Speaking of Huizhou, the harmonious combination of the pink wall Dewa horse head wall, brick and wood stone carving, cornices and horns, animal ridge bucket arches, pavilions and pavilions constitutes a unique Huipai architectural tone. Huipai architecture is one of the most important genres of ancient Chinese architecture and has always been respected by Chinese and foreign architects. From ancient times to the present, countless skilled craftsmen have shouldered the mission of "promoting Chinese culture and protecting traditional buildings".
The image comes from the Internet
Mr. Wang Chaowen, a famous aesthetician on the mainland, once commented on Huipai architecture, saying: "Huipai architecture is so beautiful, not only in the whole country, but also in the whole world. And the beauty of such architecture comes from the ingenuity and sweat poured by the craftsmen of the past generations. Liang Sicheng once said: "Architecture alone, for thousands of years, is completely in the hands of craftsmen." Huipai architecture also belongs to it.
Today is the May Day International Labor Day, to introduce you to a unique and important component of the continental wooden structure architecture that embodies the spirit of craftsmanship - the bucket arch. It is located between the column and the sorghum, which plays the role of carrying up and down, transmitting the load; at the same time, it is picked out to make the eaves of the building more far-reaching and the shape more beautiful.
The image comes from the Internet
The image comes from the Internet
Let's understand the composition of the lower bucket arch, which is composed of the bucket, the rise, the arch, the warp, and the ang pieces in the above picture. Structural characteristics actually refer to the "bucket" on the support of "arch", "arch" on the pad "bucket" repeatedly, layer by layer of upward stacking of the extension of the pick.
The development and evolution of Chinese bucket arches has roughly three stages: from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties period, it is the stage of the formation and development of bucket arches; from the Tang Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, it is a mature stage of combining mechanics and architectural art; from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, it is the stage of decorative arch structure.
The development of bucket arches is inseparable from the development of wood structure architecture, and is an important symbol of the improvement of the wood structure system of Chinese architecture. When Huizhou people create bucket arches, on the one hand, they pay attention to local conditions, and between green mountains and green waters, they must show the soft harmony of bucket arches.
The image comes from the Internet
On the other hand, Huizhou people pay attention to a good mouthpiece, and Huizhou's Ruyi Dougong contains auspicious ruyi and has the originality of Huizhou craftsmen. With the development of the bucket arch, it not only represents support and stability, but more is its decorative effect. As a carving art representing the ancient Huizhou culture, the three sculptures of Huizhou also express its artistic achievements to a certain extent through the medium of bucket arch.
The image comes from the Internet
Next, please enjoy a video of the construction of a group of bucket arches~
After watching the video of the construction of the bucket arch, do you really want to experience it for yourself? Don't worry about waiting for the epidemic to improve, welcome everyone to the Anhui Museum to participate in the series of offline social education activities of "Exploring the Mysteries of Huizhou Ancient Architecture", inviting you to feel the ingenuity and wisdom of the ancients and feel the philosophical idea of "the unity of heaven and man" in ancient architecture.
Copywriter: Hu Ling
Photo: Zhou Huichen
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