#读道德经 #
original
Jiang Hai can be the king of the hundred valleys, and with his good deeds, he can be the king of the hundred valleys. If you want to go up to the people, you will say what you say, and if you want the people before you, you will follow them. It is the saints who are above and the people are not heavy, and the people who are in front of them are not harmed. It is to push the world's music and not get tired. Because of its indisputable, the world cannot compete with it.
interpretation
The reason why Jiang Hai can become the king of hundreds of rivers is because he is good at handling things, so he can become the king of hundreds of rivers. Therefore, when the saint rules over the people, he must treat the people with humility; if the saint wants to lead the people before him, he must put his own interests behind the people. Therefore, the saints are above and the people are not burdened, the saints are in front and the people are not harmed. Therefore, the people of the world are happy to support him without getting bored. Because he does not fight, no one in the world can compete with him.
Jiang Hai can be the king of the hundred valleys, and with his good deeds, he can be the king of the hundred valleys. If you want to go up to the people, you will say what you say, and if you want the people before you, you will follow them
"Jiang Hai can be the king of the hundred valleys, and because of his good deeds, he can be the king of the hundred valleys." Because the great rivers and seas are good at handling things, they do not hesitate to flow, and they can unite all the forces that can be united, so they can be the "king of hundred valleys".
The sea is the lowest place in the world, holding fresh water, salt water, clean water, dirty water and everything else from everywhere, and becoming the largest ocean on the land. This is the truth of physical nature, so human cultivation should be like the ocean, able to accommodate everything.
"If you want to go up to the people, you will say it." If you want to stand on top and lead the people below, you must know humility in language. Leaders cannot speak in a domineering manner. With a humble attitude, it is said that the people are the masters, and I, the widow, are slaves, to do things for you.
"If you want your ancestors, you will come after them." If you want to stand in the front and be a good leader, you must know how to put your own interests in the back, and if you want to lead others, you must give benefits to others. The world is worried and worried, and the world is happy and happy.
When there is a benefit, the leader wants to let the person being led get it first, and then take the rest himself; if there is no leftover, it doesn't matter, I don't want it. If I encounter difficulties, I will face them first, and you will take a step behind, which is the principle of leadership and the morality of leaders.
It is the saints who are above and the people are not heavy, and the people who are in front of them are not harmed. It is to push the world's music and not get tired. Because of its indisputable, the world cannot compete with it
"It is the saints who are on top of the people and not the people", so a good leader leads everyone on it, and everyone does not feel heavy pressure.
"Treat the people in front and do no harm", lead everyone in the front, and everyone does not feel that you are harmful to him. If you want to lead others, you have to let others benefit.
"It is to push the world's music and not get tired", so the people of the world are holding you high and not feeling bored.
"Because of its indisputability, the world cannot compete with it." A leader can get everyone's support precisely because you don't fight with the people for profit. "Benefits are not harmful, and there is no dispute for the sake", and the result is "because of its indisputable, the world cannot compete with it". The more people who fight, the more they often fail in the end, because your position has stipulated your due responsibilities.
The indisputability of the saints is the indisputability of interests. Benefits are obtained by others first, and bad things are not done by others, and they are faced first. This "non-contention" is not to argue for benefits, not to do things. Since the way of the saints is an indisputable position, no one in the world dares to compete with him. It's not that he doesn't dare to fight with him, but he doesn't want to fight, because all he accepts is unlucky things, so others won't come and grab it.
tale
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, there was a mountain people rebellion in Sichuan, and after several years of conquest, Wang Jian recruited rebels and slowly became stronger. At that time, the imperial court saw that his power was growing, so they took advantage of the situation and appointed him as the envoy of Nishikawa Jiedushi.
In the first year of Emperor Jingfu of Tang Zhaozong (892 CE), Wei Rong Jiedu asked Yang Sheng to lead an army to attack Wang Jian, and Wang Jian sent his sons Wang Zongyu of Jiazhou, Wang Zongkan of Yazhou, and Wei Xindu to command Hua Hong and Maozhou Assassin Wang Zongyao to lead a 50,000-strong army to attack Pengzhou (彭州, in modern Peng County, Sichuan Province), Yang Sheng sent troops to meet the defeat and retreated into the city, and Wang Zongyu and others took the opportunity to surround Pengzhou. However, the continued attack encountered stubborn resistance and could not be attacked for a long time. Fearing the swordsmen, the people fled into the valley.
With nowhere to collect grain and a shortage of grain and grass in the army, it was difficult to replenish, and some generals allowed the soldiers to be taken prisoner and plundered everywhere. Whatever they get, they will first choose and keep for themselves, and the rest will be divided among the soldiers. They called this kind of captivity "tao", which was forbidden by no one, and became a common practice.
There was a sergeant named Wang Xiancheng, a native of Xinjin, who was originally a scholar and was forced to become a soldier because of the chaos. Seeing that the military discipline of the soldiers was so bad, I was very worried. Wang Xiancheng repeatedly considered that among the generals, only Wang Zongkan of Beizhai was the most virtuous, so he went to Chen to explain the stakes.
He said: "Pengzhou was originally the governor of Xichuan, and the people of the prefecture knew that Xichuan was a big capital, and all the states were under its control, and Situ (referring to Wang Jian) was their commander. When the army first arrived, the people fled into the valley to take shelter instead of entering the city to resist, which was waiting for the recruitment. Now the army had been here for months, and there was no news of the recruitment, and the soldiers were again plundering the people, no different from thieves. They robbed the people of their wealth, drove the people's cattle, sheep and livestock, and snatched the old and weak and the women as slaves, so that fathers and sons and brothers were exiled and resentful. The people hiding in the mountains had no food or clothing, were lonely and thirsty, mutilated by poisonous snakes and tigers, mourned and had no return. Now if Situ does not rescue and comfort the people, then the people will probably submit to Yang Sheng again and resist the imperial order. ”
When Wang Zongkan heard this, he couldn't help but feel pity in his heart. So I asked him what to do. Wang Xiancheng continued: "There is a more serious problem than this, and now every military village has to go out every morning with six or seven hundred people, go into the mountains to 'hunt for prisoners', and only come back in the evening, without any defense." Fortunately, there were no high-ranking people in the city, in case there were people with deep wisdom and wisdom to advise Yang Sheng, let him take advantage of the false attack, first ambush the soldiers inside the city gate, and then climb up to the head of the city to check, and when the soldiers of the 'Tao' entered the mountain, they would send crossbowmen, hundreds of gunners, attack the side of Dazhai, and then send 500 soldiers, transport firewood and stone to fill the trenches, and then the rebels rushed out to attack Dazhai and set fire to it, so that the encirclement would be broken. At the same time, the rebels arranged suspicious soldiers under the city on three sides to attack and break through, and the villages did not know whether it was true or false, so they would try to defend themselves and have no time to save each other, so the rebels in the city would flee from the breakthrough on this side. Wouldn't our encirclement fail in this way? ”
The more Wang Zongkan listened, the more he felt that the situation was critical, and he couldn't help but hurriedly ask: "It is true that such a situation may occur, so what should we do?" Wang Xian, seeing that Wang Zongkan already understood the stakes, said, "There are countermeasures to resist the enemy. I think it would be better to report it to Situ for implementation as soon as possible. ”
Wang Zongkan asked him to write a sonata. Wang Xiancheng wrote: "The things that are played today need to be jointly implemented by the four villages. Zong Kan's jurisdiction is only the north, and if it is feasible to play Chen's affairs, he requests that the villages be ordered to supervise the implementation. There are seven things to be done: First, to recruit the people who are sheltered from disasters in the mountains. Second, it is strictly forbidden for Zhuzhai to go out to 'tao', and the seven miles around Zhuzhai are demarcated as pastoral areas, and those who cross the border are beheaded. 3. Set up a village to resettle the people who have descended the mountain. 4. Wei Zongkan hosted the recruitment and security affairs. Fifth, the commanders and generals of all villages were strictly ordered to gather the captured Pengzhou men, women, and children in the camp and behead those who dared to hide the population privately; sixth, set up a Cao Bureau in Zhao'an Zhai county to appease the people. Seventh, the land of Pengzhou is suitable for planting hemp, and most of the people live on hemp before entering the mountains. He could make the people return to the fields and sell the hemp they had made to the government in exchange for grain.
Wang Jian was very happy to receive Wang Zongkan's report, and ordered all the villages to implement according to Wang Xiancheng's words. After the list was passed down, the threat was impressive, and no one dared to violate it. A few days later, the people in the mountains poured into Zhao'an Village, and finally the village could not accommodate it, so they had to tear down the wall and expand it, and gradually, there were more people, and the market trade slowly flourished, and the people sold it for food.
The common people saw that the village was not in danger of knife soldiers, and gradually returned to their homes, from the accident industry. More than a month later, the people of Zhao'an Village also returned to their respective villages. Pengzhou City was also not self-defeating.