Nylon is the Chinese name of synthetic fiber nylon, the translated name is also called "resistant", "nylon", the scientific name is polyamidefibre, that is, polyamide fiber. It is the world's earliest synthetic fiber variety, due to its excellent performance, rich raw material resources, has been widely used.
The performance of nylon
- Strong, good abrasion resistance, ranked first among all fibers. It is 10 times more wear resistant than cotton fibers, 10 times that of dry viscose fibers, and 140 times that of wet fibers. As a result, its durability is excellent.
- The elasticity and elasticity of nylon fabric are excellent, but it is easy to deform under small external forces, so its fabric is easy to change and crease during the wearing process.
- Poor ventilation and permeability, easy to generate static electricity.
- The moisture absorption of nylon fabrics is a better variety of synthetic fiber fabrics, so garments made of nylon are more comfortable to wear than polyester garments.
- It has good moth resistance and corrosion resistance.
- Heat and light resistance are not good enough, ironing temperature should be controlled below 140 ° C. During the process of wearing and using, attention must be paid to the conditions of washing and maintenance to avoid damaging the fabric.
- Nylon fabrics are lightweight fabrics, which are only listed after polypropylene and acrylic fabrics in synthetic fiber fabrics, so they are suitable for making hiking suits, winter clothing, etc.
Nylon 6 and Nylon 66
The most common nylon products on the market are nylon 6 and nylon 66.
Nylon 6: Full name polycaprolactam fiber, made of caprolactam polymerization.
Nylon 66: Full name polyadipatadipatadium fiber, made of adipic acid and hexanediamine polymerization.
Generally speaking, the feel of nylon 66 is better than nylon 6, and the comfort of nylon 66 is also better than nylon 6, but it is difficult to distinguish between nylon 6 and nylon 66 on the surface.
Common characteristics of nylon 6 and nylon 66: poor lightfastness, under prolonged sunlight and ultraviolet light exposure, the intensity decreases, and the color is yellow; Its heat resistance is not good enough, at 150 ° C, after 5 hours of yellowing, the strength and elongation decreased significantly, and the shrinkage rate increased. Nylon 6, 66 filament has good low temperature resistance, and its resilience changes little when it is below minus 70 °C. Its DC conductivity is very low, in the process of processing is easy to produce static electricity due to friction, its conductivity increases with the increase of moisture absorption, and with the increase of humidity and increases according to the exponential function law. Nylon 6, 66 filament has a strong ability to resist microbial action, and its ability to resist microbial action in sludge water or alkali is second only to polychloroline. In terms of chemical properties, nylon 6 and 66 filaments have alkali resistance and reducing agent resistance, but they have poor performance in acid resistance and oxidation resistance.
Nylon fiber fabrics can be divided into three categories: pure spinning, blended spinning and interweaving, and each category contains many varieties.
Nylon pure spinning fabric
Various fabrics woven from nylon silk, such as nylon taffeta, nylon crepe and so on. Because it is woven with nylon filament, it has the characteristics of smooth hand, firm and durable, moderate price, and there are also shortcomings that the fabric is easy to wrinkle and not easy to reply.
01
Taslon
Taslon is a kind of nylon fabric, including jacquard tasilon, honeycomb taslon, full extinction tasilon and so on. Uses: high-grade clothing fabrics, garment fabrics, golf apparel fabrics, high-grade down jacket fabrics, high-waterproof and breathable fabrics, multi-layer composite fabrics, functional fabrics, etc.
(1) Jacquard tassel: the warp yarn adopts 76dtex (70D nylon filament, and the weft yarn adopts 167dtex (150D nylon air deformation filament; The fabric is organized using a double flat jacquard structure interwoven on a water-jet loom. The width of the fabric blank is 165cm, and the weight per square meter is 158g, and there are varieties of different shades of color such as purple red, grass green, and light green. The fabric has the advantages of not easy to fade and wrinkle, strong color fastness and so on.
(2) Honeycomb Taslon: The fabric warp is made of 76dtex nylon FDY, the weft yarn is made of 167dtex nylon air deformation wire, the warp and weft density is 430 /10cm×200/10cm, interwoven on the water-jet loom with faucet, the basic selection of double-layer plain weave, the cloth surface forms a honeycomb lattice, the blank cloth is first relaxed and refined, alkali reduction, dyeing, and then soft and shaped. The fabric has the characteristics of good breathability, dry feel, gentle and flowing, and comfortable to wear.
(3) Full matting tower silk: the fabric warp yarn adopts 76dtex full matting nylon-6FDY, and the weft yarn adopts 167dtex full matting nylon air deformation filament. The most prominent advantage is that it is more comfortable to wear, warm and breathable.
02
Nysel spinning
Nysel spinning (silk, also known as nylon spinning, is a spinning silk fabric woven from nylon filament. Bleached, dyed, printed, rolled, rolled nylon spinning, the fabric is flat and fine, the silk surface is smooth, the feel is soft, light and strong and wear-resistant, the color is bright, easy to wash and dry.
03
Twill
Twill fabrics with a clear diagonal pattern are woven with twill tissue, including brocade/cotton khaki, gabardine, croding, etc. Among them, the brocade /cotton khaki has the characteristics of thick and tight cloth body, tough and structured, clear grain, wear resistance and so on.
04
Nylon Oxford cloth
Nylon Oxford cloth, warp and weft yarn are made of coarse denier (167-1100dtex nylon filament weaving, plain weave structure, the product is woven by water-jet loom. After the dyeing and finishing and coating process, the blank cloth has the advantages of soft feel, strong drape, novel style, waterproof and other advantages, and the gloss effect of nylon silk of the cloth mask.
Nylon blend and interwoven fabrics
Fabrics obtained by blending or interweaving nylon filaments or staple fibers with other fibers have the characteristics of various fibers.
01
Sticky/Jinhuada
Viscosity/Jinhuada, there are two kinds of blending ratio, one is 15% nylon, 85% viscose fiber; The other is 25% nylon and 75% viscose. The warp and weft yarns are blended yarns and are 2/2 twill fabrics. This fabric is nearly twice as dense as the weft, so the texture of the body is thick and tight, tough and durable. The tweed surface is smooth and shiny. The disadvantages are poor elasticity, easy to fold, small wet strength, large shrinkage rate, hardening when washing, and easy to sag when wearing.
02
Sticky/Jinfan Liding
Viscose/Nylon Plain Weave, there are two ratios of 15% nylon, 85% viscose fiber and 25% nylon and 75% viscose fiber, blended into a fabric woven with double strands. The use of plain weave, the front and back of the same appearance, the feel is quite refreshing, but not soft enough, gloss is second only to Huada.
03
Sticky/Nishiki
Sticky/Brocade, also known as nylon beep, belongs to a 2/2 twill organization, which is similar in appearance to Crata, with warp density 40% smaller than Walda and close to weft. Because the beep surface is flatter than the huada, the grain is also wide, and the interweaving point is clearly visible, but the feel is not as good as the huada, and the strength and gloss are poor.
04
Sticky/brocade/woolly tweed
Sticky/brocade/woolen tweed, is worsted wool, mostly plain tweed, referred to as three-in-one tweed. It is blended in a ratio of 4:4:2, and due to the use of yarns of different twists for warp and weft yarns, the fabric shows a pattern on the tweed due to the reflection of light.
05
Brocade/sticky/stretch grosgrain
Brocade / sticky / stretch grosgrain, is the use of spandex nylon coated yarn as raw material, woven on the air jet loom, the blank cloth through relaxation, desizing→ alkali treatment→ dyeing (with reactive dyes and disperse dyes) → shaping and finishing, etc. The product has both viscose fiber fabric style and the luster effect of nylon fabric, and has the elastic function of spandex fabric; The fabric has a cotton texture, comfort, stretching feeling.