First, the dynamics of diseases and insects
1. Adult cotton bollworms: 102 regiment 1 continuous detection and reporting lamp from May 1 to June 9 to induce 73 cotton bollworms, May 19-20 is the peak of wintering generation feathering; the Communist Youth League early warning station monitoring point may 1 to June 9 lure 91 moths, May 10 to 16 is the peak of wintering generation feathering, the peak is neat and obvious. (Compared with 29 heads in Yerba Buena Lake, 17 heads in Xinhu Lake, and 87 heads in the Communist Youth League in the same period of 2017).
Chart analysis: According to the survey and comparison of the monitoring and reporting lights of the early warning station of the Communist Youth League of Shishi City Plant Protection Station for several consecutive years, the peak of wintering generation of cotton bollworm in 2020 was 4-6 days earlier than that of May 16-22, 2017; the peak of feathering in the wintering generation in the same period of 2016 was not obvious until June 2, 2016, and the peak of feathering was 18-20 days earlier; the same period of 2020 was consistent with the peak of feathering in the 102 regiment.
Eggs and larvae: 0.1 100 eggs of 100 cotton plants were surveyed in the western line on May 20, 0.1-0.3 eggs were surveyed in the field, 0.05 heads/larvae were surveyed; on May 24, 5 larvae of 100 plants in the tomato field of Yerba Buena Lake were surveyed, mainly 2-3 instars; 0.002 eggs in 106 clusters of 100 eggs; 0.1 1 in 100 plants were surveyed on May 25; as of June 8, the incidence area of tomato cotton bollworms was 58,000 mu, and the occurrence area of cotton bollworms in cotton fields was 0.65 million mu.
Combined with the survey data of the two wheat field sweep nets in the cotton planting field in 2020 and the proportion and temperature of larvae in each age level, the peak of the feathering of adults of the sixth division cotton bollworm generation is expected to have 2-3 peaks from mid-to-late June to early July, which is close to the feathering period of the calendar year. After the first wheat field sweeping net survey, the control of wheat cotton bollworms was carried out in individual group farms, which reduced the field base, combined with the reasons for insect-resistant cotton varieties, the incidence of second-generation larvae in cotton fields was predicted to be grade 2, the incidence degree of occurrence in cotton fields near tomatoes and corn in Yerba Buena Lake and the middle line was grade 3, and the incidence of tomatoes, melons, sunflowers and other crops was grade 3. At present, tomatoes, melons, gourds, and sunflowers are still in the larval harm period of the cotton bollworm generation.
2, cotton aphid: Yerba Buena Lake on the 5th in the 30 cotton field to investigate the cotton aphid center plant, a single plant aphid volume of 65, 103 regiments on May 26 in the tomato field found a small number of cotton aphids, 106 regiments of each company have found cotton aphid center plant, individual cotton fields have been in a state of spot occurrence. The number of aphids on fruit trees and vegetables in the five canal communities has exceeded the control targets.
Due to the influence of general prevention of employees with drugs, it is expected that cotton aphids will spread in the cotton fields in late June, with a degree of occurrence of level 3 and individual cotton fields of 4.
3. Cotton leaf mites: the survey of each cotton group farm is the central plant stage, 103 groups of may 9 to find the center plant, June 5 to 30 cotton fields in Yerba Buena Lake to find the center plant, 106 groups of mite plants rate of about 1%. As of the 10th, the area of the division is more than 300 mu, and the mite plant rate is <1%.
It is expected that after the cotton is topped, the spread hazard of cotton leaf mites around June 20 will occur to a degree of 2.
4. Other pests in cotton fields: from May 1 to June 8, the Communist Youth League monitoring and reporting points lured 36 rice green bugs, and on May 22, 1 cotton blind bug was found in the 30 cotton fields of Fangcao Lake. Some cotton fields such as Yerba Buena Lake cotton fields and mounds were found to be harmful to double-spotted fireflies and scarabs.
5, tomato diseases and insect pests: tomato diseases to root rot mold and stem base rot mainly, Yerba Buena Lake, 106 regiments, military farm field survey incidence rate of 2%-5%, 103 clusters of pathogenic plant rate of 0.01%, Yerba Buena Lake on May 24 survey cotton bollworm 100 larvae 4, mainly 2-3 years old, 103 clusters of tomato cotton bollworm 0.08 head / 100 plants, 106 clusters of tomato harm plant rate of 0.2-0.5%.
6. Wheat disease: Wheat powdery mildew, rust, smut disease and bacterial stripe disease in Qitaiken Area were not found. Grade 2 bacterial stripe disease and powdery mildew in wheat in Tudunzi farm and military farm, and grade 2 bacterial stripe disease in wheat on the Communist Youth League farm.
7. Corn diseases and insect pests: powdery mildew, large and small spot disease, and silk smut disease in Qitaiken Area have not been found in the census. On May 29, the Communist Youth League surveyed 31 corn borers, the military household monitoring and reporting points induced 2 corn borers from June 3 to 9, and the 9-10 corn field survey of military farms has found corn borer hazards.
8, melon diseases: mainly blight and root rot mold disease, due to the continuous high temperature, drought, less rainfall, 103 regiments of field census diseases have not yet occurred, the Communist Youth League, 105 regiments of watermelon sporadic occurrence.
9. Natural enemies: sweeping net ladybugs 0.1-17 heads/hundred nets, grasshoppers 0.1-12 heads/hundred nets, spiders 0.1-15 heads/hundred nets (20-80 hundred net ladybugs in 2018, 2-30 bug hunting, spiders 10-30 heads), 102 regiments of June 3 detection lights single lamp to lure grass worms 214 heads, Bee Bees, 3 head hunting bugs. Compared with previous years, the number of natural enemies is relatively small. It is difficult to see predators in cotton field investigations.
2. Weather trend forecast of Shishi Meteorological Bureau in June 2019
The average temperature in May is 19.6~22.3°C, 2.2~3.4°C higher than usual, and 4.2~4.6°C higher than last year. The monthly precipitation is 2.0 to 11.4 mm, which is 11.4 to 22.8 mm less than usual and 11.0 to 31.2 mm less than last year.
It is estimated that the average temperature in June is higher than that of the usual year (23.8 to 24.0 °C) and last year (21.3 to 24.4 °C), and the precipitation is close to the usual (15.0 to 17.8 mm), which is less than last year (15.4 to 24.5 mm). Among them, the temperature in the first half is high, and the precipitation is slightly less; the temperature in the middle is slightly lower, and the precipitation is slightly more; the temperature in the second half is slightly higher, and the precipitation is slightly less. Forecast: The weather process is 5 days, 14 days, 18 days, 27 days.
Third, the current main plant protection work
Combined with the meteorological forecast of Shishi City and Moso Bay, the accumulated temperature in early June 2020 is more than in previous years, and the growth period of various crops is earlier than in previous years, and it is currently at the end of wheat filling, the cotton bud stage - the initial flowering period, and the tomato fruit stage, which is a key period for the formation of various crop yields. It is also a critical period for the occurrence of various pests and diseases. All regimental farms should implement as soon as possible the notice on printing and distributing the "Implementation Opinions of the Sixth Division and Wujiaqu City on Further Strengthening and Improving the Construction of the Agricultural Technical Service System" (reorganized by the party group of the division and city [2020] No. 2) to improve the agricultural technology service system of the regimental field and the company, and the scientific and technological members and plant protection personnel of the regiment field should focus on investigating the strip fields where cotton aphids and cotton leaf mites occur heavily according to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in the regimental field in previous years, combined with the actual situation of crop development in 2020, so as to achieve early detection, early warning, and early prevention.
First, fully suppress the base number of the first generation of cotton bollworms, and lay the foundation for the prevention and control of second-generation cotton bollworms
1. Adopt green prevention and control measures to trap and kill adult cotton bollworms
The plant protection personnel of each regimental field checked the insecticidal lamps in time, cleaned the insect trap bags, ensured that each lamp worked normally, increased the trap measures such as poplar handles, syrup bottles, sexual traps, etc., effectively and continuously booby-trapped cotton bollworms, and added food lure bottles at the observation points to record the feathering of cotton bollworms, providing a basis for field prevention and control.
2. Strictly implement the cotton field prevention and control indicators to avoid the victimization of cotton bud bells
The control indicators of the first generation of cotton bollworms in the cotton field of the Corps: the cumulative number of eggs dropped by 100 plants was 3-5 eggs or 2 larvae per 100 plants; the control index of the second generation of cotton bollworms in the cotton field was 20-25 grains or 8-10 of the 100 plants of folded third-instar larvae. For cotton fields that meet the control targets, sprays are applied to the safety of natural enemies with obligatory agents and biopesticides for control. Cotton fields that do not meet the control indicators do not need to be chemically controlled, and the agents for recent control can choose matrine, cnidine, cotton bollworm karyotype polyhedral virus 60 billion, methyl vitamin salt, chlorpyrifosum benzamide, tetrachlorofenamide, indicosine, flulingurea and other agents. The use of organophosphorus, broad spectrum and permethrin insecticides is strictly prohibited in cotton fields!!! Field investigation will continue after prevention and control, and prevention and control will continue to be carried out if the prevention and control targets are met.
Second, cotton aphids, cotton leaf mite control
For cotton aphids, cotton leaf aphid central plants and spot chips to insert a good mark, each regiment field company hanging yellow card observation, the central plant point piece spray timely treatment, as of June 10, the occurrence of winged aphids is not very large, because the natural enemy is to feed on aphids for mass reproduction, the best way to control aphids is to point pieces, point slice control, to control harm, the leaf curl rate oil leaf rate is not the indicator, do not spray medicine, play insurance drugs and incorrect medication is often counterproductive, will lead to the spread of cotton aphid population and drug resistance enhancement, resulting in passive prevention and control in July. It is necessary to control and control cotton field pests on the basis of monitoring and investigation, and the cotton fields that meet the control indicators are targeted by special agents, and the cotton aphid control agents use acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxazine, flufenamidine, furazine, flufenacilamide, spironosyl ester and other low-toxicity pesticides, and the control agents of cotton leaf aphids use avermectin, tetracarboxylate, pyridoxine, ethanazole, spiron esters and other agents.
Third, do a good job in the prevention and control of wheat diseases and insect pests
In order to control the harm of pests and diseases and dry and hot air, wheat fields that have not carried out pest control recommend that the "one spray and three prevention" work be completed by June 15, and the UAV control agent should use concentration rationing, early morning or evening control. At the end of June, after the wheat harvest, the wheat field should be ploughed in time to destroy the pupae site of cotton bollworm and reduce the base number of second-generation cotton bollworm.
Fourth, tomato pest control
In the next stage of tomato fruit setting stage disease will appear, disease prevention and control to prevention, before the rain for the control period, powdery mildew using propyclazole, pentazol, pyrazole ether ester and other agents to control, stem base rot and root rot mold can be combined with drip irrigation xyrrheptin, trichloroisocyanuric acid, the use of downy mildew hydrochloride, frost urea manganese zinc, daisen manganese zinc, fine nail cream • manganese zinc and other agents foliar spray control, cotton bollworm control using paternets spray once in 7-10 days.
Fifth, corn disease and pest control
In order to prevent diseases such as tumor black powder and silk smut and maize red spider harm before jointing, the use of pentazole (propiconazole) + acaricide is used for one-time prevention and control, the amount of liquid medicine is 60 kg per mu, and the overhead pharmaceutical equipment is sprayed in place.
Sixth, melon disease prevention and control
Powdery mildew generally begins in mid-to-late June. Foliar spraying of oxyzolin, pentazole, carbendazim • flusilazole, phenethocyction, ether ester • adiamide foliar spraying was used; blight was sprayed with oxymyrrine or trichloroisocyanuric acid or drip irrigation with water, xenomyrrine, downy mildew hydrochloride, pyrazole ether ester • daisen lian, pleuris lipid foliar spraying alternately; downy mildew was used alternately using polyantimycin, methylstillin • manganese zinc, pyrazole ether ester • daisenlian, enoyl morpholine • pyrazole ether ester, pyrazolide ester, pyrazolide • phenylethicazole foliar spray alternately.
VII. Strengthen safety education, publicity, and supervision, and put an end to safety accidents
June is the month of safe production, and all regiments and farms should especially do a good job in agricultural safe production, and in the process of disease and pest control, they should guide the staff and workers to use pesticides scientifically and rationally to improve the effectiveness of prevention and control. It is necessary to control pesticides and locomotives well, insist on carrying out prevention and control work in the early morning or evening, and strictly prohibit the application of drugs at high temperatures at noon. Take protective measures during the process of dispensing and applying the drug to prevent pesticide poisoning incidents. Strengthen the management of pesticide packaging, pesticide users must not discard pesticides and pesticide packaging in drinking water sources and rivers to clean medicinal equipment, to ensure the safety of water sources. It is strictly forbidden to throw it away, and the pesticide waste packaging will be sent to the dealer for unified disposal in a timely manner after the drug is used. Insecticidal lamps should be set up warning signs according to safety requirements, and professional electricians should be asked to eliminate hidden dangers in electricity use in time.
Source: Sixth Division Plant Protection Station 2020 Fifth Phase Of Disease and Pest Information, Graphic Editor: Tianshan Plant Protection, please indicate the source when reprinting!