
20. Ding Gong sinking wells
During the Spring and Autumn Warring States period, a man surnamed Ding dug a well in his yard because he did not have a well at home, and he felt that in this way, washing and fetching water did not need to be dedicated to one person, saying that it was equivalent to getting the help of one person. When someone heard this, they spread the word about it, saying that the Ding family had obtained a person from digging a well. Later, this metaphor was used to spread falsehood, or subjectivism to explain it out of thin air, turning things upside down.
21, Qin Jinzhi is good
During the Spring and Autumn period, the mainland was in a state of separation between princes. At that time, the Qin State and the Jin State both competed with each other and used each other. In that period. Intermarriage between two princely countries or two extended families is an important way to express friendly union, and this marriage is of a political nature. Between the rulers of Qin and Jin, there were many intermarriages. Later, "Qin and Jin Zhihao" gradually developed into an idiom, generally referring to the marriage of two families.
22. Dong Shi Xiaoying
"Zhuangzi Tianyun" "So Xi Shi was sick and screamed! The ugly people in it are beautiful when they see it, and they are also happy
And Zheng Qili. When the rich see it, they close their doors and do not go out: when the poor see it, they take their wives and leave. "The parables are imitated indiscriminately, and the effect is extremely bad.
23, Thief Hate Master
"Zuo Chuan Chenggong Fifteen Years" "Thieves hate the master, and the people hate it." If you speak bluntly, you will be difficult. "Thief hates the master, means that the thief hates the master's guards, so that he cannot steal arbitrarily. The evil villain always remembers the righteous gentleman, so that he must not do evil at will. The parable is that evil people hate righteous people.
24. Forget the fish
"Zhuangzi Foreign Things" "So the hoof is in the fish, get the fish and forget the hoof, the hoof is in the rabbit, get the rabbit and forget the hoof, the speaker cares, proud and forgets the word." "Raft: Bamboo for fishing. Caught the fish, forgot about the basket. The metaphor is that after things succeed, they forget what they originally relied on.
25, White Rainbow Day
The long white rainbow passes through the sun, which is actually a halo phenomenon. The ancients believed that this abnormal celestial phenomenon was a sign of impending change: that something unusual would happen. "Warring States Policy Wei Ce IV" "Nie Zheng's thorn Han Puppet, Bai Hong Guan Ri." "Shiji Lu Zhonglian Zou Yang Lie" "The former Jing Kemu Yandan's righteousness, Bai Hongguan Sun, the prince feared it."
26. High mountains and flowing water
It is a metaphor for a confidant or soulmate, and it is also a metaphor for the beauty of music. "Liezi Tangwen" "Boya drums and pianos, aiming to climb high mountains, Zhongzi said: "Good, Ema is like Mount Tai." Aiming at flowing water, it is said: good, like a river. "Boya is good at playing the piano, and Zhong Zizhi is good at listening. When Boya played the piano, he thought of the mountains. Zhong Zizhi said, "You play so well!" It was as if a majestic mountain appeared before my eyes! Thinking about the flowing water, Zhong Zizhi said: "Okay! I seem to see a rushing river! "What Bo Ya thinks, Zhong Zizhi can accurately say his intentions. After Zhong Zizhi's death, Boya felt that he could no longer find his soulmate, so he broke his beloved piano and stopped playing it for life.
27. Hold the fire with ice
"Wu Yue Spring and Autumn Goujian Return to Foreign Biography" "Yue Wang Nian Fu Wu, Qiu Fei Shangdan Ye." Hard work, night and day. ... Winter often holds ice, summer also holds fire. "In order to destroy Wu and restore the kingdom, Yue King Goujian often sharpened his will with difficult living conditions. He hugged ice in winter, held fire in hot summer, lay down and tasted courage, worked night and day, cultivated military and political affairs internally, and married princes outside, and finally turned weak into strong and destroyed the Kingdom of Wu. Later generations used the metaphor of "holding ice and holding fire" to work hard, and also used it to refer to the hardship of life.
28. Lie down and taste the courage
In the late Spring and Autumn Period, Wu and Yue in the south also joined the war for hegemony, and Wu Wangfu defeated and captured the Yue king Goujian. Gou Guan fed his husband a horse for three years and was tortured, and the king of Yue was humiliated. After returning to China, determined to avenge the shame of the country, he asked Fan Li to help train the army, appointed people with meritocracy, personally participated in labor and insisted on sleeping on firewood and grass, and tasted a bitter guts before every meal, and finally destroyed the Kingdom of Wu.
29. Mountains and rivers on the surface
"The Twenty-eighth Year of Zuo Chuan, Duke Xuan" "Zi Guan Yu: "War also." If you win a battle, you will win the princes. If it is not successful, the mountains and rivers in the surface will be harmless. "In the Spring and Autumn Period, before the decisive battle of Jin and Chu, Duke Wen of Jin's adviser, who was also the uncle of Duke Wen of Jin, persuaded Duke Wen to participate in the decisive battle, believing that even if the battle was defeated, with the danger of Taihang Mountain and the Yellow River,
It can also be held firm. There are large rivers outside, and high mountains inside. It refers to the natural danger of mountains and rivers as a barrier.
30. Ying Shuyan said
"Han Feizi Foreign Reserve Says Top Left" "Ying people have a widow Yan Xiangguo writer, night book, fire unknown, because the candle bearer knows: "Hold the candle" cloud and pass the book to hold the candle. ... Yan Xiangbai Wang, Wang Dayue, the country is governed by governance, not bookish. "A man wrote to Xiangguo of Yan from the capital of the Chu state. When the candlelight was not too bright when he wrote the letter, the man said to the servant who was holding the candle beside him, "Raise the candle." Because he was concentrating on writing letters, he said holding candles in his mouth, and he also casually wrote the words "holding candles" into the letter. After Yan Xiang received the letter, he saw the word "holding a candle" in the letter, pondered for a long time, and said cleverly that the word "holding a candle" was too good. Raising a candle is to advocate an honest and upright policy; To advocate light, it is necessary to recommend talents to take on important responsibilities. Yan Xiang told King Yan about this letter and his understanding, and King Yan was also very happy, and according to Yan's understanding of "holding a candle", he selected virtuous talents to govern the country. Yan Guo is really well governed. Ying Ren misread, Yan Xiang misunderstood. Later generations derived the idiom "Ying Shuyan said", which is a metaphor for piercing the chisel and distorting the original meaning.