In 1964, the Beijing Opera House in Shandong Province sounded a vigorous and gentle Jun Tianguangle, in order to commemorate the victory of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the Beijing Theater used the strength of the whole troupe to rehearse this modern Peking Opera and revolutionary model play - "Surprise Attack on the White Tiger Regiment".
Revolutionary Model Drama "Surprise Attack on the White Tiger Regiment"
The audience was full of people, and Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, and other central leaders in the crowd were sitting precariously, enjoying a wonderful audio-visual feast.
On the stage, the protagonist Yan Weicai led 12 reconnaissance squad fighters to skillfully use a plan to surprise the White Tiger Regiment, annihilating 223 enemy troops in 13 minutes, but there were no casualties on our side.
After the performance, Zhou Enlai specifically instructed the Shandong Peking Opera Troupe to stay, because Chairman Mao had not yet seen this wonderful drama.
In August 1964, accompanied by Xiao Hua, director of the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army, Chairman Mao also watched the "Surprise Attack on the White Tiger Regiment" performed by the Shandong Peking Opera Troupe.
The modern Peking Opera "Surprise Attack on the White Tiger Regiment" is adapted from real events, which occurred in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and the prototype of the protagonist Yan Weicai is Comrade Yang Yucai, a first-class combat hero of the Volunteer Army.
Yang Yucai
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="8" >, the surprise attack on the White Tiger Regiment, is our regiment</h1>
One afternoon in October 2020, the warm sun sprinkled the house of the old man, the old man dressed in a neat military uniform, with a medal symbolizing honor on his chest, holding a yellowed old photo in his hand, emotionally told reporters: "In 1953, it was our regiment that attacked the White Tiger Regiment. ”
The old man's name is Zhang Kerang, and the old photo shows the young Zhang Kerang clutching a flag with a tiger head pattern and a proud look on his face, which was taken after the victory of the White Tiger Regiment in the surprise attack.
Zhang Kerang holds an old photo of the White Tiger Flag
Back in 1953, the year in which the Dawn of Peace had been ushered in on the Korean battlefield, but the Us side was still unwilling and tried to buy time at the negotiating table to prepare for the next counteroffensive, and the Volunteer Army headquarters decided to "promote talks" and promote the progress of the negotiations.
At that time, Zhang Kerang served as the director of the political office of the 203rd and 607th regiments of the 68th Army of the Volunteer Army, "At that time, the regiment sent a roundabout detachment, led by Yang Yucai, deputy platoon commander of the reconnaissance platoon, and inserted deep into the enemy. ”
The enemy Zhang Kjang is talking about here is the trump card of the South Korean Capital Division, the White Tiger Regiment.
To understand the White Tiger Regiment, we must first talk about the Capital Division, which was one of the four main divisions in South Korea that year, and was called the "First Honor Division" of South Korea by the Americans.
After taking office in the evening, South Korean President Lee Seung-seung once again strengthened the combat effectiveness of the Capital Division, and the 1st Regiment of the Capital Division was one of the first 8 regiments to be formed, with excellent equipment and well-trained, nicknamed the "White Tiger Regiment", and became the ace regiment among the ace divisions in South Korea.
White Tiger Regiment
On July 13, 1953, the Battle of Jincheng began, and Choi Chang-yan placed the White Tiger Regiment on the right side of the southeast defensive line of Jincheng, with its headquarters at Erqingdong.
After the battle began, the three battalions on the front line of the White Tiger Regiment were quickly overwhelmed by the overwhelming artillery fire of the volunteer army.
Seeing this, the volunteers immediately launched a charge at the position of the 1st company in front of the central defense line, and the White Tiger Regiment Headquarters urgently mobilized the remaining troops to support the 1st Company, and as a result, most of them were eliminated by the Volunteers on the way to support.
Within half a day, the White Tiger Regiment command post in Erqingdong had completely lost contact with the front-line troops, and The commander of the Capital Division, Cui Changyan, was as anxious as an ant on a hot pot, demanding that the White Tiger Regiment restore contact with the front line no matter what the cost.
Just when the White Tiger Regiment was in disarray on this side, the 26th Regiment on the other side also sent a request for help to Cui Changyan, who concluded that the main force of the volunteer army was on the side of the White Tiger Regiment, so he sent a mech regiment to support the White Tiger Regiment.
The 26th Regiment, which had lost its reinforcements, was quickly annihilated by the Volunteers, not only was all the positions lost, but the troops were also scattered, and when the Volunteers attacked, the 26th Regiment's position was in a mess, and even two American observers died under the fire of the Volunteers.
I thought that the White Tiger Regiment, which was supported by the Mech Regiment, would be in a better condition, but I did not expect that the Mech Regiment would slip away after seeing the volunteers rush into the position, and the explosive canisters that followed the volunteers directly destroyed the command post of the 1st Battalion, and the deputy battalion commander of the enemy's 1st Battalion, the commander of the 10th Battalion, and so on were annihilated.
The front-line troops of the White Tiger Regiment were defeated and defeated, and the next target of the Volunteer Army was the command post of the White Tiger Regiment headquarters in Erqingdong.
Old photos of the Battle of Golden City
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="118" > second, smart makeup surprise attack white tiger regiment</h1>
As early as the day before the battle of Jincheng began, the party committee of the 68th Army of the Volunteer Army sent a penetration battalion to infiltrate the detachment behind the enemy and directly attack the command post of the White Tiger Regiment Headquarters.
On the evening of the 12th, Zhao Renhu, the former deputy commander of the Qingdao Garrison District, took part in the operation, and on the evening of the 12th, Zhao Renhu sent Zhang Chaozhu, chief of staff of the battalion, with several soldiers to take advantage of the night, to step on the muddy mountain road and secretly touch a hill guarded by the enemy to "scratch their tongues" under the cover of misty rain and fog.
As soon as Zhang Chaozhu arrived outside the enemy's position, he made a face-to-face with the enemy, and the situation was urgent, Zhang Chaozhu immediately made a decision and ordered the soldiers to immediately enter the combat state.
Subsequently, several grenades "whizzed" into the enemy group, exploded flowers, and the enemy defenders who were suddenly attacked rushed to battle, Zhang Chaozhu seized the opportunity to catch the enemy by surprise, and quickly eliminated this enemy and captured three prisoners.
It was also through the interrogation of these 3 prisoners that we were able to grasp the deployment of the enemy before the Battle of Jincheng began.
Zhao Renhu
After annihilating the front-line troops of the White Tiger Regiment, Zhao Renhu, in order to prevent the grass from startling the snake, sent a roundabout detachment of 12 people, led by deputy platoon leader Yang Yucai, who accepted the order and immediately led the roundabout detachment to the Erqing Cave where the White Tiger Regiment headquarters was located.
Before leaving, Zhao Renhu found Yang Yucai and said to him, "Your task is to destroy the White Tiger Regimental Headquarters, and it will not work to destroy no matter how many enemies it is, only by destroying the Regimental Headquarters, I will give you credit!" ”
After Yang Yucai listened, he immediately stood up straight and said loudly: "Guarantee to complete the task!" ”
In this way, the members of the detour detachment put on the uniforms of South Korea and cautiously passed through the enemy's blockade area and penetrated deeper.
Halfway through, Yang Yucai glanced back and inadvertently found that the team was followed by an unknown South Korean soldier, and Yang Yucai quietly grabbed the hand of Han Dannian, the liaison officer of the Korean People's Army who was closely behind him, and signaled him to look back.
Soon, Han Tannian also found that the situation was not right, he stepped forward, calmly stopped the South Korean soldier, and also grabbed his gun, the South Korean soldier asked loudly: "What are you doing with my gun!" ”
Han Tannian listened to him speak Korean, confirmed his identity, and directly dragged him to Yang Yucai, who was tall and tall at the time, and Yang Yucai, who had three-dimensional facial features, was wearing the clothes of a US military adviser, but as soon as he spoke Chinese, the South Korean soldier was immediately frightened.
After questioning, Yang Yucai figured out the identity of this person, it turned out that he was a deserter in South Korea, the position was blown up by the cannon and then sneaked out, just met Yang Yucai and his party, thinking that they were retreating, they immediately followed.
After Yang Yucai listened to him, he did not get angry, but instead kindly explained to the other party the preferential policy of the volunteer army to treat prisoners, Yang Yucai originally wanted to educate him and let him go, but considering the particularity of the task, Yang Yucai did not dare to advocate without authorization, so he took the South Korean soldier with him.
Unexpectedly, not a few steps forward, Yang Yucai encountered several South Korean sentries, and Yang Yucai quickly asked what the soldier's password was.
Han Tannian was afraid that he would not be honest, so he asked again with a dagger against his back, and the soldier trembled in fear and gave an answer.
After receiving the password, Yang Yucai led the squad to walk forward with a big swing, and the sentry saw them and immediately raised his gun to stop Yang Yucai, and asked loudly: "Which part?" ”
Han Tannian replied in Korean: "1 regiment and 1 battalion." ”
Subsequently, Jin Dazhu, a liaison officer dressed in the clothes of a squad leader, walked up and pretended to be sternly reprimanded: "There is no look of standing guard!" ”
The sentry looked at Jin Dazhu's squad leader's costume, immediately put away his gun, and respectfully saluted, and in this way, Yang Yucai successfully passed the first guard post with the roundabout detachment.
Soon, the crowd came to the Yongjin Bridge, and they were interrogated by the sentries at the head of the bridge, and Jin Dazhu immediately gave a slogan.
Although Yang Yucai and his party answered the slogan correctly, they did not let them go, but instead of taking up their guns and walking toward Yang Yucai, they asked, "Which unit are you?" ”
Yang Yucai put his head behind his waist and grasped the dagger, and Han Danian walked up with a big swing, crossed his waist and scolded sternly: "Blind things, we are the search team!" ”
The sentry was scolded, and listening to Han Tannian's Korean language was very standard, he dispelled his suspicions, honestly stood aside, and let Yang Yucai and his party pass.
Volunteer soldiers
In this way, Yang Yucai and the roundabout detachment quickly arrived at Erqingdong, and did not expect to see the outsiders of the White Tiger Regiment not far away, parking several cars, looking like they were going to assemble.
Yang Yucai decided to take advantage of the chaos to launch an attack, touching the fish in muddy waters, and he decisively issued an order to the people behind him: "Two people hit a car and rushed across the road in the chaos." ”
Subsequently, Yang Yucai fired the first shot, and the soldiers of the roundabout detachment were grenades and machine guns, and greeted the enemy's car, and the enemy who was assembling was in a mess, shouting to Yang Yucai in a loud voice: "Misunderstood! Misunderstood! It's your own people! ”
The detachment took advantage of the chaos to rush across the road and successfully assembled under the poplar trees, and then the crowd touched the white tiger regimental headquarters.
It was midnight, there was constant quarrel in the command post, the leader of the White Tiger Regiment and the commander of the Mech Regiment were arguing fiercely, and Lin Yichun, deputy commander of the Capital Division, was struggling to pull the frame, and just when the enemy's infighting continued, the death knell of death also sounded.
Volunteer soldiers charged bravely
Yang Yucai divided the roundabout detachment into 3 combat groups and launched an attack from multiple directions towards the command post of the White Tiger Regiment headquarters, and after the first gunshot sounded, Yang Yucai shouted: "Fight fiercely!" ”
Subsequently, the soldiers threw grenades into the enemy's command post as quickly as possible, and after a violent explosion, Yang Yucai led the soldiers to rush into the command post, and comrade Bao Yuelu, a reconnaissance officer, held a machine gun and fired a crazy strafing into the house.
Soon, the command post was quiet, Yang Yucai took a flashlight and began to inspect, Bao Yuelu immediately ripped off the white tiger regiment flag hanging on the wall, the middle of the flag was the pattern of the tiger's head, the left and right sides were embroidered with the word "superior", Bao Yuelu handed the flag to Yang Yucai, Yang Yucai carefully put it away, and led the roundabout detachment towards the ditch where Zhao Renhu was located.
The battle to annihilate the Command Post of the White Tiger Regiment proceeded very quickly, annihilating 233 enemy troops in 13 minutes, and the 12-man squad led by Yang Yucai did not suffer any casualties throughout the whole process.
A roundabout detachment in a South Korean uniform in a play
After Yang Yucai rushed to the ditch, Zhao Renhu had just finished the battle, when Zhao Renhu just happened to run into a battalion of the mecha regiment, he hurriedly ordered the soldiers to hide, and quickly annihilated all the enemies.
When Zhao Renhu saw the white tiger flag held by Yang Yucai, he excitedly embraced Yang Yucai, and the soldiers also celebrated happily.
After the surprise attack on the White Tiger Regiment, the soldiers of the roundabout detachment were awarded the collective special merit, and Yang Yucai was awarded the title of first-class combat hero.
After the White Tiger Regiment and the 26th Regiment were annihilated, the Volunteer Army quickly launched an attack on the South Korean Capital Division with the "autumn wind sweeping away the fallen leaves".
In just one night, the 10-kilometer defensive line guarded by the Capital Division was completely lost, and the "Ace Division" and the "White Tiger Army", which were once praised by South Korea as the "undefeated divisions," collapsed overnight and became the "laughing stock" of the Chinese people.
The "White Tiger Flag" brought back by Yang Yucai was collected by the Military Museum and became the best witness of the "Surprise Attack on the White Tiger Regiment"!
The volunteers rushed into the white tiger regimental commander's command post
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="130" >3, modern Peking Opera "Surprise Attack White Tiger Regiment"</h1>
In 1958, Premier Zhou Enlai visited the DPRK and went to the headquarters of the Volunteer Army to visit all the officers and men, and it was at this time that Zhou Enlai suggested that the Peking Opera Troupe of the Volunteer Army create a work that reflected the great spirit of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea and present a gift to the motherland and the people.
Soon, the "Surprise Attack white tiger regiment" became the primary topic of the Peking Opera Troupe, and they found the volunteer soldiers who personally participated in the Battle of Jincheng to understand the situation, including Yang Yucai.
At that time, the Scale of the Volunteer Army Peking Opera Troupe was very small, there was no professional screenwriter, and Peking Opera actors Li Shibin, Li Guihua and others stood up and took the initiative to take over the heavy responsibility of script creation.
In 1958, the Volunteer Army Peking Opera Troupe returned to China and joined the Shandong Provincial Peking Opera Troupe, and with the help of professionals, "Surprise Attack white tiger troupe" was revised and processed many times, and finally carried out a large-scale provincial performance in the autumn of 1963.
Unexpectedly, once this "Surprise Attack White Tiger Regiment" was released, it was widely loved and respected by audience friends, and the protagonist Yan Weicai, who was based on Yang Yucai, was young and handsome, resolute and upright, and the distinctive "Xipi" singing voice was bright and cheerful, and was widely praised.
The image of Yan Weicai in "Raid on the White Tiger Regiment"
As a revolutionary model play, in addition to using a large number of professional Peking Opera movements, "Surprise Attack on the White Tiger Regiment" also draws on and absorbs many ethnic dance movements, such as the performance stage of the roundabout detachment going deep into the enemy-occupied area to break through many obstacles, borrowing from the "front in the air" and other actions.
In order to restore the reality of the situation, many combat actions were also adopted.
When Yan Weicai ordered everyone to retreat and lie down, the dance action of creeping forward alone to save his teammates belonged to the combat movements in life, which were very realistic and appropriate, leaving a deep memory point for the audience.
At that time, "Raid on the White Tiger Troupe" was a work that reflected reality with both stage and traditional beauty, the form was very novel, bringing a refreshing feeling to the audience, so that the work with excellent themes, excellent creation and excellent professional quality quickly won the attention of the CPC Central Committee.
"Peking Opera Raid white tiger troupe" was performed in Beijing
In June 1964, "The White Tiger Troupe" came to Beijing to perform, and more than a dozen central leaders, including Zhou Enlai, watched the first performance.
After the performance, Zhou Enlai also deliberately went to the head of the Yamato Tokyo Theater and asked them to stay in Beijing to continue the performance, because Chairman Mao and the people of Beijing had not yet had the opportunity to appreciate such an excellent work.
In August of the same year, Chairman Mao, who was full of opportunities, finally made time to watch this "Surprise Attack on the White Tiger Regiment" accompanied by Xiao Hua, director of the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army.
Chairman Mao's eyes could not help but blush when he saw the protagonist Yan Weicai creeping forward alone to save the soldiers who had stepped on the mines, but when he saw Yan Weicai leading the soldiers to rush to the command post of the White Tiger Regiment and capture the White Tiger Regiment flag, Chairman Mao was so happy that he applauded one after another.
After watching the performance, Chairman Mao gave the "Surprise Attack on the White Tiger Regiment" a very high degree of affirmation: "The rhythm is compact, gripping, and the efforts of the actors vividly and vividly present the real scenes on the battlefield!" ”
Chairman Mao and the drama actors pose for a group photo
Xiao Hua then told Chairman Mao that the reason why it was so vivid was because "Surprise Attack on the White Tiger Regiment" was based on real events.
Chairman Mao hastened to ask Xiao Hua who the prototype of Yan Weicai was, whether he was still there, and what position he held.
Although Xiao Hua knew that this drama was adapted, he could not remember the specific details clearly, and when he saw Chairman Mao ask this, Xiao Hua could only shake his head helplessly.
Chairman Mao called Yang Dezhi, commander of the Jinan Military Region, overnight to inquire about the specific situation, and Yang Dezhi also received a phone call from Chairman Mao and hurriedly sent people to investigate.
Soon, I got the news from Yang Yucai, who was serving as the deputy company commander of the division's reconnaissance company in the 203rd Division in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, and when the staff found Yang Yucai, Yang Yucai was leading the soldiers to practice armed crossing.
No one expected that a deputy company commander would actually be a first-class combat hero in the Campaign to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and the prototype figure of the modern Peking Opera "Surprise Attack on the White Tiger Regiment" that sensationalized the whole country.
Yang Yucai can actually have higher treatment after returning to China, but his experience is relatively special, Yang Yucai joined the army very early, but he was forced by Yan Xishan, and during the War of Resistance Against Japan and the War of Liberation, he was always in the Kuomintang troops, and was not captured by the People's Liberation Army until 1949.
Originally, Yang Yucai, as a prisoner, could take the PLA's travel expenses home to farm, but he was deeply touched by the spirit of the People's Liberation Army and took the initiative to request to join the People's Liberation Army.
From this year on, Yang Yucai's life was on the right track, and he was originally born poor and uneducated, and he was bullied in the Kuomintang troops.
After coming to the PLA troops, everyone was equal, regardless of origin, regardless of education, which made Yang Yucai feel warm, in battle and work hard, and soon joined the Communist Party of China.
After the outbreak of the Korean War, Yang Yucai entered the Korean War with the army, and because of his outstanding combat performance, Yang Yucai soon became the deputy platoon leader of the reconnaissance platoon.
After the Battle of Jincheng, Yang Yucai was awarded the first class combat hero, but the position was still deputy platoon leader, and after returning to China, because of his military resume, he only became a deputy company commander, and it is very likely that Yang Yu will become a company commander for a lifetime.
After Chairman Mao's personal interrogation, the superiors no longer cared about Yang Yucai's resume, and quickly promoted Yang Yucai to a post, and in 1975, Yang Yucai also served as the head of the Sino-DPRK friendship delegation and visited the DPRK on behalf of China.
Yang Yucai worked hard and quietly in his work for a lifetime, until 1991, accompanied by his family, he returned to his hometown of Mian County, Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province, to visit relatives.
The villagers had long heard about Yang Yucai's heroic deeds, and after learning of Yang Yucai's return, they spontaneously organized themselves to hold a warm welcome ceremony for Yang Yucai.
In 1999, Yang Yucai, who was too old to be rare, was selected as one of the hundred heroic models in the country, and the central government invited heroic models to visit Beijing.
At that time, Yang Yucai was ill and in poor physical condition, and after the children learned of this news, they all advised Yang Lao not to go to Beijing, and promised to wait for the old man to raise his body and then take him to Beijing.
However, Elder Yang, who has always been good at talking, was particularly stubborn this time, insisting on going to Beijing, and his children could not help him, so they could only accompany Elder Yang to Beijing, and sure enough, Yang Yucai had just arrived in Beijing and launched a high fever.
One of the excursions organized by the Committee on Aging was to visit Chairman Mao's Memorial Hall, and the children were worried about Yang Lao's health, so they advised him not to participate in these excursions.
Yang Yucai, who was on the hospital bed, picked up his spirits and said intermittently: "What activities... Can not go, I must ... Go again... Look at Chairman Mao..."
Mao Zedong Memorial Hall
It turned out that Yang Yucai was so stubborn that he wanted to come to Beijing because he wanted to go to Chairman Mao's memorial hall, and the old man knew that time was short and wanted to see Chairman Mao again in his lifetime.
Hearing his father say this, his children shed tears.
Since the volunteer army returned to China in 1955 and Chairman Mao personally received Yang Yucai, Elder Yang has always remembered the cordial and easy-going Chairman Mao, remembering Chairman Mao at all times, even if he is dragging a sick body, he must come to Chairman Mao's memorial hall.
In this way, with the support of his children, Yang Yucai braced himself to the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall and visited the memorial hall step by step.
When the old man came to chairman Mao's body, he reached out and pushed his children away, bowed deeply three times, and when he bowed for the last time, the old man stumbled a little, and the children rushed forward to support Yang Yucai, only to see that the old man did not know when he was already in tears.