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Lithography is referred to as lithography (including offset printing and flat letterpress), which is the most commonly used printing method, which means that the printing part of the printing plate is on the same plane as the non-printing part, and the printing is achieved by absorbing ink on the ink part of the printing plate pattern and the principle of no ink absorption in the blank part.
According to the traditional classification method, the banknote printing methods commonly used in various countries in the world now mainly include lithographic printing (including offset printing and flat letterpress), gravure printing, and letterpress printing, which have their own different characteristics. The patterns printed using these three methods have distinct characteristics, so they also play an extremely important role in the anti-counterfeiting of banknotes.
01
offset
Lithography is referred to as lithography (including offset printing and flat letterpress), which is the most commonly used printing method, which means that the printing part of the printing plate is on the same plane as the non-printing part, and the printing is achieved by absorbing ink on the ink part of the printing plate pattern and the principle of no ink absorption in the blank part.
The printing plate is first transferred to the rubber roller and then printed to the paper, so the lithography is also called offset printing. The main characteristics of lithography are thin ink layer, bright color, soft tone, generally used on banknotes to print large areas, complex changes in fine line pattern pattern and shading pattern. Due to the use of high-performance special printing machines and advanced processes, the printed line pattern and ordinary offset printing are different, the more colors, the finer the line pattern, the more difficult it is for counterfeiters to imitate.
In addition, in order to prevent copying and counterfeiting, the shading uses microprinting technology, that is, tiny words or numbers are printed on specific parts, and this microfilm copying equipment cannot be distinguished, and it can only be seen clearly with a certain number of magnification glasses.
02
Intaglio printing
Gravure printing, referred to as gravure printing, is the traditional method of banknote production, and now gravure printing is still commonly used in banknotes around the world. The ink part of this printing plate is concave, the printing plate is directly in contact with the paper surface during printing, and the ink in the groove is directly transferred to the paper under strong pressure, and the ink is presented in a three-dimensional state on the paper, and there is a feeling of unevenness by carefully touching with the hand. Gravure printing is divided into deep print and light print. The deep engraving of the original engraving has a deeper concave degree and a strong three-dimensional sense of ink; The original version of the shallow pattern is engraved more shallowly, so the degree of ink bulge is relatively shallow.
Two characteristics of gravure printing can be easily found on the RMB, one is that the ink layer is thick and the feel is strong; The second is to have a strong three-dimensional effect.
03
letterpress
Letterpress printing is referred to as embossing, the ink part of this printing plate is raised, the raised part is coated with ink, and the pattern is printed directly on the paper, similar to a stamp stamp. Due to the heavy pressure on the printing plate and the paper surface during printing, the back of the paper will produce dents, and the edges of the lines are sometimes squeezed out due to the large amount of ink.
Embossing is mainly used to print the crown number of banknotes, the president's stamp, etc. The embossed pattern is higher than the plate plane, and the printed pattern is lower than the paper plane, as if pressed into the paper. Although the print pattern of the flat emboss is also higher than the plate plane, it is much higher than the embossing.
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