Wen | Shiso
Leisurely Chinese civilization, beautiful for 5,000 years. The ancient villages scattered around are like the brilliant pearls scattered in the long river of time, more like the waves in the vast smoke waves, lingering on the shore of the years, the vicissitudes of the world, gentle and gentle to tell...
In the beautiful Golden Capital Zhaoyuan, there is a historic town, known as Zhang Xing Town, she is backed by mountains, surrounded by mountains and water, with both the pride of the mountains and the charm of the water. Here the mountains and rivers are beautiful, the people are brilliant, the folk customs are simple, the night is not closed, it is a real paradise, nine ancient villages with different styles are left behind and independent, and the beauty is indispensable!
The first beauty of the ancient village: the beauty of architectureThere are many ancient villages in Zhangxing Town, with thousands of well-preserved century-old houses, and some even the entire village has maintained the most original and complete quaint style. All are courtyards with unique Jiaodong characteristics. Based on the mountainous nature of the mountain, the rocky mountain and the trees, people have made the most of this natural gift. The houses built, except for the beams made of wood, are all made of stone. The dry walls made of stone do not require cement grouting, and they are naturally stacked together like this, which is natural. After hundreds of years of wind and rain, it is still safe and sound; The long stone strips and small stones are mixed and paved with farm yards, simple and pure, and every step feels the solidity from the earth. The streets and alleys are naturally stone, and the elders are called hutongs. The streets and alleys here are extremely interesting, there are "Chessboard Street", "Mopan Street", "Mill Street", "Shitiao Street", 100-meter Hutong, Locust Tree Hutong, Single Hutong, Gatehouse Hutong, Corner Hutong, Double Hutong, etc.; There are several circular ancient wells in each village, the stones are built from the bottom to the upper layers, and the clear well water reflects the blue sky and white clouds, and the magic is that it has not dried up for hundreds of years; The ancestral hall and the Guandi Temple are very sacred in the hearts of the locals, and the architectural style is full of wisdom and piety. The roof ridges are blessed with the distinctive Jiaodong characteristics of "five ridges and six beasts" and other sacred beasts, and the brick carvings, wood carvings and stone carvings on the gate tower are exquisite and rigorous. The most patterned is the lotus flower, as well as the auspicious motifs such as the Pine Crane Yannian, the Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea, and the Fulu Shouxi in various fonts, which pinned people's wishes and desires for a better life. It is said that when Huangxian Jufu Ding Xiaowu came to customize a "shou material", Wang Daguan spent a full three months day and night to make it, not only the outside was very elaborate, but also the inside was ingenious: there were two dragons in front of the plate, and it was a big dragon set of small dragons, and the two sides were carved with "two immortals offering peaches", and the inside was carved with "Eight Immortals Celebrating Shou". Wang Daguan's unprecedented and wonderful conception and carving skills spread rapidly in ten miles and eight townships, which made people breathtaking. It is rumored that Ding Xiaowu was very satisfied after looking outside, and gave a year's silver with a big hand, Wang Daguan was a real craftsman, refused to collect more, and the dispute was finally based on the silver paid in half a year, so the two later became friends. It is a pity that Wang Daguan did not leave these treasures in his own home, and now there are still his wood carvings on many of the gates in the village, and there are still his handwriting on the door of Wang Yuetong's old man's home: on the left is "Deer Crane Tongchun", on the right is "Bangs Play Golden Toad", the "Phoenix Wearing Peony" diagram that best shows his skills, after the erosion of the years, there is only one silhouette left, and the peony and the phoenix are gone. The old people in the village have witnessed the magic of the two lifelike phoenixes crossing the open peony flowers, and think about what kind of beauty it should be! This is not only a work, the culture behind the work, the ancestors have long penetrated, the deer harmonic "six" and "crane" represent "he", "liuhe" refers to "heaven, earth, east, west, south, north" refers to the world. Six contracts of spring, the world is spring, everything is thriving! And the bangs play the golden toad, which means that the wealth and wealth are widespread. How much knowledge does an ordinary folk craftsman hundreds of years ago have hidden in his heart? The gatehouse of an ordinary person's home is so elaborate, so how should the interior be exquisite? There are many gatehouses like this in this village, which is enough to prove that the material and cultural life of this small mountain village was already very rich at that time. Only in this way can we give birth to craftsmen with such skill. It is a pity that people lack awareness and connection of the inheritance of this exquisite folk skill, and many things have been lost, which makes people can't help but strangle their wrists.
Also revered, there is also the "corner street" of the ancient village, because it is a mountain village, the terrain is uneven, the houses are built according to the mountain, the street surface is seven curves and eight "corner streets", the same trend is built with the corner wall, along the street surface of the terrain, some turn once, some need to turn twice or even three times, how to turn completely according to the actual direction of the street geographical location and decide, it is also this trend of a turn, the cleverness of the turn, the wisdom of the turn, the turn and the public streets and alleys do not violate, to the greatest extent to save space, Quite Zhang Tingyu's "a family letter is only for the wall, let him three feet and why bother" of the heart and temperament. You have me and everyone has, this unique turn, highlighting the humble and courteous broad mind of the ancestors, "corner street" also from another angle to better interpret the character and cultivation of the ancestors, the ancestors told us in this way, many bends, the turn or to turn, like a leaf of the river of years, there will always be a thousand turns, willow dark flowers!
The story of the craftsman reflects the noble character, and the corner street contains the arms of the ancestors! Such a wall, such a street, facing every brick, every tile, every tree, every stone here, we are in awe, grateful, aren't we? Every stone here is hundreds of years old, every stone is a story, and what our ancestors left us is a virtue that is more noble than gold! The more you walk into the ancient village, the more you admire her, as if every moment you look at her, it is worth paying attention to devout worship!
The second beauty of the ancient village: the beauty of foodThe people take food as the sky, which is a truth handed down from ancient times, and the pictures of the life of apes in the museum are all painted with women with animal skins tied around their waists playing bonfires and preparing food, which shows that food is for human beings, before everything else. So whether from the perspective of loving yourself or loving others, "food" is a big thing, a woman who does not love to cook, like dried raisins, may be sweeter, but lost the essence of the pearl. And the women in the mountains are all natural gourmets, otherwise how can there be so many gourmets passed down from generation to generation? Folk folk rumors say: "The cake of the Well Eye Shop, the noodles of the Longfeng Gorge, the dumplings of the upper courtyard, the rice of the stone shed, the sweet potato and fish of the Xu family, the bun of the Chuanlin family, the porridge of the milk farm, the bean sprouts of the Cong family, the meat of the Jiang family, and the fans of the Luan family river can't eat enough..."
From tiny green beans to long silver wires, doesn't it sound a little incredible? The beans are so hard, the fans are so soft, do you know how many people and how many days of silent giving? A bean takes more than 40 processes to complete this gorgeous transformation! What kind of whimsy and ingenious ideas did our ancestors have to accomplish this great invention? It is really the crystallization of wisdom and sweat! Fans are quite popular with the public for their delicate and smooth, appetizing and healthy spleen, Taiwanese female writer Sanmao also expressed her love for fans in the "Desert Hotel" section of "The Story of the Sahara", Sanmao made a fan to cook chicken soup, and used chopsticks to pick a fan for Jose to eat, Jose asked what is so delicious? Sanmao said: It was the first rain in spring, it rained on the high mountains, and it was frozen one by one... Therefore, Jose often ate this "spring rain" after that.
If you think that the specialty of the ancient village is only fans, it is a big mistake, and the same legendary is the "Guze" in the upper court, "Guze" is the local dialect, which is what we often call "dumplings". The dumplings in the upper courtyard are not ordinary dumplings, they are the dumplings of the White Fox Gang Wang Meige, very small and exquisite. It is said that this upper house dumpling is very spirited, the woman eats the sai fairy, the man eats the sai fairy!
The noodles of Longfeng Gorge, known locally as "Dragon and Phoenix Noodles", and the "Dragon and Phoenix Xiang Noodles" made by Xiaolongnü for her husband, were spread as delicacies in the local area and gradually evolved into today's noodles. The wide one is the dragon noodle, the thin phoenix noodle, you can point the dragon noodle, you can point the phoenix noodle, you can also point the dragon phoenix noodle. Two strands of noodles in a bowl are wrapped together, implying entanglement and love forever.
The "porridge" of the dairy farm, the astragalus porridge that replenishes the air, the fresh and tender mountain mushroom porridge, the celery shrimp porridge, the chestnut porridge, the sorghum porridge, the red bean barley porridge, the corn porridge, the millet porridge, the multigrain porridge and so on. I love to eat the "buckle bowl meat" of the Jiang family in Jiegou, which will always remind people of the moving legend of "Wang'er Mountain", eat the fragrant button bowl meat, and think of the loving mother who looks forward to the return of the child every day, so that she has a hobby!
Too many delicacies, are the mountain people's farm yard and mountain native ingredients, absolutely pure green, pure natural, zero pollution, warm stomach and nourish the heart. There are also the ancestral crafts of the mountain people to pickle their own pickled porridge companion "red pickles", the strong taste of home once again stimulates your taste buds, not to mention the ancient village locust flower buns, mountain hawthorn buns, mountain spinach, mountain celery, mountain mushroom stew chicken ....... Clay bowls and vegetables are on the kang, so that you can retrieve your childhood memories and enjoy themselves.
The third beauty of the ancient village: the beauty of the homestayThe homestay in the ancient village is the most like a homestay, "Ju'er Mountain House" retains the original brick and tile, a table and a chair, there is a wardrobe, table and chair, and a grandfather clock for the marriage of mrs. and grandmother; There are pipes, futons, and straw shoes used by mrs. and grandpa; There are grandma's used small needle and thread baskets, grandpa's radios; Grandpa wore tiger head shoes and small belly pockets as a child..... These old objects with a sense of age have been handed down from ancient times to the present, and most of them have a thick layer of paste, which is very old and kind. Grandma's cardigan robe is still there, the workmanship is exquisite, the stitches are symmetrical, the beauty of simplicity and nature is to the extreme, tourists like to wear this azure robe to take a few beautiful photos, leaving a good memory belonging to the ancient village, when the ancient and modern encounter, deduce a kind of time and space interlaced beauty and no sense of violation. When the twilight is the most beautiful time in the ancient village, the warm light reflects the carved wooden windows, sitting cross-legged on the big earth kang and cutting the window flowers with the grandmother; Or a person reading a few pages of a book under the lamp and chanting a few words is extremely beautiful. Get up in the morning, listen to the birds chirping outside the window, pick a bunch of dewy mountain chrysanthemums, and pin your hands in your hair, and the little daisies will fragrant your flower-like smile... When you exile yourself from the hustle and bustle of the city to this ancient village, you can feel that at this moment, you seem to be a fine grass in the spring, adhering to the grace of nature, taking in the thick atmosphere of the earth, proudly standing under the heavenly dome, deeply rooted in the earth.
The fourth beauty of the ancient village: the beauty of folk artIn ancient times, there will be spirits and show people. The ancient village is rich in stonemasons, carpenters, bricklayers, plasters and other craftsmen, so there will be so many wood carvings, stone carvings, brick carvings, and root carvings. The traditional staple food of northerners is steamed buns, so naturally derived the most widely spread and favored noodle sculpture in the local area. Steamed buns have been endowed with a wealth of imagination and creativity, although no one has ever seen a dragon and a phoenix, but the mountain people have made a "dragon and phoenix xiangxiang" face sculpture, from the beginning of a simple spray of a little red color to the use of brushes to depict, the work of secondary creation, so that the work is more perfect. Every New Year's Festival, the wedding of the newlyweds, the construction of beams on the house, the full moon of the child, the old man's birthday celebration, etc., there are many kinds, different shapes, brilliant colors, it is really beautiful and do not want.
In addition to face sculpture, grass products are also a necessary craft for the hostess of every household, and in ancient times, there was no such rich material as it is now. At that time, from wearing to using basically self-sufficient living conditions, the people in the mountains did not lack firewood and grass, so they took local materials, mountain grass and corn husks could do anything, straw shoes and straw hats, straw futons, straw curtains, straw mats, wicker basket baskets and rattan chairs, etc., were all compiled by a pair of industrious hands, so the ancients cloud: "A porridge and a meal are not easy to come by thinking, half a thread and half a wisp of constant thoughts are difficult", that is definitely the true experience of epiphany in the practice of life.
Root carving is definitely the patent of the people in the mountains, the trees are the descendants of the mountains, but also the unique gifts of the mountains to the people in the mountains, the roots of many thousand-year-old trees are buried deep in the mountains, the villagers dig them out, delete the complexity and simplicity, according to the situation, there is no need to do too much whitewashing, some are carved into an eagle that is flying with wings, some are the heads of the old people, some are the dancers of the graceful, some are the phoenix of nirvana, some are happy on the plum trees... Seeing, thinking, hand to hand, heart to, the mountain people are with a heart that loves life, to complete the pursuit of art in their hearts, art comes from life is really not false at all. Looking at these dazzling root carving works, you can't help but sigh heartily: the master is in the folk!
The fifth beauty of the ancient village: the beauty of cultureAt that time, there were no cars parked on the road; At that time, the people in the mountains did not go out of the mountains for a lifetime; At that time the carriages and horses were very slow, and the letters were far away; At that time, people used to express their emotions with rice paper and brushes, paper had to be folded and cut by themselves, and ink had to be rolled up and researched by themselves. In the ancient village, there are many grandfathers, simple clothes, life is minimalist, but their burrows, but filled with the four treasures of the study room pen and ink paper, in the five-hundred-year-old locust tree alley, the pasted Spring League is also written by the villagers themselves to write their own ----- "the prosperity of the national locust to pass on the good name, the ancient village to build dreams", perhaps from the professional couplet point of view may not be neat, perhaps from the perspective of calligraphy may not be extraordinary, but for these old people who have not entered the classroom, have not been out of the mountains, this is the greatest work! The couplet not only writes out the characteristics of the hutong culture of the village, but also closely follows the theme of the era of the Chinese dream, and it is really rare that the old people can be so concerned about their homeland and the world! "Kuibi Ying Hongfu, Zhilan Scattered Fragrance", is the handiwork of Uncle Lin Chunsheng, who is more than seventy years old. In the simple courtyard, very clean and elegant, there is a pair of words hanging on the wall of the bedroom:
Huaijun belongs to the autumn night, walking and singing cool days.
Empty mountain pine nuts fall, the ghost should not sleep.
It is the five words of the Tang Dynasty poet Wei Yingwu who remembers the distant people, and it is also related to the mountain.
To the effect: Dear, I miss you, in this autumn night, when I think of you, go out for a dynamic small step, sigh this cool night without you, and think that at this moment, your secluded mountain may be falling pine nuts, at this moment, you have not slept yet, right? A fresh little poem expresses the thoughts of their former friends, and the people in the mountains even collect words related to the mountains, which shows how deep their feelings for the mountains are! Hidden dragons and crouching tigers in the ancient small village, love to read, love calligraphy, love life, never leave this Chuanli Lin family in a lifetime, and have never stopped the love and pursuit of calligraphy in their lives! You can be materially poor, but you cannot be mentally poor. Even if you cling to a dream all your life, even if there is no end to this dream in your life, as long as you have been in the process of chasing dreams, you are happy, at least there will be no soul emptiness. Isn't it? A small village that makes people feel respected!
Xiqu, opera is the spiritual food of the people in the mountains, I don't know from what year and month, in addition to the busy farming, people began to direct themselves and write their own performances, each village has its own opera culture, but in terms of scale and circulation time, the first to promote the Congjia drama and Luanjiahe drama. The Cong family drama is mainly Peking Opera, and the content is mostly taken from the Three Kingdoms, and what "catch and release Cao", "empty city plan", "three please Zhuge Liang", "lost street pavilion" and so on are all good plays of the villagers. Especially in the first month, from the first to the fifteenth day of the first year, every day the gongs and drums are noisy, and the stage is full of dramas. At that time, the Cong family drama was often invited to perform in Huang County. Beiluan Jiahe drama is different from the Cong family drama, Beiluan Jiahe drama not only has Beijing opera, their Lu opera is also quite popular with the people, what accompaniment costumes, props, dances and makeup, are all cooperated by the villagers to divide the work, what "little sister Xian", "double jade cicada", "dragon and phoenix noodles", "borrow the year", "sister easy to marry", everyone can come casually for a while, in that era of relatively poor materials, the ancestors turned the difficult days into a poem...
Nine ancient villages, expounding thousands of customs, into the ancient village, walking through this stone street stone alley, walking all the way moved, touching this stone wall stone house, feeling the vicissitudes of a hundred years, it is also this old wall, one old alley, one old house after another, achieving today's scenery, exuding the style of yesterday, but may this alley not be old, allow me to send homesickness, but may this old street always be there, allow me to hide my love deeply, love this ancient village old alley, love this ancient tree old well, love this affectionate mountains, love this quiet and peaceful home!
Prefer this quiet, more want to be in this quiet, do not say nothing, quietly keep the dust, prefer this simplicity, more want to be in this simplicity, paint red washing, ink language clear lotus...
Shiso, female, born in 1974 in Zhaoyuan, Shandong, serves the financial industry, loves classical literature and modern prose, and likes to record the bits and pieces of life with words in amateurs. He is now a member of the Zhaoyuan Writers Association.
Submission email: [email protected]One point number Jiaodong prose