As a hermit animal, the parasite is attached to the host body, and in the process of growth, development and reproduction, it will have a huge impact on the host, destroy the immune function of the cow, absorb the nutrients of the cow itself, multiply, cause physical damage to the cow, and may even produce zoonotic diseases, endangering the breeder and other healthy cattle. There are many types of bovine parasitic diseases and their distribution is relatively wide; cattle are very susceptible to factors such as environment, season, feeding and management methods in the feeding process, resulting in the occurrence of parasitic diseases; this paper briefly analyzes the identification and treatment of bovine parasitic diseases.
Common parasitic disease symptoms and differentiation in cattle:
1. Bovine coccidiosis
The source of bovine coccidiosis is parasitism parasitizing the bovine intestine and causing clinical hemorrhagic enteritis, there is an incubation time of about 2 to 3 weeks before the onset of the disease, the entire pathogenesis process is about 10 to 15 days, due to the destruction of the intestinal mucosa by parasites, and after the bacterial infection, the clinical manifestations are bloody stool and abdominal pain; at the beginning of the disease, the sick cow is depressed, loose with hair, and the body temperature is slightly elevated or normal. The stool is thin and slightly bloody. After about 1 week, the symptoms worsened, the sick cow was deprived of appetite, emaciated, mentally weak, and liked to lie down. Body temperature rises to 40 ° C to 41 ° C, rumen peristalsis and rumination stop, intestinal peristalsis increases. Discharge of thin feces with blood, mixed with a fibrous pseudo-membrane, foul odor. At the end of the disease, the stool is black, almost all blood, the body temperature drops, and it dies in a cachexia state. During the wet and rainy seasons of summer and autumn, it is endemic; the disease is often found in calves.
Prevention and control measures for bovine coccidiosis: For cattle infected with bovine coccidiosis, the drug dinofloxamycete can be selected, and then the dosage is selected according to the age of the onset of cattle, the specific incidence of the disease and the degree of the disease. If 3 consecutive injections are ineffective, vitamin injections are given to prevent rebleeding in the intestine.
Formula 1: Tampere, according to 20-50 mg/kg body weight, take once internally for 5-6 days.
Formula 2: Sodium sulfamethazine injection, 100 mg/kg body weight, once intramuscularly once daily for 5 days. After 2 days of continuous use, it was converted to internal medication.
Fang 3, white-headed ong 45 grams, huanglian 25 grams, guangmuxiang 25 grams, huangping 30 grams, qin peel 30 grams, fried locust rice 30 grams, ground elm charcoal 30 grams, crane grass 30 grams, fried shell 30 grams. Decoct the juice in water and take it once, 1 dose per day for 3 days.
Square 4, locust flower 15 grams, elm 15 grams, bald eagle 20 grams, licorice 10 grams, green penny o grams, peony peel lok. A total of fine powder, once taken internally, once a day, for 3 days.
2. Bovine mite disease
Bovine mite disease has a strong contagiousness, it is mainly divided into two categories, scabies mites and itch mites, the symptoms after infection are: causing local hair removal, dermatitis that damages the skin, etc., after infection with this disease, a mixed infection will occur, resulting in itching of the skin around the cattle body
, causing the cow to rub the affected area for a long time, causing the skin to thicken until the lesion spreads throughout the body. This leads to a decline in the appetite of cattle, and the increasing wasting affects the health, which leads to stagnation of its growth rate.
Prevention and control of bovine mite disease
First of all, managers and breeders should regularly clean the barn, improve ventilation in the barn, regularly disinfect the barn with 1% of the solution of the enemy worm, and pay attention to the living environment of the cattle.
Western medicine treatment: The affected area of the cattle is treated locally, and the affected area of the cattle is sprayed with 0.5% of the insects, once a week. The drug ivermectin 0.2 mg/kg·bw was also used for subcutaneous injection.
Traditional Chinese medicine treatment: Fang Yi Sulfur 30 g, Peppercorn 30 g, Wood Turtle in 30 g, Maple in 30 g, Mercury 6 g, Cnidium monnieri 60 g, Salt 15 g, Walnut Kernel 120 g. Study the fine powder together, mix with cotton oil and apply it evenly to the affected area.
Fang 2 500 grams of vicious poison, 150 grams of torch sulfur, 45 grams of fried white pepper. A total of fine powder, take 30 grams of medicine, add 750 ml of boiling vegetable oil and stir well, after cooling, apply the affected area with a brush with a handle.
3. Liver tablets fluke disease
Liver flukes are a major parasitic disease in cattle. The pathogens of liver fluke trematodiasis are liver flakes and large trematodes. The insect parasitizes in the bile ducts of cattle and can cause cholangitis, hepatitis, and liver hardening. The nutritional decline of sick cattle, the reduction of milk production in dairy cows, and sometimes even death, are more harmful to cattle.
symptoms:
The severity of symptoms is related to the number of insects and the age and constitution of the cattle. Clinical symptoms are generally absent and can cause onset in severe infection. Acute cases present with sluggishness, diarrhea, tenderness of the liver, and sometimes sudden death. In chronic cases, cattle suffer from depression, coarse hair, loss of appetite, slow walking, pale membranes, followed by periodic rumen distension or anterior gastric relaxation, diarrhea, and increasing emaciation. In the later stages, edema appears under the jaw and under the chest, there is a feeling of fluctuation or dough-like sensation on palpation, severe anemia, decreased fertility of bulls, infertility or miscarriage of cows, and often death due to extreme exhaustion.
treat:
1, nitrochlorophenol is an ideal drug for expelling bovine and sheep liver tablets, this drug has three types of powder, tablets, injections, the first two types can be filled, can also be mixed in the feed, the amount of irrigation according to fattening cattle per dry gram hugh weight administration 3-4 mg injection dosage of 0.5-1 mg per dry gram hugh weight, injection of insect repellent convenient, high accuracy. When poisoning occurs. Inject glucose solution* or lead the cow to a cool place and spray with cool water.
2. Thiobisdichlorophenol, taken internally, 40~60mg per kilogram of body weight.
Traditional Chinese medicine treatment
Fang Yi 42 grams of crow bile, 120 grams of large tea medicine, 90 grams of ginger. Serve with decoction at warm temperature.
Fang 2 Guanzhong 50 g, bitter ginseng 40 g, hammer 40 g, bitter plant skin 40 g, gentian 40 g, rhubarb 30 g, fu vera 50 g, ze laze 30 g, magnolia 30 g, su mu 20 g, nutmeg 20 g. Water is fried and warmly filled, 250 grams of honey is poured 30 minutes before taking the medicine.
4. Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a very common parasitic disease in breeding, which will cause a significant decline in cow milk production, and will cause calves to be unable to grow and develop normally, at the same time, once infected with cow skin maggot disease, the cortex of cattle will have a stepwise decline, which is very unfavorable to cattle breeding, and will also lead to a decline in the economic income of farmers. Psoriasis usually occurs in the summer, when the temperature is relatively high, mosquitoes and flies multiply in large quantities, which in turn leads to the occurrence of psoriasis, and when the larvae burrow into the skin of cattle, they cause itching, restlessness and local pain. The larvae migrate in the body for a long time, causing tissue damage, causing pharyngitis and inflammation of the esophageal wall when the pharynx and esophagus are migrated. The impact on the normal rest and feeding of cattle will also cause the problem of abortion of cows, so it is imperative to effectively prevent and control maggot disease in cow skin.
Western medicine treatment
The extermination of migrating larvae can be injected intramuscularly into the buttocks in 10% to 15% refined aqueous solution of 0.1 to 0.2 ml/kg body weight, respectively, in mid-October and late January of the following year. Or in 11 to 12 months with hypothion, 7 mg / kg body weight, intramuscular injection. To destroy the larvae that have not yet reached the subcutaneous skin of the back of the cattle, 10% or 15% of the dimethodium solution can be used, and at the end of the mosquito activity season every year, with ivermectin or epimycin, 0.2 mg / kg body weight, a subcutaneous injection can effectively prevent psoriasis.
Fang 2 kg of angelica, soaked in 4 liters of vinegar for 48 hours, in mid-September, early October, to the back of the cow on each side of the dip once, the big cattle with each dip of 150 ml, the calf with 80 ml, to soak the coat and skin as a degree.
Fang 2 Pulu tea (gourd tea) loo grams, Chen lime 25 grams, mashed compresses the affected area.
5. Scorched worm disease
Scorch worm disease, also known as poriasis, hemosporosis or babesiosis, is a blood protozoal disease caused by a variety of babes that parasitizes in bovine red blood cells, this disease is mainly transmitted by hard ticks, mostly endemic and sporadic epidemics, hematuria is a typical symptom, and sick cattle will also be accompanied by jaundice, anemia, high fever, discharge of black and red feces and other symptoms. The protozoa of bovine burnworm disease will parasitize and grow in the reticuloendothelial cells of cattle, and when cattle are infected with the disease, they will have difficulty breathing, and the lymph nodes will be enlarged, and with bleeding, the mortality rate is relatively high.
Fang 1 Bernier, according to 5-7 mg / kg body weight, formulated into a 7% solution, deep intramuscular injection, continuous injection for 3 days, if necessary, 2 days apart and then 2 times.
Square 2 Yellow pigment, according to 4-6 mg / kg body weight, formulated as o. 5% aqueous solution is given intravenously, with another injection every 24 hours. Or use Bernier with yellow pigment alternately, the 1st and 3rd day use Of Bernier, the 2nd and 4th daily use of yellow pigment, the effect is better.
Fang III Akapring, per kilogram of body weight with o. 6-l mg, formulated into a 5% solution for subcutaneous injection.
Fang Yi Yin Chen 60 g, Huang Ping 60 g, Mu Tong 30 g, TianTian Pollen 30 g, Huang Lian 70 g, Forsythia 60 g, Ground Bone Skin 60 g, Mast 60 g, Harvest 30 g, Niu Lao Yu 24 g, Platycodon 24 g, Chai Hu 60 g, Guanzhong 60 g, Add Honey 200 g. A total of the end, one surrender.
Fang Er 150 grams of green penny, 45 grams of Changshan, 90 grams of chai hu, 80 grams of yellow apple and He Shou bird, 12 grams each of ginseng, raw land and honeysuckle, and 30 grams of licorice. Decoction, 1 dose daily.