Department of Clinical Laboratory Hou Jiayi
Do you find spicy crayfish delicious and raw fillets to be authentic? Do you particularly like field snails and three-point cooked steaks? Yes, these are wildly popular delicacies, but do you know the risks behind these delicacies? Many people think that now that the sanitary conditions are better, the parasitic disease is gone, and they can eat meat, seafood and other fresh foods with confidence. But in fact, the principle of "disease from the mouth" cannot be ignored at any time. Although the quarantine and disinfection conditions are constantly improving, there are still some parasites or eggs hidden in the animal's body, which foods are easy to breed parasites?
1. Crayfish - lung trematodiasis
In the hot summer, eating crayfish is a scene on the streets of many cities. "China's Crayfish Hometown" Hubei Qianjiang City Crayfish Restaurant is numerous, the entire lobster season can consume more than 4,000 tons. However, most freshwater crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs may be the host of lung flukes, and if the method of consumption is not scientific, eating crayfish is prone to lung fluke disease.
Transmission of lung trematodes requires several stages. First of all, infected cats and canines will contain lung trema worm eggs feces into the water, the eggs hatched in the water into hairy cysts, hairy worms in the sichuan snail, snail and other first hosts to develop into tail cysts, the tail cymbals discharged into the water into the crayfish, hairy crab, brook crab and other second hosts, into cysticers, infected with lung fluke cysticers If the crayfish infected with lung flux cysts are not completely killed in the cooking process, people eating such crayfish may be infected with pneumocystis. Lung flukes mainly parasitize the human lungs, mild can be manifested as cough, chest pain, hemoptysis, severe may cause heavy bleeding in the lungs, so that the organs are blocked, resulting in death.
Expert reminder: When cooking and processing aquatic products such as crayfish, you should ensure that they are thoroughly cooked, and it is best not to eat the head of the crayfish when eating.
2. Sashimi - liver flukes
Sashimi (called "sashimi" in Japanese) is one of the most iconic and distinctive foods in Japanese cuisine. Sashimi is tender and delicious, nutritious, more and more eaters, if the sashimi is eaten without special treatment, it will cause harm to health, and even cause "big trouble". Because these freshwater fish often parasitize liver fluke disease, the average infection rate of freshwater fish parasites in Guangdong, Guangxi and other places is as high as 60%. Liver flukes are mainly parasitic in the human liver and bile ducts, damaging the human liver, patients often feel liver pain, abdominal distension, abdominal discomfort, and liver function abnormalities can be found during examination.
Experiments have proved that there are two ways to deal with parasites in sashimi: one is to heat cooked food, and the other is to freeze them in an environment below minus 20 ° C for 24 hours. Although cooking fish and eating them is the most effective way to eliminate parasites, you who love sashimi are obviously unacceptable. In contrast, the means of freezing are much more reliable. It is understood that the parasite has poor resistance to heat and low temperature, and can be killed after freezing at minus 20 ° C for 24 hours.
Therefore, you must not be fooled by the ice cubes under the sashimi plate, this is only used to cool down and increase the taste, not only does not play a role in eliminating parasites, but may prolong the survival time of some parasitic larvae.
3. Snail - Guangzhou tube roundworm disease
Guangzhou tube roundworm mostly exists in the land snail, freshwater shrimp, toad, frog, snake and other animals, if people do not cook to eat, susceptible to Guangzhou tube strong nematode infection parasitic disease. People are infected by intermediate and transient hosts containing the larvae of the worm, raw or semi-raw, and can also be infected by eating vegetables, fruits and vegetables contaminated with larvae raw, or drinking raw water.
Some people in order to eat tender, just boiling water to eat, if people eat raw or eat uncooked snail meat may be infected with roundworm. Once infected with Tube Strongiasis, it will travel through the human body and burrow into the brain, and the lesions will be concentrated in the brain tissue, in addition to the brain and meninges, including the cerebellum, brainstem and spinal cord. Mild clinical symptoms are headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and severe shock, mania and even death.
Doctors remind that pay attention to hygiene when eating barbecues and suppers, do not eat raw or undercooked freshwater fish, shrimp, or meat of animals such as half-raw frogs, snakes, poultry, pigs, etc., and do not swallow snake bile raw and drink raw water. Don't go swimming or rafting in the creek in the summer. Use raw and delicatessen knives and containers separately. As ordinary consumers, we should be responsible for our own health, refuse the temptation of "dangerous food", and pass the good "disease through the mouth".