At the mouth of the Yellow River, "growing" scenery that you don't know

At the mouth of the Yellow River in late autumn, the air has been slightly cool, but the beautiful scenery has never left.

In late October, when a reporter from Science and Technology Daily interviewed in Dongying, the scene he saw was fascinating: the crimson alkali canopy was clustered into a "red carpet", and the large wetlands were covered with reeds and snow, and birds were flocking among the grass.

The national first-class protected animal with wide and long wings and a body covered with white feathers, the "Bird Giant Panda" Eastern White Stork, is picky about habitat selection. But now, it has made its home in the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve (hereinafter referred to as the Yellow River Delta Reserve) in Dongying City, Shandong Province, and has bred about 2,000 chicks. This figure makes the latter the world's largest breeding ground for the Eastern White Stork.

Birds are most sensitive to the environment. In the Yellow Triangle Protected Area, the reporter of Science and Technology Daily saw the fastest bird - sharp-tailed swift, the bird with the farthest perch - Arctic tern, the highest flying bird - spotted goose... The birds landed, making the managers of the Yellow Triangle Reserve particularly proud, "There are countless magical birds here." ”

There are accurate data to prove it. At present, in the Yellow River Delta Protected Area located at the mouth of the Yellow River, the number of birds has increased from 187 species in 1992 to 371 species today, of which 12 species of birds under national protection have increased from 12 to 25 species, and the number of 38 species of birds has exceeded 1% of the global total, becoming the world's largest breeding ground for the Eastern White Stork, the second largest breeding ground for black-billed gulls in the world, the second largest wintering ground for white cranes in the world, and the southernmost boundary for the wild breeding of red-crowned cranes in China.

It is worth noting that more than 6 million birds migrate, overwinter and breed here every year, which is called the "international airport" for birds by experts. In addition to the amazing birds, the Yellow Triangle Reserve also grows many magical green plants.

For example, the wild soybean, which is 1-4 meters long and covered with brown stiff hairs, is now an endangered plant, but it is widely distributed in the Yellow Triangle Protected Area. The reporter learned that as the largest natural vegetation area of a nascent wetland in china's coast, there are 685 species of various plants, such as locust, dry willow, tamarix, reeds and saline alkali pony, etc. have become representative species; and 512 species have been identified by insect investigation, of which 99 species are new records in Shandong Province.

Birds like it, plants like it, insects love it. All this stems from the continuous improvement of the natural environment of the Yellow Triangle Reserve.

How to implement the major national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin? This is a common and important proposition facing the huang provinces and regions along the yellow.

Li Kuanduan, secretary of the Dongying Municipal Party Committee, said that in recent years, Dongying City, on the one hand, has focused on natural restoration, implementing the implementation of 72,500 mu of farmland return to wet land and returning to the beach; on the other hand, through the implementation of 16 wetland restoration projects, the "river-land-beach-sea" connection system has been built, with a total of 282,000 mu of wetlands restored.

Last year, the Yellow River Delta added a total of 174 million cubic meters of ecological water, more than tripling from the nearly 10-year average. Through the construction of embankments and dams to divert water and store water to the wetland, restore surface runoff, replenish groundwater, and use fresh water to flush alkali and press salt to promote the self-recovery and self-development of wetlands.

In addition to hydration, how to make the water system circulate?

In recent years, Dongying has implemented projects such as water diversion and water extraction, wetland water system connection, and wetland small connection, and focused on building a "river-land-beach-sea" water system connection system to promote the large circulation of the Yellow River and nature reserves and the small circulation within wetlands, effectively alleviate the ecological water contradiction, greatly improve the ecological function of wetlands, and make the river ecosystem healthier.

"Adhere to the priority of protection and natural restoration, comprehensively strengthen the protection of natural ecosystems, and promote the restoration of wetland ecosystems." The relevant person in charge of the Management Committee of the Yellow Triangle Nature Reserve stressed to reporters that in terms of protection, they have implemented the implementation of returning farmland to wet and wet, returning the beach, strengthening planning, and strengthening cooperation with scientific research institutes, the Institute of Coastal Zone of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has established the Ecological Experiment Station of the Yellow River Delta Coastal Wetland, the North Normal University has established the Yellow River Estuary Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, and jointly implemented major scientific research projects such as saline alkali pon, seagrass bed and oyster reef restoration with Beijing Normal University and the Coastal Zone Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to carry out research on ecological protection systems. Promote the implementation of scientific research and the transformation of achievements.

They have implemented an experimental project for the treatment of iridious rice grass, removed invasive alien species of irigomeric rice grass, restored species such as alkali pony, seagrass beds and tidal shellfish in saline land, and maintained the balance and safety of regional ecosystems. Up to now, it has cooperated with more than 30 scientific research institutions and formed more than 20 scientific research results that can be copied and promoted. (Wang Yanbin)

Source: Science and Technology Daily