The 2023 Peking University Examination preparation has officially begun, in order to help candidates find information conveniently, Shengshi Qingbei special collation of relevant information is as follows, for reference only:
【Examination Questions】
199 comprehensive management capabilities
First, the problem solving: the 1st to 15th sub-questions, each sub-question 3 points, a total of 45 points. Of the five options given for each of the following questions, A.B.C.D.E, only one of them meets the requirements of the question. Please black out the letters of the selected item on the answer card.
1. In the total expenditure of a family in a year, the ratio of children's education expenditure to living materials expenditure is 3:8, and the expenditure on culture and entertainment and children's education is 1:2. It is known that cultural and recreational expenditure accounts for 10.5% of total household expenditure, while expenditure on means of subsistence accounts for 10.5% of total household expenditure ( )
(A)40% (B)42% (C)48% (D)56% (E)64%
[Reference answer] D
2. There is a batch of square tiles of the same specifications, with them to cover the entire square area when the remaining 180 blocks, the side length of this square area to increase the length of a tile, but also need to add 21 tiles to fill, the batch of tiles have a total of ( )
(A) 9981块 (B) 10000块 (C) 10180块 (D) 10201块 (E) 10222块
[Reference answer] C
3. At 9:00 a.m., a truck departs from place A to place B, and at the same time a bus leaves from place B to place A, and at 12:00 noon, the two cars meet, then when the bus arrives at place A, the distance between the truck and place B is ( )
(A)30 km (B)43 km (C)45 km (D)50 km (E)57 km
[Reference answer] E
4. Randomly select 3 of the 6 cards marked with the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively, and the number on them and the probability equal to 10 ()
(A)0.05 (B)0.1 (C)0.15 (D)0.2 (E)0.25
5. When a shopping mall sells each refrigerator with a purchase price of 2000 yuan to 2400 yuan, it sells 8 sets per day, and the survey shows that for every 50 yuan lowering the price of this refrigerator, 4 more units can be sold every day. To make the most profitable sales per day, the refrigerator should be priced at ( )
(A) 2200 (B)2250 (C)2300 (D)2350 (E)2400
[Reference answer] B
6. A committee is composed of three different professional personnel, the number of people in the three majors is 2, 3, 4, from which 2 members of different majors are selected to go out to investigate, then different selection methods are ()
(A) 36 species (B) 26 species (C) 12 species (D) 8 species (E) 6 species
7. Take any number from 1 to 100, and the probability that the number can be divisible by 5 or 7 is ( )
(A)0.02 (B)0.14 (C)0.2 (D)0.32 (E)0.34
8. As shown in Figure 1, in the quad ABCD, the edge lengths of AB//CD, AB and CD are 4 and 8, respectively, if the area of △ABE is 4, the area of the quadrilateral ABCD is ( )
(A)24. (B)30. (C)32. (D)36. (E)40.
9. There are 340 rectangular planks and 160 square planks (Figure 2), which can be equipped with a number of vertical and horizontal coverless boxes (Figure 3), and the number of vertical and horizontal boxes assembled is ()
(A)25, 80 (B)60, 50 (C)20, 70 (D)60, 40 (E)40, 60
10. Circle x2 + y2-6x + 4y = 0 The farthest point from the origin is ( )
(A) (-3,2) (B) (3,-2) (C) (6,4) (D) (-6,4) (E) (6,-4)
11. As shown in Figure 4, the coordinates of points A, B, and O are (4,0), (0,3), (0,0), and if (x,y) is the point in △ABO, the maximum value of 2x+3y is ( )
(A)6 (B)7 (C)8 (D)9 (E)12
12. Let the parabola y = x2 + 2ax + b intersect with the x axis at two points A, B, the coordinate of point C is (0, 2), if the area of △ABC is equal to 6, then ( )
(A)a2-b=9 (B)a2+b=9 (C)a2-b=36
(D)a2+b=36 (E)a2-4b=9
[Reference Answer] A
13. A company purchased a set of equipment priced at 11 million yuan in installments, made an initial payment of 1 million yuan, and then paid 500,000 yuan per month, and paid interest on the balance of the previous period, with an interest rate of 1%, and the company paid for this equipment ( )
(A) 11.95 million yuan (B) 12 million yuan (C) 12.05 million yuan (D) 12.15 million yuan (E) 13 million yuan
14. A student should take 2 courses in 4 different courses, 2 of these 4 courses will have a class, and the other 2 courses will open 2 classes, and the student will have a total of different course selection methods ( )
(A) 6 species (B) 8 species (C) 10 species (D) 13 species (E) 15 species
15. As shown in Figure 5, if a cylindrical hole with a bottom radius of 6 cm is opened on a sphere with a radius of 10 cm, the inner wall area of the hole is (unit: square centimeters) ()
(A)48 (B)288 (C)96 (D)576 (E)192
Second, the conditional adequacy judgment: the 16th-25th sub-question, each sub-question 3 points, a total of 30 points.
It is required to judge whether the conditions (1) and (2) given in each question can adequately support the conclusions stated by the stem.
A.B.C.D.E Five options for judgment to conclude the course, please select a judgment that meets the requirements of the test question, please black out the letters of the selected option on the answer card.
(A) Condition (1) is sufficient, but Condition (2) is insufficient
(B) Condition (2) is sufficient, but Condition (1) is insufficient
(C) Conditions (1) and (2) are not sufficient, but are combined sufficiently
Condition (D) (1) is sufficient, condition (2) is also sufficient
(E) Conditions (1) and (2) are insufficient, nor are they sufficiently combined
16. The average age of the employees of a company and the average age of female employees of a company can be determined
(1) The number of known employees of the company
(2) The ratio of the number of female employees of the company known
17. As shown in Figure 6, the square ABCD is composed of four identical rectangles and a small orthographic shape, the area of the small square can be determined
(1) The area of the square ABCD is known
(2) The ratio of length to width of a rectangle is known
18. Two kinds of pipes of length a and b can be used to connect pipes with a length of 37 (unit: meters)
(1)a=3,b=5(2)a=4,b=6
19. If it is x, y real number, then x≤6, y≤4
(1)x≤y+2 (2)2y≤x+2
20. Mixing 2 liters of A alcohol and 1 liter of B alcohol to obtain C alcohol can determine the concentration of A and B alcohol
(1) The attempt to mix 1 liter of A alcohol and 5 liters of B alcohol is 1/2 times the concentration of C wine
(2) After mixing 1 liter of A alcohol and 2 liters of B alcohol, the attempt is 2/3 times the concentration of C wine
21. Set two sets of data S1: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and S2: 4, 5, 6, 7, a, the value of a can be determined
(1) The means of S1 and S2 are equal
(2) The variance of S1 and S2 is equal
22. If a finite set of points in a plane of M is known, there are points on the plane that are equally distanced from the points in M
(1) There are only three points in M
(1) Any of the three points in M are not collinear
23. If it is x, y real number, you can determine the minimum value of x3 + y
(1)xy=1
(2)x+y=2
24. Known sequences a1, a2, a3... a10, then a1-a2+a3-... +A9-a10≥0.
(1)an≥the+1,n=1,2,... 9.
(2)a2n≥a2n+1.n=1.2,... 9.
25. If f(x) = x2 + ax + b is known, then 0≤f(1) ≤ 1
(1)f(x) has two zeros in the interval [0,1].
(2)f(x) has two zeros in the interval [1,2].
Third, logical reasoning: the 26th to 55th sub-questions, each sub-question 2 points, a total of 60 points. Each of the following questions is given
Of the five options A.B.C.D.E, only one of them meets the requirements of the question. Please black out the letters of the selected item on the answer card.
26. If enterprises want to build a scientific and technological innovation center, they must promote cooperation with universities and scientific research institutes, so as to stimulate the vitality of independent innovation. Only by building a platform for serving the development strategy of scientific and technological innovation, a platform for connecting scientific and technological innovation and economic development, and a platform for gathering innovative talents can an enterprise give birth to major scientific and technological achievements.
(A) If enterprises do not build a platform to gather innovative talents, they will not be able to produce major scientific and technological achievements
(B) If the enterprise builds a platform to serve the development strategy of scientific and technological innovation, it can give birth to major scientific and technological achievements
(C) If enterprises promote cooperation with universities and scientific research institutes, they can stimulate the vitality of their independent innovation
(D) If enterprises build a platform for connecting scientific and technological innovation and economic development, they can stimulate the vitality of their independent innovation
(E) Whether cooperation with universities and scientific research institutes can be promoted determines whether enterprises have the vitality of independent innovation
27. The construction of ecological civilization is related to the mode of social development and the well-being of the people. Only the implementation of the strictest system and the strictest rule of law can provide a reliable guarantee for the construction of ecological civilization; If we want to implement the strictest system and the strictest rule of law, we must establish a responsibility investigation system to investigate those who blindly make decisions regardless of the ecological environment and cause serious consequences.
Based on the above information, which of the following can be derived?
(A) If we want to establish a system of accountability, we must implement the strictest system and the strictest rule of law.
(B) Only by building a solid institutional protective wall of the ecological environment can we benefit the people.
(C) If those who blindly make decisions regardless of the ecological environment and cause serious consequences are held accountable, they can provide a reliable guarantee for the construction of ecological civilization.
(D) The implementation of the strictest system and the strictest rule of law is an important goal of ecological civilization construction.
(E) If a responsibility investigation system is not established, it will not be possible to provide a reliable guarantee for the construction of ecological civilization.
28. Pay attention to the natural education of children, let children personally feel the magic and beauty of nature, can promote children to release their nature, stimulate their own potential: and children who lack education in this area are prone to become lonely, and the development of morality, emotion and cognitive ability will be affected to a certain extent.
Which of the following is most similar to the above statement?
(A) Ordinary people used to "hope for food and clothing", and now "hope for environmental protection"; In the past, "survival" is now "ecology".
(B) Engaging in economic development without environmental protection is "exhausting and fishing", and grasping environmental protection without economic development is "seeking fish from wood".
(C) Paying attention to investigation and research can allow us to grasp first-hand information: making cars behind closed doors can only make us detached from reality.
(D) A person who speaks only one language, the average age at which they were first diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease was about 71 years; Bilinguals are first diagnosed with an average age of about 76 years; People who speak three languages, the average age at which they were first diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease was about 78 years old.
(E) If children rely entirely on electronic devices for learning and living, they will become increasingly indifferent to the environment.
29. The ancients used the dry branch to chronicle. Methyl ethylene propyl butyl heptyl heptyl heptyl heptyl nonyl decyl is ten stems, also known as heavenly stem. Zi Ugly Yin 卯辰巳 Sequentially, the heavenly stem is matched with the earth branch, such as A, B ugly, C
Yin 、......、 decyl unitary, Jia Shu, Yi Hai, C Zi, etc., are repeated once every sixty years, commonly known as sixty flower nails. According to the Ganzhi Chronicle, 2014 AD is the year of Jia Wu, and 2015 AD is the year of Yi Wei.
Based on the above statement, which of the following can be concluded?
(A) The 21st century will have an ugly year.
(B) Modern man no longer has to do the branch chronology.
(C) The dry branch year is conducive to agricultural affairs.
(D) According to the Ganzhi Chronicle, 2087 AD is the year of Ding Wei.
(E) According to the Ganzhi Chronicle, 2024 AD is the year of Jiayin.
30. Zhao Ming and Wang Hong, both members of a college debate association, had a dispute over the recruitment of new players for this year's Chinese debate competition.
Zhao Ming: We must select people who like to debate. Because only if one loves to debate can one devote energy and time to studying debate and participating in debate competitions.
Wang Hong: We are not recruiting debate enthusiasts, but debaters who can fight hard battles. Whoever he is, as long as he can play his rightful role in the debate competition, he is our ideal candidate.
Which of the following is most likely to be the focus of the two people's arguments?
(A) The criterion for recruitment is whether it is a love of debate or the ability to debate.
(B) The criteria for recruitment are whether to proceed from reality or from ideals.
(C) The purpose of recruitment is for collective honor or to satisfy individual hobbies.
(D) The purpose of recruitment is to train new people or to win the game.
(E) The purpose of recruitment is to study the laws of debate or to cultivate practical ability.
31. In a certain Intercontinental Cup football competition, there are 4 teams participating in the first stage of a group single round robin, and each team needs to play three more games in this stage. The national football team drew one and lost one of the first two rounds of the group. Ahead of the third round, the coach of the national football team said at a press conference: "We will only be able to qualify from this group if we win the next game and the other game in this group is tied."
(A) The Nationals won the third match, but they failed to qualify from the group.
(B) In the third round of the match, another match of the group was tied, and the first national team qualified from the group.
(C) In the third round of the match, the two matches of the group were divided into winners and losses, and the first national team qualified from the group.
(D) In the third round of the match, the national team won, the other game of the group was a draw, and the national team failed to qualify from the group.
(E) In the third round of the match, both matches of the group were tied, and the first national team failed to qualify from the group.
32. Archaeologists found that the adobe brick of the late Yangshao culture had neat edges and no cutting marks, so they speculated that the adobe brick should have been pressed and formed using a wooden mold: the other 5 sintered bricks made of adobe bricks were tested to be fired at a temperature of 850 to 900 ° C. Archaeologists further speculate that the bricks at that time were first made of clay using molds, and then fired at high temperatures.
(A) In the late Yangshao culture, the people had mastered the high-temperature smelting technology.
(B) The late Yangshao culture is dating from about 3500 BC to 3000 BC.
(C) As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, people in the Central Plains could burn floor tiles and hollow bricks
(D) Adobe bricks that are not molded, and their edges are either untidy or have cutting marks.
(E) The five sintered bricks unearthed are 5,000 years old, and indeed belong to the late Yangshao culture.
33. Researchers have found that there are three nucleotide gene types in humans: AA, AG, and GG. A person has a 36% chance of being AA type, 48% of them have an AG type, and a 16% chance of being GG type. Of the 1,200 older adults who participated in the experiment, all with AA and AG genotypes died before 11 a.m., while those with GG genotypes died around 6 p.m. The researchers believe that people with the GG gene type die an average of 7 hours later than others.
Which of the following, if true, would best question the views of the researchers mentioned above
(A) Subjects with GG gene types are susceptible to cardiovascular disease.
(B) Some people die due to illness or accident or other factors.
(C) The comparison of the time of death is more important than the time of day which year and which day.
(D) The average life expectancy should be calculated based on the length of life of the subject, not the time of death of the subject.
(E) When death is approaching, the human body will return to a more natural stage of physiological rhythm induction.
34. A city's consumer rights protection regulations clearly stipulate that consumers can return their purchased goods "within 7 days without reason". However, this provision has not been smoothly implemented after its introduction, and many consumers often encounter obstruction from merchants when returning goods within 7 days "without reason", who refuse to return goods on the grounds that the goods have been treated at special prices, the goods have been opened or used. Which of the following, if true, would best question the merchant's reason for obstructing the return?
(A) The quality of those goods treated at special prices is not guaranteed.
(B) If the goods are not opened for inspection, it is impossible to know whether there is a quality problem with the goods.
(C) Once the goods cattle are opened or used, the consumer can choose to return them even if there is no problem.
(D) The government is always biased towards consumers, which is unfair to businesses.
(E) After the opening of the goods, if the product specifications, quality and other problems come from the consumer himself, they shall be liable for this.
35. The work arrangements of a county party committee on the next Monday are as follows:
(1) If Deputy Secretary Li is on duty in the county seat, then he must participate in the regular meeting of propaganda work;
(2) If Deputy Secretary Li is on duty in the county seat, then he will have to do the reception of letters and visits;
(3) If Secretary Wang goes to the countryside to investigate, then Deputy Secretary Zhang or Deputy Secretary Li need to be on duty in the county;
(4) Only by participating in regular meetings of propaganda work or doing the reception of letters and visits, Secretary Wang will not go to the countryside to investigate;
(5) Only the deputy secretary in charge of publicity can participate in the regular meeting of publicity work, and only one deputy secretary needs to participate in the reception of letters.
Based on the above-mentioned organization of work, which of the following can be derived?
(A) Secretary Wang went to the countryside to investigate.
(B) Deputy Secretary Zhang does the work of receiving letters and visits.
(C) Deputy Secretary Li does the work of receiving letters and visits.
(D) Deputy Secretary Zhang attended the regular meeting of publicity work.
(E) Deputy Secretary Li attends regular publicity work meetings.
36. In recent years, more and more robots have been used to perform reconnaissance, transportation, bomb disposal and other tasks on the battlefield, and even in the future, it will no longer be people, but all kinds of robots. Human warfare is undergoing the most profound revolution since the birth of nuclear weapons. According to this analysis, some experts pointed out that the emergence of robot warfare technology can make human beings away from danger and achieve war goals more safely and efficiently.
Which of the following, if true, would best question the views of the above experts?
(A) Modern humans control robots, but robots in the future may control humans.
(B) Robotic warfare technology helps to break away from the bloody pattern of mass killings in the past, thus making modern warfare more humane.
(C) There are only a few countries that have mastered the technology of robot warfare, and the occurrence of wars in the future will be more frequent and bloodier.
(D) Due to the gap in military scientific and technological strength between different countries, robot warfare technology will only keep some countries away from danger.
(E) Robot warfare technology in the era of globalization consumes more resources and destroys the ecological environment.
37. Uncle Hao unfortunately fell into a coma when he crossed the road, but fortunately a young man sent him to the hospital in time for treatment. After Uncle Hao's condition was stable, 4 strange young men Chen An, Li Kang, Zhang Xing and Wang Fulai visited him in the hospital. Uncle Hao asked them who had brought him to the hospital, and they replied as follows:
Chen An: None of us sent you to the hospital.
Li Kang: Some of the 4 of us sent you to the hospital.
Zhang Xing: At least one of Li Kang and Wang Fu did not send you to the hospital.
Wang Fu: The person who sent you to the hospital was not me.
It was later confirmed that two of the above 4 people told the truth and two told lies.
(A) It was Chen An and Zhang Xing who told the truth.
(B) It was Chen An and Wang Fu who told the truth.
(C) It was Li Kang and Zhang Xing who told the truth.
(D) It was Li Kang and Wang Fu who told the truth.
(E) It was Zhang Xing and Wang Fu who told the truth.
38. Driving on the road, a person not only needs to have a good sense of law-abiding, but also needs to have a special "rational calculation", in the congested traffic flow, as long as there is "gazing", the car you drive must let it go; You are driving a normal straight car on the road, and there is a car that does not hit the direction lights near you and suddenly crosses over to hit you, and it turns out that it wants to change lanes, and then you have to let it go.
Which of the following can question the above view of "rational calculation"?
(A) Reasonableness and unreasonableness will only encourage unhealthy tendencies and evil tendencies, which is contrary to the laws and morals of society.
(B) If you don't let it, you will encounter it; After encountering it, even if you are reasonable, you will have many troubles.
(C) "Rational calculation" is actually timid and afraid of things, always feel that everything can be hidden, but some things are difficult to hide.
(D) Blind concessions can also bring great danger to driving, not only may hurt themselves, but also may hurt the innocent.
(E) Even if it is encountered, it is not terrible, and if you call the police immediately after encountering it, the police will generally have a fair ruling.
39. Some experts pointed out that the urban planning of the mainland lacks the necessary meteorological demonstration, and the high-rise buildings in the city are built tall and dense, hindering the ventilation cycle of the city. Relevant data show that in recent years, the average wind speed in many cities in China has dropped by 10%. The decline in wind speed means that the ability of atmospheric diffusion is weakened, resulting in a prolonged residence time of atmospheric pollutants, which is easy to form smog weather and heat island effects. To this end, some experts have proposed the idea of establishing an "urban air duct", that is, building several smooth ventilation corridors in the city, so that the wind can enter and exit more freely in the city and promote the renewal cycle of urban air.
Which of the following, if true, best supports the above idea of establishing an "urban wind tunnel"?
(A) If there is a wind duct but no wind, it will make the urban air duct a useless ornament
(B) Some cities already have a natural basis for establishing "urban wind tunnels"
(C) The wind comes from all directions, and the idea of "urban wind tunnel" is too subjective and arbitrary
(D) Urban air ducts are not only conducive to "haze removal", but also conducive to heat dissipation
(E) The "street wind" formed by urban wind ducts has little impact on the safety of buildings.
40.
In 2014, in order to welcome the APEC meeting, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and other places implemented the "APEC Governance Model" and adopted the most stringent emission reduction measures ever. Sure enough, the intoxicating "APEC Blue" appeared. However, with the end of the meeting, the "APEC Blue" gradually disappeared. In this regard, some people expressed confusion, since the government can implement the "APEC governance model" in the short term and achieve good results, why not adhere to this model for a long time?
Which of the following can explain people's confusion?
(A) If there is frequent smog in Beijing during the APEC meeting, it will affect the image of our country
(B) If the "APEC governance model" is normalized in the near future, it will seriously affect the development of local economies and societies
(C) Any environmental governance comes at a cost, and the key is whether the cost exceeds the benefit
(D) The most stringent emission reduction measures have created many practical difficulties that are difficult to solve in the process of implementation
(E) Short-term strict emission reduction measures can only be a temporary measure, and air pollution control still needs to be considered in the long run
41. According to the existing laws of physics, it is impossible for any matter to move faster than the speed of light, but a recent astronomical observation challenged this law. The galaxy IC310, far from Earth, has an active black hole, and the material that falls into the black hole produces gamma-ray shock waves. Some astronomers have found that the beam of gamma rays is faster than the speed of light because it takes only 4.8 minutes to cross the boundary of the black hole, while light takes 25 minutes to travel that distance. As a result, these astronomers proposed that the law of invariance of the speed of light needs to be modified.
Which of the following, if true, would most question the conclusions made by the astronomers mentioned above?
(A) The law of invariance of the speed of light has undergone many practical tests in the past, and there are no counterexamples.
(B) Astronomical observations may be biased, after all, the IC310 galaxy is far from Earth
(C) Either the astronomer's observations are wrong, or someone has tampered with astronomical observations
(D) Either the law of invariance of the speed of light is outdated, or the astronomers' observations are wrong
(E) If there is no problem with the astronomers' observations, the law of invariance of the speed of light needs to be modified
42. A company's office pantry provides self-service paid drinks, and after the staff finishes the drinks, they put the money into a special collection box, and the researchers in order to judge the self-discipline level of the staff when there is no supervision, what factors will affect their self-discipline level. A decorative picture was specially posted on the top of the collection box, which was changed every Monday. Decorative pictures are sometimes some flowers, sometimes a pair of eyes. An interesting phenomenon emerged: During the week of "eyes", the money in the collection box far exceeded the situation of posting other pictures.
Which of the following, if wei zhen, can best explain the above experimental phenomena?
(A) When the company's employees see the "eye" picture, they can think that someone behind them may be looking at them
(B) Employees working in the company whose self-discipline exceeds that of others in society
(C) When the company's employees look at the pictures of "flowers", the mood is easy to become happy
(D) The eye is the window of the mind, and the company's employees will have an inexplicable feeling when they see the "eye" picture
(E) In the absence of supervision, most people lack self-discipline
Questions 43 to 44 are based on the following stems
A royal garden is arranged according to the central axis, with seven courtyards arranged from front to back. The seven courtyards are named after the Chinese characters "day", "moon", "gold", "wood", "water", "fire" and "earth". known:
(1) The courtyard with the word "day" is not the courtyard at the front;
(2) The "fire" character courtyard and the "earth" character courtyard are adjacent;
(3) The number of courtyards spaced between the "gold" and "month" courtyards is the same as the number of courtyards separated by the "wood" and "water" courtyards.
43. According to the above information, which of the following courtyards may be the "day" garden?
(A) The first courtyard.
(B) The second courtyard.
(C) The fourth courtyard.
(D) The fifth courtyard.
(E) The sixth courtyard.
44. If the second courtyard is a courtyard with the word "soil", which of the following can be concluded?
(A) The seventieth courtyard is the "water" garden.
(B) The fifth courtyard is the courtyard with the word "magic".
(C) The fourth courtyard is the "golden" garden.
(D) The third courtyard is the "Moon" Yu Garden.
(E) The first courtyard is the "fire" character garden.
45.In a study on "How Social Relations Affect Mortality in People", the researchers were surprised to find that a helpful, well-connected person had a longer average lifespan than the average person, especially among men, regardless of race, income, physical activity, etc.; Conversely, people with malicious intentions, self-interest, and misconnection with others have a 1.5 to 2 times higher mortality rate before the age of 70 than normal people.
Which of the following, if true, best explains the above findings?
(A) People who are physically and mentally healthy are easy to get along with others, while people with psychological problems are difficult to get along with others.
(B) Men generally have a stronger "hostility" toward others than women of the same age, and the average life expectancy of men in most countries is therefore lower than that of women.
(C) Bringing light and pleasant emotions to people and benefiting physical health; Harming others and self-interest brings tension and damages physical health.
(D) Most people with good intentions and open-minded thoughts are mentally happy and healthy.
(E) Those with a strong sense of self-superiority are usually also more "hostile" and they are in a state of tension for a long time.
46. Apples sold in supermarkets often have certain traces of grease, and the surface appears smooth and shiny. Master Niu believes that this is caused by pesticides remaining on apples, and the fruits are sprayed with pesticides before harvesting, so consumers must clean them before they can eat them after buying fruits in supermarkets.
Which of the following is most likely the assumption on which Master Niu's view depends?
(A) In addition to apples, many other fruits also leave certain traces of grease when they are shipped to the supermarket.
(B) The fruit ice sold in supermarkets has not been thoroughly cleaned.
(C) Only pesticides that leave traces of grease on the fruit can be washed away.
(D) Many consumers do not care whether the fruits sold in supermarkets have been washed.
(E) Most pesticides sprayed before fruit harvest will leave traces of grease on the fruit.
47. Many people not only do not understand others, but also do not understand themselves, although they may have tried to understand others at one time, however
Such an effort is doomed to failure, because it is impossible for a person who does not understand himself to understand someone else. It can be seen that those who lack self-understanding will not understand others.
Which of the following best illustrates the flaws in the above argument?
(A) The concept of "self-understanding" is used, but no definition is given.
(B) The possibility of "some people are unwilling to understand themselves" is not considered.
(C) Failure to properly grasp the relationship between understanding others and understanding oneself.
(D) Conclusions are merely a simple repetition of the premise of their arguments.
(E) Indirectly accusing people of not being able to empathize and understand each other.
48. In the 4 boxes numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 are filled with four kinds of teas of green tea, black tea, flower tea and white tea, each box contains only one kind of tea, and each tea contains only one box. known:
(1) The box containing green tea and black tea is within the range of 1, 2, 3;
(2) Boxes containing black tea and flower tea are within the range of No. 2, 3, and 4;
(3) The box containing white tea is within the range of 1, 2, 3
Based on the above, which of the following can be derived?
(A) Green tea at No. 3;
(B) Flower tea in No. 4;
(C) White tea at No. 3;
(D) Black tea at No. 2;
(E) Green tea at No. 1.
IV. Writing: Sub-questions 56 to 57, a total of 65 points. Among them, the analysis of the validity of the argument is 30 points, and the argument is 35 points.
56. Analysis of the validity of the argument: Analyze the defects and loopholes in the following arguments, select a number of key points, write an article of about 600 words, and analyze and comment on the validity of the argument. (The general points of the analysis of the validity of the argument are: whether the definition and use of the concept, especially the core concept, is accurate and consistent, whether there are various obvious logical errors, whether the argument of the argument is valid and supports the conclusion, whether the conditions for the conclusion to be established are sufficient, etc.)
According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the working-age population on the mainland in 2012 was reduced by 3.45 million compared with 2011, which shows that the supply of mainland labor has changed from excess to shortage. According to reports, in recent years, the Yangtze River Delta and other regions have frequently appeared in the phenomenon of "labor shortage", in the second quarter of 2015, the ratio of job vacancies and job seekers in the mainland was 1.06, indicating that the labor market demand is greater than the supply, so the mainland university students are actually in short supply.
Also, the higher a person's level of education, the higher his overall quality, the stronger the adaptability, of course, it is easier to find employment, college students are obviously easier to employ than other social groups, and it is unreasonable to say that college students are difficult to find employment.
In fact, some college students are difficult to find employment because their majors do not adapt to the market demand or the requirements for employment positions are too high, so as long as the professional settings of colleges and universities are adjusted according to market demand, employment education for college students is carried out to change their employment concepts, and college students are encouraged to start their own businesses, then the problem of college students' employment difficulties will no longer exist.
In short, the employment of college students is not a problem, and we do not have to worry about it.
Refer to the answer
Is college student employment really not a problem?
The material concludes that "the employment of university students is not a problem, and we do not have to worry about it", but there are the following problems in the process of discussion.
First of all, the material is debatable from "the mainland's working-age population decreased by 3.45 million in 2012 compared to 2011" and "this shows that the supply of mainland labor has changed from a surplus to a shortage". There is a suspicion of confusion here. "Working-age population" and "supply of labor force" are two different concepts, and "the supply of labor power is reduced" cannot be derived from "a decrease in the working-age population", so the above conclusion that "the supply of continental labor has changed from surplus to shortage" is not inevitable.
Secondly, the materials from "this year's Yangtze River Delta region frequent labor shortage, the second quarter of 2015 mainland job vacancies to the number of job seekers ratio of 1.06", to the conclusion that "the demand for the labor market is greater than the supply", which is inappropriate. There is a possibility that there is another cause here. The emergence of "labor shortage in the Yangtze River Delta" and "the ratio of job vacancies to job seekers in the mainland in the second quarter of 2015 was 1.06", in addition to the reason that "the demand for the labor market is greater than the supply", there may also be other reasons such as low salaries.
Third, the material states that "the higher a person's level of education, the higher his overall quality, the stronger his adaptability, and of course, the easier it is to find employment", which is debatable. There is a possibility that there is another consequence here. The higher a person's education level, the higher the overall quality, nor does it necessarily mean that the adaptability is strong, and it is not necessarily easy to find employment. The high level of education most indicates the improvement of their knowledge reserves and professional quality, but it is possible that some people with high education level have a low overall quality and a strong ability to adapt. Therefore, the conclusion drawn from the material that "college students are obviously more employable than other social groups" is not inevitable.
Finally, the material states that "some college students are difficult to find employment because their majors are not compatible with market demand or the requirements for employment positions are too high", which is inappropriate. There is a suspicion that there is another cause here. Some college students are difficult to find employment because the major they have studied is not compatible with the market demand or the requirements of the employment position are too high, but it may not be the only reason, and there may be other reasons such as the lack of mastery of the student's own personality or professional quality.
In summary, since there are the above logical problems in the process of reasoning and argumentation of the material, the validity of the above argument and the conclusion that "the employment of college students is not a problem, and we do not have to worry about it" are debatable.
【Alternate paragraphs】
The material states that "as long as the professional settings of colleges and universities are adjusted according to market demand, employment education is carried out for college students to change the employment concept of universities, and college students are encouraged to start their own businesses, then the problem of employment difficulties for college students will no longer exist", which is debatable. There is the possibility of a conditional relationship understanding fallacy here. It is possible that if the school's professional setting is reformed, but the training ability cannot be improved; Employment education for university students, but not for college students; College students are encouraged to start their own businesses, but there is no corresponding support for government and social policies. Therefore, even if colleges and universities adjust their professional settings, conduct employment education, and encourage entrepreneurship, they do not necessarily solve the employment problem.
57. Argumentative Essay: According to the following materials, write an argument of about 700 words, with a topic of self-drafting.
Aristotle said: "The essence of the city-state lies in diversity, not in consistency... Whether it is a family or a city-state, there is a certain consistency within them. Otherwise, they would not have been able to be formed. But there are limits to this consistency... The same sound cannot achieve harmony, and the same scale cannot form a melody. The same is true of the city-state, which is a polyhedron. People can unite into a community of citizens who have various differences only through education. ”
Topic 1 of the discourse: Innovation
Aristotle acknowledged the consistency within the city-state, and pointed out that the essence of the city-state is that there is a certain diversity, but also pointed out that the unity and harmony of the city-state can not be achieved through consistency, and proposed to make our city-state unified and united through education, we also pondered in this regard, the current educational concepts and methods are highly consistent, resulting in students lack of active thinking ability, long-term social stagnation, will eventually lead to a series of social problems, endangering the harmonious development of the country, so, It is imperative to develop students' innovative thinking skills.
Theme two: Unity of diversity and consistency
Aristotle's concept of the city-state gives us practical guiding significance at this stage, consistency is indispensable, but its limitations require the essence of its diversity, and the use of education to unite the strength of the people requires that its cultural education should also follow the unity of diversity and consistency.
Theme Three: Tolerance, Tolerance
Aristotle tells us that the unity of the city-state is unquestionable, but its diversity cannot be ignored, and how can it be made through education to serve our unity and unity? As long as the center of the bottom line of city-state politics is firmly maintained, the longer the radius of inclusive diversity, the larger the concentric circles drawn, the more we can unite all the forces that can be united, mobilize all the positive factors that can be mobilized, and work together to build the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. This tolerance includes tolerance between different people, mutual acceptance between cultures, and so on.
【Bibliography】
"Guide to the Comprehensive Ability Examination of the National Management Professional Degree Joint Examination" Compiled by the National Professional Degree Joint Examination Counseling Book;
"Management Professional Degree Joint Examination Comprehensive Ability Examination: Analysis of Examination Questions and List of Knowledge Points (Writing Fascicle)" edited by Liu Yan;
"Comprehensive Ability Examination for Management Professional Degree Joint Examination: Analysis of Examination Question Classification and List of Knowledge Points • Logical Fascicle" edited by Li Xue
"Management Professional Degree Joint Examination Comprehensive Ability Examination: Analysis of Examination Question Classification and Knowledge Point List: Mathematics Fascicle" Tong Wu, ed.
Mechanical Industry Press three sub-volumes of management of the comprehensive ability of the joint examination.
【Exam Syllabus】
【Examination experience】
Tsinghua University 199 Management Class Comprehensive Ability Examination Questions attach importance to the basics and flexible use, even if it is the same textbook, but the degree of mastery is not the same as the requirements of the candidate's university. Sheng Shi Qingbei teacher reminded candidates that they must pay attention to the precipitation, understanding, summary and induction of basic theories, the formation of a subject knowledge system, combined with the real question test points for exercise training, deepen understanding and mastery, rather than rote memorization of books, according to their own understanding to learn it is easy to take detours, resulting in failure.
If the examination and research has been determined, please do a long-term examination and research plan together with the Shengshi Qingbei Tsinghua Examination and Research Training Class, not for anything else, just because of the examination and research of Tsinghua, the preparation for the examination should be early.
Before preparing for the exam, Sheng Shi Qingbei sorted out the preparation period as follows:
Preparation Period (February-March)
Collect information on graduate school entrance examinations and determine the majors and schools to apply for
Test Center Grooming Stage (Round 1) (March/April-July)
With the goal of taking the test, the carpet system of test centers and difficult points + exercise training + stage test + correction + lecture and evaluation improvement will help students establish a knowledge system, deeply understand the knowledge points, and lay a solid foundation for professional courses in breadth and depth. This stage of the course is a test-taking course, with a high starting point, a certain intensity, and a combination of lectures and assessments. Candidates are required to keep up with the pace of the course and meet the standards of the review, homework and completion stage assessment in a timely manner. Candidates with a score of 80 or less in the First Preparation and World War II Professional Courses are suitable for participation.
Thematic True Questions Phase (Round 2) (August-October)
At this stage, it is necessary to pay attention to the school's enrollment brochure, examination outline and examination and research registration.
According to the previous examinations, the course content adopts the form of multi-topic + real question intensive practice to carry out the second round of review, helping students to carry out thematic consolidation and elevation on the solid basis of the first round, and carry out real question adaptability exercises, master the key points and key points of the exam, and break through their own review weaknesses. Including 3 rounds of real-time practical mock exam + correction + commentary improvement. This stage of the course is the second round of review above the test center combing stage, mainly for the test to improve. It is required to have a good foundation before participating in this stage of the course, and it is recommended to participate in the examination center combing stage or the examination score of the professional course in previous years is above 80 points.
Sprint Mock Exam Stage (Round 3) (November-December)
At this stage, on-site confirmation, admission ticket printer and examination are required, and now the confirmation is generally in November, and the examination is in December.
According to the practical requirements of the exam, this course adopts the method of full simulation examination, so that students can improve their practical ability, strengthen their examination skills, find knowledge blind spots and weaknesses, and improve the speed and accuracy of the examination. This stage of the course is the third round of review above the special topic real question stage, including 3 rounds of prediction mock exam, mainly for the actual practice test score and prediction.
After understanding the tasks of each month and stage, take the Qinghua exam, prepare for the exam as early as possible, for the review and preparation of various subjects in the summer vacation, ShengShi Qingbei shared the summer tasks with everyone.
Mathematics: to lay a good foundation, keep in mind the basic definitions, theorems, etc.,
Students with a good foundation, to consolidate the knowledge points, you can do some corresponding practice questions, ensure the amount of questions, not afraid of mistakes, do not escape, prepare the wrong question book, for repeatedly do the wrong questions for targeted training, students with a bad foundation, you have to work harder, or apply for a Tsinghua Tsinghua examination and research class, and lead yourself to stage review.
English: Memorize 100 words a day, increase vocabulary, do a set of real questions every week, and carefully study reading comprehension, essays, translations, and new question types.
Politics: After reviewing the textbook, students with resources can listen to video lessons, sort out the framework to understand memory, and do corresponding exercises.
Professional courses: go through the reference book, master the basics, sort out the framework, and do the exercises
Under a reasonable summer task, if you feel bored and difficult, sheng shi Qingbei Tsinghua examination and research training class to tell you how to conduct efficient review.
1. Maintain a sense of learning ritual
In order to ensure that the efficient time is used, you can treat every study as if it were a high school monthly exam or even a college entrance examination. What do you prepare in advance for graduate school? Material preparation: Eat enough to wear warm. Mental preparation: Get enough sleep before the test. Knowledge Reserve: Review and review. Before taking the exam, we had already repeated our performance in the exam room many times.
Let's take a look at how to establish a sense of ritual for an efficient learning:
► Substances
Water, chocolate, calculator, stationery. Before you formally study, you can line these things up on the table in case you have to scramble around when you need something temporarily.
► Spirit
Every night, you can give you a hint on the alarm: I'm going to study efficiently the next day, and if you've learned efficiently the day before, you'll fall asleep with a sense of satisfaction and new expectations. And, because of this psychological cue, you will also take the initiative to cater to this idea, fall asleep quickly instead of playing with your phone all the time,
► Time
For example, if eight o'clock is your formal study time, then you must make sure that you arrive there before eight o'clock in advance and sit in a chair to adjust the most comfortable learning posture.
2. Energy replenishment
► Body energy
People who study intensively can reach a maximum of 1 hour and 1.5 hours, which is very tiring, that is, it consumes a lot of energy. This is one of the reasons why there are recesses during class hours. Therefore, the Shengshi Qingbei Tsinghua Examination and Research Training Course recommends that you have to replenish your energy in time.
You can divide your study time into one or two hours. During the two-hour efficient study period, it is divided into two sections, one period of about fifty minutes, with a break in between, at this time you can replenish energy. (It's not like eating every time you take a break!) ）
► Emotional energy
Desperate work not only requires material energy, but also a lot of their emotional energy during the day, because the body consumes it all the time, and the emotional energy consumes more, resulting in a decline in emotional ability and a decrease in self-control.
Therefore, it is also necessary to avoid this consumption of emotional energy when learning. Yes, emotional energy also needs to be replenished. Exercise, relaxation, and speaking out are all good ways to release negative emotional energy.
In fact, in summary, effective learning means that you are seriously involved in textbooks, exercises or other learning content. We have to look at the essence through observation, through phenomena, and find any way to improve ourselves. When you really want to invest in graduate school, you don't want to let the time pass quickly, so with such precious time, you must concentrate on a line to attack. Look at other people's experiences and find out what works best for you.
Shengshi Qingbei wishes all students preparing for the Tsinghua Exam early gold list title!