The sky of the pre-Qin intellectual history was full of stars, and Han Fei was one of them. He was the master of the pre-Qin legalist thought, taking the fa as the core and constructing the political ideological edifice of the trinity of fa, technique, and potential. He is like a sharp sword, cutting through the hypocrisy of all moral indoctrination, tearing off all the cover-ups in the code of ethics, along with tearing off the veil of warmth in human feelings, and putting the truth before us.
Brief biography
Han Fei was born in the Korean clan at the end of the Warring States period and was a Korean prince. Together with the later Qin chancellor Li Si, he studied under Xun Quan. He wrote to king Han many times, advocating changing the law and trying to be stronger, but it was not adopted. So "the change of gains and losses of the observer", wrote a book. His writings spread to the Qin state and were appreciated by the Qin king Yingzheng. In 233 BC, Han Fei sent an envoy to the state of Qin, framed and imprisoned the Qin ministers Li Si and Yao Jia, and was forced to commit suicide by poisoning. Later, Qin Shi Huang used his ideas to destroy the Six Kingdoms and establish the first centralized feudal dynasty.
Han fei
Great loner
In Sima Qian's "Book of Baoren'an", there is a passage that people still talk about:
"King Wen played Zhou Yi and Zhongnier did spring and autumn." Qu Yuan's exile is a renunciation. Zuo Qiu was blind and had Chinese. Sun Tzu's feet are on his feet, and the art of war is cultivated. Bu Wei moved to Shu, and passed down from generation to generation. Han Fei imprisoned Qin, "Speaking Difficult" and "Lonely Anger". Three hundred poems, most of which are the works of the sages who are angry. ”
"Book of BaoRen An"
Sima Qian's reference to "Han Fei imprisoning Qin, "Speaking of Difficulties" and "Lonely Anger" refers to the two shocking articles written by Han Fei during his tenure in the Qin State, when he was framed by Li Si and imprisoned.
The so-called "Lonely Anger" is the lonely anger. So, why was Han Fei so lonely angry? From the article, we know that as the most staunch advocate of the rule of law in the Warring States period, Han Fei was lonely and angry at the fact that the road to the implementation of the rule of law was so bumpy and bumpy. Philosophers are lonely, after all, a great idea is always ahead of the times, it is difficult to be accepted by the world at once.
Inside page of Han Feizi
Han Fei wrote in "Lonely Anger": "The wise man and the man who should be painted must not have a vendetta between the two. That is to say, Han Fei believes that those who enforce the rule of law and those who are powerful in the current dynasty are two types of people who are invincible and indispensable. However, because those who enforce the rule of law do not favoritism and flattery, they often do not get the support of the king in political disputes, and eventually lead to a tragic ending: "Those who know magic and go against the Lord, who do not kill the officials, will die with their own swords." Friends and party members are more evil than zhou, and those who speak and bend to make selfish people will believe in the heavy people. Therefore, he may attack the borrower, and take the official and noble; It shall not be borrowed from the name of the person, and shall not be weighted outside. He who tends to be a private door by hiding from the lord will not be manifested to the officials, but will be more important than external power. ”
That is to say, those who strictly enforce the rule of law are often unforeseen because they violate their opinions and offend the powerful, on the contrary, those who form gangs and ignore the law are often favored by the powerful and rich, and they are promoted to the rank of knight. This situation of bribery, lack of rule of law, the destruction of the Yellow Bell, and the thunder of the tile cauldron are precisely the important reasons for Han Fei's lonely anger.
Selected publications
Han Fei is a realistic reformer with political ideals, entering the political world by means of reform, like a rainstorm that wants to wash away the dirt, and is thrown into rain marks as soon as it touches the ground. If we want to break the original state of benefiting from each other, how can the great vested interests tolerate him, especially as the core of the important minister, then his end is inevitable. That said, its ideas have lasted for more than two thousand years.
Classic quotes
We have selected some classic quotes of Han Fei full of wisdom in life, the words are pearls, and the sentences are worth savoring for a lifetime.
1
The of a thousand feet, with the nest of ants collapsing;
A hundred feet of room, burned with smoke from a gap.
Words out of "Han Feizi Yu Lao". The effect is that the levee is thousands of feet long, and it collapses because of the hole of the ant; The hundred-foot-tall house was destroyed by flames bursting from the cracks in the chimney.
2
If you lose your eyes, you can't straighten your eyebrows,
If you lose your way, you can't be confused.
Quote "Han Feizi Guan Xing". To the effect that without a mirror, you can't tidy up your face. If behavior loses its moral code, it is impossible to distinguish between right and wrong.
3
Gu Xiaoli, then the remnants of Dali.
Words out of "Han Feizi Ten Over". The general idea is to covet small interests, which is the greatest harm to large interests.
4
The strong are born in the Fa, and the weak are born in ah
Words out of "Han Feizi Wai Chu said lower right". Yeqiang refers to the national peace and prosperity. Weakness is the chaos and weakness of the state. A means injustice, partiality. The country is too peaceful and strong to rely on the rule of law, and the country's chaos and weakness are due to the injustice of law enforcement.
5
The Husband Yan family has no fierceness, while the loving mother has a loser.
Words out of "Han Feizi Xianxue". The effect is that there are no fierce and violent slaves in the family with strict parents, and the spoiled mother spoils the bad loser.
6
Punishment does not avoid the minister, and reward does not leave the husband behind.
Words out of "Han Feizi Youdu". To the effect of punishing those who have committed crimes, they cannot be avoided because they are high-ranking officials and eunuchs; Reward those who have merit, and they must not be forgotten because they are small people.
7
Bone-piercing, so small pain in the body and long profit in the body;
Whispering the ear, so the small rebellion is in the heart and the long-term happiness is in the country.
Words out of "Han Feizi Anwei". To the effect of a virus on a needle piercing bone, a small pain is felt locally while the whole body is healthy for a long time; Listening to profound advice, I feel a little uncomfortable in my heart, but the country is blessed for a long time.
8
The one who has no reference but must, the fool;
He who can do so will be blamed.
Words out of "Han Feizi Xianxue". People who hear a certain statement and affirm it without verifying it with facts are stupid people; Things that cannot be affirmed are attracted as a basis, which is deceiving the world.
Summary
Han Fei is a sword of thought. The coldness, selfishness, deceit, and scheming of the people he reveals are really a distortion of human nature, and why not human nature itself? His writing is sharp and sharp, the so-called "discussion into the essence, for the heart of the text." And just behind that superb text, after the painful shock, what we feel more is a kind of sadness, the sadness of the alienation of human nature and the distortion of human nature!
Han Fei's profound thought was in line with the trend of social development at that time, and had a certain positive significance, and many of his views also had certain reference significance for today's society.
"Han Feizi" book shadow
(Part of the text source of this article: China Law Popularization Network Gansu Discipline Inspection and Supervision Commission)
Han Fei (280 BC - 233 BC) Koreans. The main representative of the Jurist School in the Warring States period. Han Fei was born in the Korean clan at the end of the Warring States period and was a Korean prince. Together with the later Qin chancellor Li Si, he studied under Xun Quan. He wrote to king Han many times, advocating changing the law and trying to be stronger, but it was not adopted. So "the change of gains and losses of the observer", wrote a book. His writings spread to the Qin state and were appreciated by the Qin king Yingzheng. In 233 BC, Han Fei sent an envoy to the state of Qin, framed and imprisoned the Qin ministers Li Si and Yao Jia, and was forced to commit suicide by poisoning.
Han Fei inherited Xunzi's materialist thought, developed the positive components of Laozi's philosophy, and combined the ideas of the Legalists to create a unique ideological system.