preface
Huangmei County is located in the easternmost part of Hubei Province, across the river from the Jiujiang River in Jiangxi. According to the Atlas of the Chinese Dialects of China, the Huangmei dialect is classified as the Huangxiao area in the Jianghuai dialect. Since Huangmei County is the junction of Hubei, Jiangxi and Anhui provinces, and the dialect is influenced by the northern dialect, guchu language and Gan language at the same time, it has many unique features compared with other dialects in Huangxiao area in terms of pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. Here we will mainly combine three examples to talk about the ancient words in the Huangmei dialect.
Stomp
"跘" has two pronunciations in the ancient language, "Ji Yun" Pu Guan Che, Yin Yu, and 蹒 tong. And filled with cuts, sound companions, cross foot sitting also. In Huangmei dialect, "toppling" means to fall and fall, which is generally pronounced as bàn [pɑn33] and occasionally pàn [p'ɑn33].
For example, "Run slowly, Mo Dada is high." (Run slower, don't fall.) ）
In modern Chinese, the word "跘" is a low-frequency word. In addition, there is a close word "tripping" is more commonly used in modern Chinese, the original meaning is the belt worn on the back of the animal when driving, which is generally meant to "make it inconvenient to fall or walk", such as "a child is tripped by a stone". This meaning is similar to the meaning of the Huangmei dialect of "跘", except that one subject is to give things and the other is to receive things.
grieve
"Sigh" is a very old Chu dialect word, which was recorded as early as Yang Xiong's "Dialects" - "Sigh, pain also." Whoever mourns and does not weep is lamented, and Yu Fang chu chu says mourning. ”
The original meaning of "sighing" is to sigh or laugh, which means sadness in the ancient Chu dialect. In The Huangmei dialect, the pronunciation of "sigh" is xī[[ i21], which is close to Mandarin, and is generally used to describe the sadness of crying, which is consistent with the meaning of the Chu dialect, such as:
"I beat myself and cried." (The child was beaten and cried incessantly.) ）
The old saying "sigh" is to mourn without weeping, that is, to cry with a sound without tears. The word "sigh" originally refers to the rapid breathing after crying, and later extended to sigh, but also does not emphasize tears. However, the "sigh" in Huang Mei's words is often a complement to "crying", emphasizing the intensity and duration of crying, and is generally used in the context of crying non-stop tears.
It is a polysyllabic character in modern Chinese, but is generally pronounced pāo [p'au21] in Huangmei dialect. The Explanation of The Interpretation of The Words of the Spoken Word is interpreted as a sac- From the province, Tao Sound. In the Huangmei dialect, the word is generally used to describe the soft appearance of round or blocky things, such as:
"The buns are too hard, not at all." (The bun is too hard, not soft at all.) ）
Other dialects also have the word, often written as "bubble", such as "apples have been left for too long, and they are a little foamy." "But this" of Huangmei's words has a larger range of meanings, for example, it can be used to describe a loose and collapsed part of the body, or it can be used to describe the wrinkles after the fingers and toes are put in the water for a long time.
epilogue
Due to the development and change of pronunciation, many times the phonetic characters cannot reflect the original appearance of their meanings. Due to the large difference in pronunciation from Mandarin, some authentic dialect words are also said to be "earth". However, some native languages come from ancient languages, the meaning is profound and elegant, and it is not possible to simply buckle a "soil" hat. The study of dialect vocabulary, both synchronic research, but also diachronic research, if you dig a little more ancient words, it can be convenient to do Chinese history research, but also conducive to the spread and development of local dialects.
Bibliography:
Huang Xi. Research on Huangmei dialect vocabulary[D].Central China Normal University,2013.]
Feng Faqiang. A Study on the Phonetic Evolution of Modern Jianghuai Dialect[D].Nankai University,2014.
Lu Liehong. The Interpretation of Modern Chinese Written Literature and Modern Dialect Words: A Case Study of Huangmei Dialect[J].Journal of Hubei University (Philosophy and Social Science Edition), 2009,36(06):86-89.
Author:
Fang Peng, a native of Huangmei, Hubei Province, is a master's student in the College of Literature of Wuhan University, a native of Huangmei who loves the dialect and culture of his hometown.
Editor-in-Chief: Ruan Guijun
Executive Editor-in-Chief: Guo Junshu
Author: Fang Peng
Cover image: Network
Editor: Zhuang Chengzhi