Fat cells also have "color", brown, beige, white fat cells. Different fat cells, distributed in different parts of the body, have different structures and functions.
Brown and beige fat cells are relatively small, mainly distributed under the skin, neck, shoulders and skin. Brown fat cells are stimulated to consume energy to produce heat and secrete endocrine factors to participate in the regulation of the body's metabolism. Beige fat cells are a type of fat cells that change, two properties, "quiet" when white fat cells, can be transformed as soon as needed. For example, after being stimulated by cold and sympathetic nervous system excitement, it will turn into brown-like fat cells, which have the function of brown fat cells and can produce heat and consume energy like brown fat cells. Brown and beige fat cells are both thermogenerating fats, so they have a potential anti-obesity effect.
White fat cells are the most, under the skin, around the internal organs, especially the fat in the abdominal cavity, are white fat. White fat cells, the most important thing is to store fat, 95% of which are triglycerides. It is the triglyceride component in the test of blood lipids, which is only stored in fat cells.
Fat is also useful in the body. Subcutaneous fat keeps warm, buffers, protects the body when external forces strike, and keeps the body plump; The fat of internal organs, supporting and fixing organs, like people who are too thin will appear internal organ sagging and give birth to various diseases; Adipose tissue is also an energy bank, storing lipids in case of emergency, when the body lacks energy supply, fat is decomposed into fatty acids to supply the body's energy. White fat cells like this store lipids.
The abdominal type of the large abdomen is obese, and these white fats are under the skin and in the abdominal cavity.
Obesity, especially abdominal obesity, more fat in the stomach increases the burden on the heart and lungs, not to mention, like fat people more common heart beat, high blood pressure, breathing is also laborious; This white fat cell also has a disadvantage, producing various cytokines that cause chronic inflammatory states in the body. Not inflammation of a bacterial infection, but sterile inflammation.
What's so bad about inflammation? Inflammation in the blood vessels will damage the walls of the blood vessels, which is prone to arteriosclerosis and long plaques; If the organs in the body are inflamed, there will be damage, and when the damage is repaired, there will be scars and fibrosis, so that the function of the organs is not good; Inflammatory factors can also cause various metabolic disorders, and they will get sick.
Therefore, obesity, especially abdominal obesity with large abdominal stools, is an important risk factor for chronic diseases such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Some people are not obese just by looking at the BMI, but the stomach is large, so the risk is also high.
What is abdominal obesity?
The easiest way is to look at the waistline. According to the standard, the waist circumference of Chinese men ≥ (greater than or equal to) 90 cm, and the female≥ waist circumference is 85 cm, that is, the male waist circumference is more than 2 feet 7, and the female waist circumference is more than 2 feet 5 points, even if it is abdominal obesity. Other methods, there are also measures of waist-to-hip ratio, waist height ratio, as well as instrument check, measuring waist circumference is the most simple and easy.
Measure the waist circumference, from the lowest lower edge of the ribs to the iliac crest of the iliac bone, and in the middle of the two, wrap a leather ruler around the abdomen.
Adult fat, not more fat cells, but fat cells fat, bigger, this is also related to childhood obesity memory. Therefore, to prevent obesity in adults, it is also necessary to start from the doll (obesity will affect adulthood when childhood, and the cardiovascular risk is high!). Don't feed your child as a "little chubby mound").
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@Headline Health
Department of Cardiology Hou Xiaoping