Although pig prices have recently rebounded, there is still a big gap from the bottom line of pig farmers. The contradiction now is that the cost has risen, but the price of pigs has fallen, and even fallen below the cost line, and the phenomenon of "selling one head and losing one head" has emerged.
But pig farmers know that the pig industry is not determined by the cost of the price, pig prices will not be increased because of the increase in costs, the real impact of pig price changes are supply and consumption of the two major factors, and supply and consumption is not the pig farmer can control.
What pig farmers can do is to seek solutions to reduce costs and increase efficiency and improve competitiveness as much as possible, so as to possibly carry the risks brought about by low pig prices.
How can the cost of raising pigs be reduced a little more? The first thing to do is to clarify what exactly is affecting the cost of raising pigs. The main impact on the cost of pig raising is feed, sow dead tao, pig essence, depreciation costs, manpower, four major drug costs (disinfection, epidemic prevention, health care, treatment drug costs), water and electricity costs, etc. Here will be carried out to analyze the impact of several major factors on the cost of changes in the current situation.
1. Feed cost
Feed costs are the most important component of pig farming costs, accounting for about 60%-70% of breeding costs.
Affected by the drought in South America, the conflict in the European region and other factors, the price of feed raw materials such as soybean meal and corn continued to rise after the Spring Festival this year, and the price of soybean meal rose to about 5500 yuan, compared with 3200 yuan / ton last year, the gap is not small, the price of raw materials has risen, and the price of feed has jumped all the way, further exacerbating the breeding pressure of pig farmers.
2, sow dead Tao
The main reason for the elimination of sows is first, limb and hoof problems, and second, natural death due to digestive tract disorders, heart problems and childbirth problems. And in 2021, the cost of death for sows is much higher, with the average cost of a dead sow between $996 and $1275.
After FW, the number of breeding pigs decreased sharply, and the demand for binary sows increased. In order to catch up with the good market, some farms choose to convert fat pigs into sows for the purpose of rapid breeding. With the further improvement of market production capacity, the current ternary sow is being eliminated in large quantities, reducing the production cost of pigs, but also increasing the cost of sow elimination.
3. Four major drug costs
Before the African swine fever epidemic, the cost of pig breeding was about 12.5 yuan per kilogram, and the current cost per kilogram of breeding increased by about 4.5 yuan compared with before the epidemic, an increase of about 36.0%, of which the average cost of FW prevention and control heads in large-scale pig farms increased by about 103 yuan.
At present, FW normalization, although pig prices fall and fall, but pig farmers still have to do a good job of biosecurity work, a careless introduction of FW virus may lead to pig farms "no return".
4. Pig essence
Pig essence is a key element of sow production in pig farms, and it is a cost that cannot be avoided by sow farms. Through xiubo gene research found that the biggest factor affecting the breeding efficiency of sows at present is the technical level of breeding personnel, technology is not good, not only will lead to production efficiency is not up to expectations, but also will cause pig essence waste, if the breeding use of pig essence 3 bags down to 2.5 bags, the cost per kilogram of meat pigs can be reduced by 0.004 yuan.
At present, with the continuous recovery of production capacity, some pig farmers have begun to raise boars by themselves, in fact, the cost of raising boars by themselves is far higher than that of using commercial pig essences, and the cost of barns, artificial, breeding pigs, water and electricity will increase.
In addition to the above factors, other factors affecting the cost of pig raising are also constantly adjusting with the changes of the times, and pig farmers should carry out corresponding measures for the factors affecting the cost of pigs to achieve the purpose of reducing costs.
Raising pigs is like a "big gamble", many times rely on luck, bet on the market, a little carelessness may lead to "full of losses".