Characteristics of ancient Chinese and their reflections

Characteristics of ancient China and its reflection {Draft}

2019-7-4

2022-8-10 Perfect

First, the differences in historical conditions between China and the ancient civilizations of the Middle East

1、

After the end of the Ice Age, the Earth's climate began to warm about 17,000 years ago. Glaciers in the poles, North America and northern Europe began to melt, sea levels gradually rose, and grasslands in the Bohai, Yellow, and Norwegian seas were flooded. By 13,000 years ago, the snow and ice of North America and Northern Europe had melted a considerable part, and the northern and southern hemispheres were in full bloom and prosperous. But at this time, before 12640, the temperature dropped sharply, the world turned into a cold, the ice sheets of the poles and the Alps, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and other places expanded, and many animals and plants that had migrated to high latitudes died in large numbers. The North American mammoth, saber-toothed tiger, camel and tree otter, and mountain lion suddenly became extinct, while the Clovis people suddenly disappeared. This time the cooling was abrupt, and in just a decade, the Earth's average temperature dropped by about 7 or 8 °C. This cooling lasted for thousands of years, and it was not until 11,500 years ago that the temperature suddenly rose again. This is the famous New Fairy Wood event in the history of the Earth.

2、

During the New Fairy Wood Incident, the damage to the upper reaches of the Two Rivers Basin was relatively small, and it was relatively far away from the impact of the New Fairy Wood Event, and there should be some population here that could survive the difficulties. Most humans in other parts of the world do not have such good luck, China's Gansu- Shaanxi, Jinji, European Caucasus and Africa's Sahara, like islands. In this way, the Two Rivers Basin may have taken the lead in beginning a recovery of human activity.

Damascus was inhabited as early as 10,000 BC. The Palestinian West Bank city of Jericho dates back nearly 10,000 years, and the history of Aleppo in Syria can even be traced back to 13,000 years ago.

In the period of 12,000 to 5,000 years, the climate and hydrological conditions in the Middle East, including North Africa, are good, making the first-mover advantage here obvious. The first-mover advantage of humans in the Middle East, so it entered Africa and Southern Europe and Western Europe relatively early.

East Asian Huaxu also began to spread, along the Hexi Corridor all the way to Asia Minor, and some first to Eastern Siberia and then westward to present-day Finland. Others crossed the Bering Strait into the Americas.

The people of the two rivers valleys and the Huaxu people met in Asia Minor. Construction began on the site of Gobekli in eastern Turkey, which began twelve thousand years ago. The Anatolian plains are the cradle of agriculture. The world's first domestic pigs were found at the Chayoni site, 60 miles away. Sheep, cattle and goats were also first domesticated in eastern Turkey. Wheat seeds all over the world come from single-grain wheat – first planted in the hills near Gobekli. And the world's most primitive grains such as rye and oats also started here.

The people who built Stonehenge in England, the Gauls in France, the Italian aborigines, the ancient Greeks, the original ancestors should have come from the Two Rivers Valley and Asia Minor.

3、

Look at the ancient two river basins and ancient Egyptian human face carvings, which are obviously different from the modern three major races, and also different from the Turan race and the Arab race. Now some European, Arab, North African, and Iranian humans should have their genetics to a greater or lesser extent.

The Huaxu population formed Guelan between the southern Black Sea and Iraq. Ancient Elam was the basis for the birth of the civilization of the Two Rivers Valley five thousand years ago.

In ancient times, humans in the two river basins had black hair and black eyes, and they were close to the Caucasian race and were closely related, but they were also related to the Mongol race. At this time, the large population flow around the world had recovered, and because of the more advanced organizational influence of Huaxu, it developed.

4、

Around 10,000 years ago in Europe, the archaeological site of Staka appeared in the north of England and the Azile culture appeared in Toulouse, France. In the past 8,000 years, the overall environmental conditions in Europe have begun to improve. The true Europa people are from the Caucasians, mainly entering Europe around 4000 years ago, and are the ancestors of Slavic Germans, who entered Northern Europe as Germanic peoples.

Norse mythology is influenced by the Chinese legend of Nuwa, which highlights environmental challenges and various animal threats. The natural disasters of that period were far greater than the floods of Thousands of Years ago in Yu and the Bible's Noah's Ark, and the level of human ability was very low, but these ancestors showed the heroism of fighting the world, which is reflected in the great myths and legends of ancient times.

5、

If China began to be influenced by the west 600 years ago, it should come more from the Black Sea and the Persian Gulf. Nor is it a pureLy European race, but it should also include the Ancient Two River Valley Peoples who have now integrated into the three major races.

6、

Ancient civilizations in all periods have a latecomer advantage. In fact, the ancient civilizations of various periods almost did not have a first-mover advantage at the beginning, and did not win at the starting line, but they had a latecomer advantage.

Second, the characteristics of China's ancient civilization

1. In fact, China is the continuation of the largest geographical aggregate of human beings in Asia in ancient times. From the Shennong clan to the Yellow Emperor, even in the Xia Dynasty, this collective of political jurisdictions was the largest in the world at the same time.

2) North Africa and West Asia have established a medium-sized regional regime, practised a social order in which class society is evident, and a clear class oppression and exploitation is established. The Caucasian race was greatly affected, so after coming to India, they developed a caste system, which is not for no reason.

In ancient China, what was established was a very obvious politics of social management. The control of social chaos is the source of the political word. Organizing water conservancy construction in large areas is the source of the word for governance.

China's ancient period was also influenced by the fine customs of primitive society. Therefore, the imperial surnames of 姒, 妫, Jiang, and 姬 came from a matriarchal society, and the Ji surname continued to the Zhou Dynasty.

Therefore, even in the era of the Yellow Emperor, until the Shang Dynasty, there were no huge tombs that plagued the country and the people, and there were no tall buildings that labored the people and hurt their wealth. The head of the regime travels the world, rather than sitting back and enjoying it. Of course, before Yao Shunyu, there was already more and more harmful decay in vested interest class society.

Third, the development characteristics of China's ancient civilization

1、

The civilization of ancient China was not backward, and the world's earliest smelted copper was found at the site of Jiangzhai in the matriarchal society. However, in the patriarchal society lagged behind, only to the Shang Dynasty to show some latecomer advantages. More than 10,000 years ago, the Magnetic Mountain Culture and the Hongshan Culture appeared, and in the Wuyang ruins of more than 8,000 years ago, it has been found that it is no less than the production technology and cultural level of the ancient civilizations of the same period, and some are even the earliest creations of human beings. The brass pieces and brass pipes found at the Jiangzhai site are the earliest metal smelting in the world, dating back to 6500 years. The earliest bronzes appeared in ancient Babylon 6,000 years ago, and it is not excluded that they came from East Asia.

The climatic conditions in eastern China hindered people's search for and mining and smelting of metals, and they were not suitable for the preservation of metals, especially the harsh anti-civilization of patrilineal society, so they entered the Bronze Age relatively late. The preciousness of metal resources has made it difficult for archaeological excavations to find a large number of metal artifacts.

2、

The lingjiatan primitive tribal site is the earliest city in China, which indicates that cities appeared in China as early as 5500 years ago. The ruins of Jiangzhai are actually already a city, but there are no walls for military purposes in the same period, no large tombs of exploiting classes, and no luxurious buildings of all kinds.

It is also due to climatic conditions that make it difficult to preserve the building. Note that the earliest city wall buildings in China are so few because China entered the era of fierce war relatively late, and even if there were walls 5,000 years ago, it may have been to prevent floods. Dayu's father, Cang, failed to control the water because he followed these previous flood control ideas.

IV. Some Examinations of the Chronological Order of the Ancient Period {Part IV 2019-12·16 Modification}

The author is not determined here, but as far as possible according to the scientific logic of the various aspects of the material to summarize. This allows people to avoid the influence of various wild interpretations and to study history more truly.

1、

The historical order of China's ancient period

Hua Xu - Nüwa - Nüwa (Mother of The Earth) - Fu Xi - Tai Hao - Shennong - Yan Emperor - Yellow Emperor - Xuanyuan - Shao Hao - Emperor Jun - Emperor Jun - Emperor Zhao - Yao Shunyu.

Any one title is not a chief, but a general term for the multigenerational chiefs at this stage. It is recorded that the Yellow Emperor passed the throne to Yao Shunyu for 30 generations.

2、

The order of the Yellow Emperor's era

The Yellow Emperor defeated Xuan You to pacify the world, and after the Central Plains were pacified, he began to march west. Because it was a Zen system, later successors were born in the western part of the Yellow Emperor Clan. The origin of the name Xuanyuan may have been to learn the wheel of West Asia and improve it, and later began to be called Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor. During the Xuanyuan period, there was a great expansion, basically unifying Asia, and there were also those who entered the Americas, so the legend of the Hao Heavenly God appeared, which should be the Shaohao stage. In the Time of Emperor Jun, it was called Kunlun, and Kunlun meant the great wheel of heaven and earth. Looking at ancient historical materials, mountains and seas and myths and legends, combined with historical facts, combined with modern archaeology, careful analysis will find these clues.

In the late Kunlun period, there was a contraction, and the various records of the Kunlun Ruins of Kunlun Qiu in the Shanhai Classic, especially the Hai Nei East Meridian, may be in the middle and late period.

3

History records that Shao Hao was in the west.

Shao Hao, who passed on the position of leader to Emperor Huan, should be the leader of the late Shao Hao era. Hao means vast and boundless, Hao Tian God's Hao and Tai Hao Shao Hao's Hao is the same meaning, both are strong and prosperous control of the vast area. In the early and middle period, Shao Hao may be the "Hao Heavenly God" as far as the southern part of the Caspian Sea.

At the end of the Shaohao era, the world began to be chaotic, and then the tangled period once again corrected the chaos of the world. After that, it may be re-succeeded by the descendants of Shao Hao's concubine, which is the emperor Jun period. Therefore, there is a legend that Huan Huan was the uncle of the leader of the descendants of the Yellow Emperor.

4、

At first, the sphere of influence of the Emperor Jun also included Central Asia, and by the time of the Emperor, there may have been a contraction. The ruins of Shenmu Shi'an were an important capital city during the Imperial Period. There is no record of the ruins of the Sacred Wood Stone Pass.

5、

The records of the ancient period have been almost completely erased, leaving only sporadic fragments of words, in order to create more confusion and inexplicability. For example, the Yellow Emperor began to come to Western Zhou, and the central government sent Qincha ministers to all directions, that is, major positions such as Western Zhou Fangbo, which were confused with the Three Emperors and Five Emperors Taihao Shaohao, and the explanation was a mess.

Fifth, some historical research in the ancient period

1、

In ancient times, it was all Zen concessions. Later, there was a division of children, but the position of chief was still Zen. The hereditary system of family world was only started in the Xia Dynasty and developed along with the development of private property. The legend about the Yellow Emperor and the Three Emperors and Five Emperors was followed by a father and a son, and it was completely fabricated later, and it can be found that no later than Yao Shunyu began to create public opinion, and began to make the historical record unrecognizable.