The development of Chinese porcelain has a history of hundreds of years, in this process it has a variety of shapes, with the characteristics of several ethnic groups, therefore, blue and white porcelain is loved by people. Blue and white porcelain is rich in content and variety, from abstract collection patterns to artistic depictions of natural things, or elegant and light or rich and simple, presenting boundless charm in monochrome.
01 yuan blue and white ornament
Yuanqing flower ornaments mainly include characters, animals, plants, etc., the general yunlong, deer, phoenix, crane, unicorn, lion, turquoise plum, begonia, peony, chrysanthemum, melon fruit, eight treasure patterns and other independent images are decorated in the middle of the porcelain, abdomen and other more eye-catching positions.
1. Lotus pattern, peony pattern, chrysanthemum pattern
Floral ornaments in yuanqinghua are very common, but the most common are lotus pattern, peony pattern and chrysanthemum pattern. The painting method of these three plants is basically fixed: the lotus flower leaves are gourd-shaped with wings: the peony flowers are full and fat, and the petals are pointed; Chrysanthemum flowers and leaves are five-pronged leaves. All three flowers naturally have white edges and are not filled with color
2. Deformed lotus petal pattern
Commonly known as "eight large sizes", it is suitable for round porcelain. The pattern is eight lotus petals, each of which is decorated with flowers, clouds, flames, miscellaneous treasures, etc. The lotus petals on the blue and white porcelain pattern of the Yuan Dynasty have distinct characteristics of the times, and they are outlined in parallel with a thick line and a thin line, and the petals are not connected.
Other parts are decorated with some auxiliary patterns of plants, such as curly grass pattern, brocade pattern, money pattern, lotus petal, tangled branch pattern, plantain pattern, cloud pattern, water ripple, etc., and the animals are dragon and phoenix, unicorn, mandarin duck, sea monster pattern
02 Bright blue and white ornamentation
Yongle blue and white patterns are diverse, the ornamentation is beautiful and natural, giving people a sense of beauty. Floral patterns are decorated with tangled branches and flowers, few flowers and leaves, and the branches are beautiful, showing a simple and flowing color, animal patterns are decorated with dragon and phoenix patterns, and a small number of unicorns, sea beasts and so on.
The ornamentation of the Xuande years is characterized by the exaggerated freehand unicorn pattern.
Yongxuan Qinghua is influenced by the culture and religion of the Western Regions, imitating the products of metals and pottery in West Asia, some of which are more obvious in foreign styles, and a large number of Islamic, Taoist and Buddhist ornaments appear on blue and white porcelain, such as geometric patterns and flower branches, showing the great inclusiveness of traditional Chinese culture.
03 Qing Dynasty three generations of blue and white ornamentation
Qing Dynasty porcelain is the porcelain of the Qing Dynasty. The level of porcelain firing of Chinese working people can be described as the peak. Thousands of years of experience, coupled with the natural raw materials of Jingdezhen, the management of the inspector pottery officials, the three generations of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong in the early years of the Qing Dynasty, due to political stability, economic prosperity, the emperor attaches great importance to the achievements of porcelain, the emperor's hobbies and advocacy, making the porcelain production technology of the early Qing Dynasty superb, the decoration fine and gorgeous, the achievements are extraordinary, fully embodying the outstanding talent and artistic creativity of the ancient working people.
Qing Dynasty blue and white porcelain ornamentation was influenced by the painting art of the time, and the official kiln porcelain ornamentation tended to be patterned, regular and rigid, the pen was very delicate, and the composition was too rigorous and dense.
During the Kangxi Dynasty, the blue and white ornaments broke through the shackles of the standardization of the official kiln patterns of the past dynasties and were full of life. The "water-splitting" painting method on the blue and white porcelain from the late Ming Dynasty to the shunzhi tends to be perfected, so that the blue and white colors regularly show the layers of thickness and shade, and are easily used to decorate various utensils. The blue and white hair color is beautiful and bright, and it is pushed as the crown of the blue and white porcelain of the Qing Dynasty.
Yongzheng blue and white ornamentation style is elegant and delicate, the content is mainly floral feathers, beasts, followed by landscapes, and fewer characters. The pen is delicate and delicate, the composition is clear, the colors are elegant, the layers are clear, the ornamentation is simple and clear, the theme is prominent, the overall sense of the pattern is strong, and the rules are full of changes. Many of the paintings are equipped with verses and seals, so that the traditional Chinese art of calligraphy and painting is completely transplanted into the porcelain ornamentation. The picture is sparse and there are more blank spaces, which are different from the grandeur of Kangxi and the beautiful and prosperous of Qianlong, and are characterized by freshness and elegance
Qianlong Qinghua is famous for its dense ornamentation, neat dyeing and painting, and novel shape. Every process of Qianlong Qinghua is meticulous, meticulously crafted, and very rich in ornamental themes. The content is rich and colorful, in addition to the traditional themes, especially the feudal ethics and fulu shou allegorical pictures, like the hundred zi tu, the five blessings of the shou, the five sons of Dengke, the three sheep Kaitai and other some ornamental patterns, these blessings and auspicious content, since then has become a common decoration of the dynasties, widely popular in the late Qing Dynasty. There are also ornaments praising peace, which also appear more often, coupled with Qianlong's belief in Buddhism, there are also many ornaments related to Buddhism on the ornaments.