In Liu Mo Village, Changdao Town, Xihe County, Longnan City, Gansu Province, there is a row of neat and uniform bungalows, as soon as you enter the room, you will be greeted with yellowed land deeds, grain stamps, oil coupons, cloth coupons with a sense of age, agricultural tools in the early years... These dazzling and varied old objects seem to transport the viewer to a distant time.
title deed
Food stamps
Here flows the Daliu River, the main tributary of the upper reaches of the Western Han River, which is the intersection of Li County in the west and north of Longnan, with simple folk customs and deep cultural accumulation, more than ten miles away from the Qin Cemetery of Dabaozi Mountain, and only five huali roads from Qishan Mountain, and adjacent to the ruins of Ningjiazhuang, a prehistoric cultural site of mankind.
Shen Ruige has been a village branch secretary here for forty years, and collecting all kinds of old objects is his greatest pleasure. In the past 10 years, he has collected more than 6,000 items, and has always dreamed that one day, it will become a true "folk museum of the upper reaches of the Western Han River", making it a "living archive" and historical witness of the endless flowing upper reaches of the Western Han River.
01
The West Han River, a first-class tributary of the Jialing River, a tributary of the Yangtze River, originates from the Qishou Mountain in the southern part of Qinzhou District, Tianshui City, Gansu Province, flows through Qinzhou District, Tianshui City, Longnan Li County, Xihe County, Kang County and Cheng County, and flows into the Jialing River in Lioyang County, Shaanxi Province, with a total length of 212 kilometers and a basin area of 10,107 square kilometers.
Wang Qiuyun, a teacher at Xiguan Primary School in Wudu District, Longnan City, Gansu Province, is Shen Ruige's daughter-in-law, and she did not fully understand Shen Ruige's dream of a "museum" from the beginning, and later she was deeply touched by the old man's love for this land. "When I first met Western Hanshui, when I was in love with my husband, he took me to the ruins of Qishan Mountain, which was where Zhuge Liang had visited six times during the Three Kingdoms period. At that time, my husband pointed to a small river winding at the foot of the mountain and told me that this was the upper reaches of the Western Han River, known locally as the Yanguan River. The water of the Western Han River, which is not spacious and rapid, flows backwards from east to west, and naturally flows into an S shape, forming a natural Tai Chi Bagua map. Wang Qiuyun said.
In Liu Mo Village, Changdao Town, Xihe County, there are square courtyard buildings with green bricks and green tiles. Inside, the middle hall of the upper room is hung in the middle of the middle hall, and the hanging table is placed below in turn, whether it is the polished Eight Immortals table, or the Taishi chairs that are placed upright on both sides of the table, all set off the environment of the upper room very solemnly, and almost every household in the upper reaches of the Western Han River is this layout, undoubtedly, in this similar but elegant layout can be seen in the cultural context of the attack.
Wang Qiuyun introduced: "Legend has it that among the ancestors here was an oil visitor named Shen Dabi, who sued many corrupt officials in the early years of the Qing Dynasty because of his suing the imperial court, and had a great influence among the people of Xihe Li County, and also produced a tribute student Shen Shufan in the last years of the Qing Dynasty, it is said that talents, calligraphy, and articles are the first in the examination, and it is recorded in the "Lixian Chronicle", these are the people who make people in this area proud, everyone attaches great importance to culture and respects cultural people." Our old man has been responsible for rural red and white happy events for many years, and under the initiative of my husband and I, he has completed the compilation of a large number of folk cultural materials such as "Xihe Folk Tale Long Dao" and "Qiqiao Festival in the Xihe Li County Meeting Zone in the Upper reaches of the Western Han River". ”
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According to Wang Qiuyun, when she first got married, she found that her father-in-law had a collection of grain stamps, oil stamps, cloth tickets, etc. from the planned economy period, as well as various wine bottles, badges, medals, and many old and tattered items. Later, he found out that collecting these things was what he was most happy to do. "The old man has a habit of putting out all the things in his collection, so all kinds of gadgets on the cabinets at home, all kinds of vases on the table, all kinds of calligraphy and paintings on the wall, all kinds of hanging up, dazzling people, specially find a place to store these things, is our original intention."
In 2011, in order to let Shen Ruijie recuperate his body and mind after recovering from a serious illness, Wang Qiuyun and her husband suggested that the old man practice calligraphy and engage in some folk activities in his spare time. Shen Rui, who has been a village branch secretary for more than 40 years, can be said to know all kinds of folk customs and has a lot of experience, since then, he has been enthusiastically engaged in the field of folk culture excavation and sorting, inquiring along the villages in the upper reaches of the Western Han River, collecting all kinds of agricultural tools, carpenter tools and living objects that have been eliminated by modern life... The oldest collection is a stone axe and shovel dating back to the Neolithic period. Ancient, modern, modern, contemporary, you name it. There are donations from others, and there are those who buy them at their own expense.
Tools
Stone axe
With the efforts of Shen Rui, gradually, his family's collection of folk culture has increased, and many friends have sent old family items for many years to their door after learning about it. Shen Ruige and his son's two generations are obsessed with collecting folk objects, and daughter-in-law Wang Qiuyun jokingly calls them "raggy".
Later, this thrifty collecting habit from the elderly slowly evolved into a family-wide collecting behavior, and now there are 6,000 large and small collections, condensing the efforts of three generations of the family. During this period, due to the increase in the number of collections, it also attracted some attention, and some people wanted to pay for it to be packaged and purchased, but Shen Rui's father and son said, "The collection is the soul of the place, and if you leave, you will not be satisfied with the water and soil, and you will not sell it for much money." ”
Seeing the accumulation of collections, the idea of establishing the "Western Han Upper Reaches Folk Culture Museum" was born.
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Shen Rui has about 300 land deeds of various types, as well as about 100 documents and bills of various kinds, especially the title deeds of the Qing Dynasty are the most representative.
"Contracts, this kind of Qing Dynasty archives, played an important role in the economic and social development of the Qing Dynasty, and there was a saying that 'private practice, all based on deeds'. These land deeds and documents have important reference value for the study of the Qing Dynasty land system and tax system here. Shen Ruige said.
Shou Lian
"The Complete Book of Eyes in the Earth"
Ten years of collection, leaving too many stories.
Among them, there is a Qing Dynasty Shou Lian, Shen Rui said that it is a well-known local work during the Republic of China, neatly written, four strip screens, for the pavilion calligraphy at that time, the surrounding is damaged, and some characters are damaged. This collection was donated by a gentleman named Wang Wenming in Daliu Village, and according to the donor, the collection suffered several disasters, and once was almost stuffed into the kang hole by his old father.
There are also two stone axes, which Shen Rui said were donated by Mr. Shen Hulin, a caring person. "The two stone axes were about the scope of the Ningjiazhuang cultural site of prehistoric civilization, and they were almost thrown away as ordinary stones that year, because I heard that I was going to build a museum, so I donated them for free, which is also one of my earliest collections here."
Don't look at the simplicity here, but there are many treasures in it - a set of 12 Qing Dynasty line books, which are the "Into the Earth Eye Series" and "Into the Earth Eye Complete Book" written by Elder Gu Tuo of the Northern Song Dynasty. "Since the Song Dynasty, the book has been copied by the giant clan and written for hundreds of years, and it has been kept secret for a long time, and it can be regarded as a treasure by public opinion. The collection was also donated by Mr. Yang Jinshan, a local benefactor, and it is said that this set of books is a Qing dynasty print, handed down by his great-grandfather when he learned feng shui, and has endured several generations and tribulations. The donor felt that few of the descendants would be able to read the book, so they donated it to our collection. Shen Ruige said.
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With the acceleration of rural urbanization, old objects of rural folklore are gradually dying out... The Folk Museum has become an important carrier for promoting the spirit of national culture by relying on rich and diverse folk cultural relics and collections, which not only preserves the characteristics of regional folklore, but also plays a vital role in spreading folk culture.
Wang Qiuyun is not from Xihe, but she said that in the past ten years, she herself has become more and more aware of the old man Shen Ruige's love for the land in the upper reaches of the Western Han River, "This simple and simple 'folk museum' in our family is the pride of the whole family." At present, the construction of the folk museum is also on the agenda under the attention of governments and leaders at all levels, and it is hoped that in the near future, it will become a treasure chest of unique folk culture in the upper reaches of the Western Han River. ”
Wen Tu丨Rushing News Reporter Jing Wen