Small beetles
Background
In October 2020, Beijing Forestry University discovered the Changlin beetle that harmed the roots of black pine in Yantai City, Shandong Province, which was the first discovery in China. After preliminary investigation, the hazard of Changlin beetle was found in Muping District of Yantai City, Shandong Province, High-tech Zone and parts of Weihai City, Shandong Province, and the main host was Japanese black pine. On February 10 this year, the State Forestry and Grassland Administration issued a warning circular on forest harmful organisms (No. 1 of 2021), requiring all localities to attach great importance to and increase vigilance to prevent small beetles in changlin.
It is native to the Mediterranean coast of southern Europe and northern Africa, and its host tree species is pine. In the past hundred years, it has invaded many countries in Asia, Oceania, South America, North America, and southern Africa. There have been no previous reports or records on the distribution of the Long Forest Beetle in China.
Sha Tin Customs, a subsidiary of Whampoa Customs, was seized
Adults of the long forest beetle
Larvae of the long forest beetle
What is the Long Forest Beetle
Hylurgus ligniperda, also known as "red-haired beetle", is a phytosanitary pest prohibited from entering China. The insect has a strong ability to adapt to the environment, has a strong natural transmission ability, adult insects can fly up to several kilometers, and can be transmitted over long distances with wood, wood packaging and bedding materials. The host of the long forest beetle is a variety of tree species in pine trees, of which foreign pines such as radiata pine and wetland pine are important hosts of the long forest beetle.
scientific name
Hylurgus ligniperda(Fabricius, 1787)
English name
Red-haired pine bark beetle
Chinese name
Long forest beetle
Classification status
Coleoptera, Phytophaga, Curculionoidea, Scolytidae, Tomicini, Hylurgus.
Morphological characteristics
The adult body is cylindrical, yellowish brown to black (Figures 1 and 2), antennae and feet are pale brown, antennae whiplash segments are 6 segments, hammer-like segments are 4 segments, compound eyes oblong-oval, no depressions; the frontal surface is densely hairy and the frontal hairs are coarser than the fur on the top of the head, with a black tumor directly below the frontal surface; the ventral anterior anterior pharyngeal triangle area of the head has a distinct depression in the apical corner; the dorsal plate of the anterior thorax is marked and the hairs on the dorsal plate are clearly aligned toward the center; the elytra are parallel on both sides, with darker serrated edges on the basal margin; and the elytra are clustered on the elytra (fig. 3). , like a small brush; beveled
With granular protrusions, the elytra between the 1st and 2nd grooves begin to be strongly flattened from the slope, and the particles between the 2nd groove on the slope are not significant (Figure 4);
The dorsal plate of the posterior thorax is almost equal in length to the abdomen. Body length 4-5.7mm.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Identification characteristics of the long forest beetle
Hazard characteristics
The long-forest beetle is a bark-type beetle that usually infects newly logged and weakened wood, and injured healthy trees are often endangered. The insect is also a vector for pine black root disease and blue fungus, which not only leads to the death of trees, but also seriously affects the quality of finished wood. The worm burrows the moth pit at the base of the trunk, the root neck and the roots.
The bark and root surface of the affected trees can be seen in the invasion hole of the long forest beetle invasion or the feathering hole during feathering, and when the larvae feed in the pit, dark moth chips are discharged from the surface of the bark. Adults have the habit of drilling moths on newborn pine branches to supplement nutrition before sexual maturity. Adults have a strong natural transmission capacity, spreading 25 km in Australia in 18 months. In Chile, the worm was introduced to all distributions of Radiata pine by 1991, after its introduction in the mid-1980s. The long forest beetle has been introduced to many countries, and has been frequently intercepted from imported logs and wooden packaging at ports, indicating that its transmission risk is extremely high.
Long forest beetle hazards
The process of encroaching on trees
1 The female of the long forest beetle first invades under the bark and builds a mating chamber in the forming layer of the bark.
2 After the female and males have mated, the females construct a long curved egg-laying tunnel (the mother tunnel) and lay their eggs in the notches on both sides of the tunnel, with each female laying up to 500 eggs to overwinter as larvae.
3 The larvae feed under the bark, pupate when ripe, and fly out in the spring.
Customs alerts
• Foreign pine such as radiata pine and wetland pine are important hosts of long forest beetles, and enterprises should strictly abide by China's laws and regulations when importing foreign pines, carry out effective pest control treatment in the exporting country or region, and accompany phytosanitary certificates and other documents to maintain the ecological security of the country.
• The wooden packaging used in imported goods shall be handled by enterprises recognized by the phytosanitary agency of the government of the exporting country or region in accordance with the quarantine and pest removal treatment method confirmed by China, and the IPPC special mark shall be applied. If quarantine finds that the labeling of wood packaging does not meet the requirements or the interception of harmful organisms, etc., the customs should supervise the implementation of pest removal treatment for wood packaging to ensure the effectiveness of quarantine treatment.
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Note: Some of the images are from the Internet
Contributed by: Huangpu Customs
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