Paying attention to health issues is particularly important for the elderly, what should be paid attention to? Let's take a look together
1. Actively recognize aging and aging
The elderly should continuously strengthen their self-care awareness, learn self-monitoring knowledge, master self-management skills, detect and standardize the treatment of diseases early, and maintain function mainly for middle and advanced diseases.
2. Moderate exercise, step by step
It is best for the elderly to choose light and moderate sports according to their own conditions and hobbies, such as brisk walking, jogging, swimming, dance, tai chi, etc.
10~11 am and 3~5 pm are the best exercise time, and each exercise time is 30~60 minutes.
3. Quit smoking early and limit alcohol consumption
The sooner you quit smoking, the better. If you drink alcohol, you should limit it, avoid drinking strong alcohol above 45 degrees, and avoid alcoholism.
4. Regular self-monitoring of blood pressure
Before the test, you should rest for 5 minutes to avoid emotional agitation, fatigue, smoking, and urine holding. Measure twice each time, 1 minute apart, and take the average of the two times.
Patients with hypertension self-measure their blood pressure at least 3 times a day (1 time in the morning, 1 time in the afternoon, and 1 time in the evening).
Be alert to the phenomenon of morning spikes in blood pressure to prevent myocardial infarction and stroke; Hypotension should also be avoided, especially due to improper medication.
5. Monitor blood sugar regularly
The elderly should monitor blood glucose every 1~2 months, not only to monitor fasting blood glucose, but also to monitor blood glucose 2 hours after meals. When the blood sugar of diabetic patients is stable, monitor blood glucose at least 1~2 times a week.
The blood glucose control goal of elderly diabetic patients should be appropriately relaxed, fasting blood glucose < 7.8 mmol/L, blood glucose < 11.1 mmol/L 2 hours after meals, or glycated hemoglobin level controlled at 7.0%~7.5%.
6. Prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
The elderly should maintain a healthy lifestyle and control risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Such as controlling excessive intake of oil and salt, moderate exercise, maintaining good sleep, regular physical examination, early detection of early symptoms of coronary heart disease and stroke, and timely treatment.
7. Pay attention to the early symptoms of stroke and send to the hospital as soon as possible
Once it is found that the elderly suddenly have symptoms such as numbness of one side of the face or limbs, hemianopia, language disadvantage, dizziness with nausea, vomiting, etc., they must call "120" and rush to a conditional hospital for treatment.
8. Pay attention to the decline of audiovisual functions
Avoid random ear picking; Drink less strong tea and coffee; When hearing loss is serious, the elderly should go to a medical institution for examination in time and wear hearing aids if necessary. Check your vision regularly and see a doctor if you notice a loss of vision.
9. Pay attention to oral health care
Insist on gargling after meals, brushing teeth morning and evening, and using dental floss or toothpicks reasonably; Oral examination is carried out every six months to repair caries holes in time; Timely replacement of missing teeth to restore chewing function as soon as possible.
10. Prevent falls
More than 90% of fractures in older people are caused by falls.
11. Prevention of osteoarticular diseases and osteoporosis
Pay attention to keeping your knee joints warm, avoid excessive physical exercise, go down stairs as little as possible, and control your weight to reduce pressure on your lower limb joints. Increase sun exposure time. Promote a balanced diet rich in calcium, low in salt and moderate amounts of protein.
12. Prevention of stress urinary incontinence
Pay attention to changes in behavior and lifestyle habits that increase abdominal pressure, such as long-term standing, squatting, weight bearing, long-term chronic cough, constipation, etc.
13. Maintain a good attitude and prevent depression in old age
Once it is found that the elderly have insomnia, headache, dizziness, tinnitus and other symptoms, and the mood is depressed, depressed, restless, unable to lift the spirit, worried about a little thing, nervous and fearful, lack of interest in daily activities, often inferiority, self-blame, guilt, everywhere passive and overly dependent, chest tightness, sleep disorders, weight loss, and other early symptoms of depression, to see a doctor in time.
14. Prevent the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease
Most Alzheimer's disease begins after the age of 65 and is mainly manifested as persistent and progressive memory, language, visuospatial impairment and personality changes. Once there are early symptoms such as obvious memory loss and prominent recent forgetting, it is necessary to diagnose as soon as possible to prevent or delay the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease.
15. Rational use of medicine
Medication should strictly abide by the doctor's advice, master the indications and contraindications, and avoid repeated medication and multiple medications. Do not abuse antibiotics, sedative sleep drugs, anesthetics, anti-inflammatory painkillers, antiarrhythmics, cardiotonics, etc.
Do not easily use "secret recipes", "home remedies", "test prescriptions", "new drugs", "foreign medicines", etc. If there are adverse reactions during medication, the drug can be temporarily discontinued and seen a doctor in time.
16. Regular medical examinations
The elderly do physical examination at least once a year, actively participate in the census organized by the government and large hospitals, attach great importance to abnormal masses, intestinal bleeding, weight loss and other early danger signs of cancer, and go to regular hospitals for treatment once abnormalities are found.
Early detection and early intervention of chronic diseases, effective interventions, and disease risk reduction. Keep complete medical records.
Promote the elderly to actively participate in society, participate in physical and mental health sports, fitness, cultural entertainment and other activities in combination with their own conditions, and promote a scientific, civilized and healthy lifestyle. Advocate the whole society to care for the elderly, and realize that the elderly have care, medical care, action, learning, and fun.