Pineapple said
In this issue of the pineapple parlor, the guest is an old friend Ling Xia, a registered nutritionist in the United States, who talks about all aspects of nutritional support in the treatment process of cancer patients, and the following is a selection of live Q&A:
Sun Lingxia
Registered Dietitian in the United States
Former clinical dietitian at John Hops Hospital
Pineapple: Many cancer patients experience malnutrition, and even many advanced patients die not from cancer cells, but from severe malnutrition, why are cancer patients more likely than normal people to be malnourished?
Ling Xia: Clinical statistics show that in every 5 cancer patients who die, 1 person dies not because of the cancer itself, but because of malnutrition.
Cancer patients are very susceptible to malnutrition for two reasons, on the one hand, cancer itself is a metabolic disease, changing the metabolism of the body, accelerating the breakdown of fats and proteins, and reducing their synthesis. But our body wants to grow meat, relying on the body's own synthesis of protein and fat. This decomposition accelerates and synthesis decreases, resulting in the patient's wasting.
The second aspect is the side effects of treatment, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and so on during treatment. These conditions reduce our intake. The body's consumption has increased, and the intake is insufficient, so it will not be enough to make ends meet, and if it is not interfered with, the nutritional state will become worse and worse. Therefore, nutrition is very important for the treatment of the whole cancer.
In the whole treatment process, the patient is most familiar with surgery and drug treatment, but in fact, nutritional treatment is also an important part of cancer treatment, just like building a house, the house should be stable and not collapsed, there need to be several load-bearing walls, nutritional treatment and drug / surgical treatment, are to ensure the treatment effect of the house's load-bearing wall. Only by doing a good job of nutrition can our body have reserves. In the face of treatment, we can carry it, and our own immunity and various physiological functions can operate effectively and better cope with treatment.
Pineapple: A lot of people say they want to "starve cancer cells", is this a misconception?
Ling Xia: Hunger is not dead, the cancer cells are starved to death, good cells are also starved to death, this is not advisable, more should be to do a good job of nutrition, good cells grow back, only then have the strength to fight diseases and receive treatment.
Pineapple: Many people have particularly strong side effects when they receive chemotherapy, in fact, part of it is because of superimposed malnutrition, right?
Ling Xia: Exactly. Because the dose given by the doctor is the dose suitable for controlling the disease, but because the patient's body is emaciated, the lean tissue (that is, muscle tissue) is reduced, the tolerance of the drug decreases, the toxic side effects of the drug will increase significantly, the treatment will be more difficult, and even lead to the patient's inability to complete the next course of treatment on time. Therefore, to ensure nutrition and avoid weight loss, especially muscle tissue loss, treatment can be carried out on time and in quantity, reducing the additional side effects caused by treatment.
Pineapple: How should I eat after gastrectomy, what nutritional problems are easy to occur, and what are the ways to deal with it?
Ling Xia: The stomach is a very important digestive organ of our body, which carries the functions of food storage, digestion, and auxiliary absorption. Gastric resection can cause several problems.
First, after gastrectomy, the storage function of the stomach is affected, and gastroesophageal reflux or dumping syndrome may occur. Patients often have symptoms such as cough, heartburn, dizziness, palpitations, trembling, and sweating. You can try eating less and more meals, quit smoking and alcohol, eat small, chew more, eat dry and thin, do not lie down immediately after meals, avoid eating foods that aggravate gastroesophageal reflux, such as coffee, strong tea, sour and spicy, etc., as well as foods with high sugar content that are easy to raise blood sugar, such as sweet drinks and white porridge.
Secondly, after gastric resection, affecting the digestive function of the stomach, after the operation to take a step-by-step approach to increase the diet, from the initial postoperative clear liquid, such as water, to the total liquid, such as dairy products, to the nutritional paste or mud food, and then to a week after the operation, choose foods that are easy to digest and absorb, temporarily avoid whole grains with high dietary fiber, raw vegetables and fruits, and foods with high oil. After a month of surgery, slowly increase the variety and amount of food.
Finally, after gastric resection, especially total gastric resection, it affects the absorption of some nutrients, such as vitamin B12, iron, calcium, etc. Clinical data show that if no intervention is done, patients with total gastrectomy, 9 months after surgery, 100% of them have vitamin B12 deficiency. Everyone must pay attention to the lack of micronutrients, go to the hospital for review on time, and cannot wait until the body has been out of condition before going to the hospital.
The corresponding chapters in the book have specific food choices and precautions for each stage of postoperative surgery, which can be referred to.
Pineapple: Many people see on the Internet that the ketogenic diet can help prevent cancer, how do you think about this, is there any rationality for it?
Ling Xia: Don't think about cancer prevention through a ketogenic diet, it is not a healthy diet to help prevent cancer.
The second is whether the ketogenic diet is useful during cancer treatment?
First of all, the ketogenic diet cannot treat cancer independently and is not a substitute for conventional treatment. Second, as an adjunctive therapy, we currently lack a large sample of clinical studies to guide the use of the ketogenic diet in cancer treatment. The current clinical data are mostly case studies, and in the published data, we see that the ketogenic diet has some positive data on brain gliomas, however, it is worth noting that the clinical data also points out that for some tumors, the use of ketogenic diets has a negative effect on overall treatment, such as kidney cancer and melanoma.
Therefore, it is not recommended that you use the ketogenic diet as a routine method. Equivalent to taking the exam, how can you do well in the exam, you must first do a good job of the basic questions that you can clearly grasp the score, and do not know whether you can score the score first. If you want to try, it should be done under the guidance of a professional doctor and clinical dietitian. It is not recommended that you try the ketogenic diet by yourself, many of the recommended ketogenic diet methods on the Internet are not really used in the clinically effective ketogenic diet, the proportion of food is very important, and the ketogenic diet will produce some side effects, and it is also necessary to pay attention to and implement appropriate clinical interventions.
Pineapple: Someone asked if health supplements such as deep-sea fish oil and probiotics are useful?
Ling Xia: We must be clear that the role of all health care products and supplements is limited, and it is impossible to prevent or treat cancer by eating one or more health care products. The second is whether to eat these so-called health products, which must be seen on demand.
First of all, let's talk about deep-sea fish oil, which is mainly omega 3 fatty acids, and there are two important nutrients in it are DHA and EPA. If you also eat deep-sea fish on a daily basis, it is available. Cancer will bring increased inflammation in the body, deep sea fish oil can help reduce inflammation, and for cancer patients, omega 3 fatty acids are helpful to improve appetite, but we must pay attention to the fact that the dose is very important.
The effective dose recommended in the Nutritional Treatment Guidelines for Cancer Patients published in 2016 by the European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism to help increase appetite is 2,000 mg of omega-3 fatty acids per day. But it's not that the more the merrier, because it also has anticoagulation effects, and an overdose may increase the risk of blood loss. When purchasing products, choose a reliable manufacturer, quality products, pay attention to the source of fish in fish oil, and give priority to small fish with low mercury content, such as sardines or anchovies.
The second is probiotics. The use of probiotics in cancer patients is a very controversial issue. The first thing to make clear is that probiotics are not a thing, they are a class of things. There is a big family called probiotics, and there are also groups in it, such as lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus reuteri and other different strains, and there are strain names in the strains, all of which are numbered.
Therefore, when buying probiotic products, you must choose one with an ID card and a number. When we say whether it is useful for tumor patients, we also have to see which probiotic is useful in which way.
At present, the most evidence we have in the clinic is the use of probiotics to treat diarrhea, especially diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile infection, the effect is relatively good.
For anti-tumor therapy, some immunotherapy drugs will use probiotics in combination to do an immunomodulation, but it is still in the experimental stage, and there is still a certain distance from the real use of clinical. In addition, cancer patients' immune systems are suppressed and more susceptible to infection than healthy people. This means that if the probiotic source is not pure, or even if it is indeed a probiotic, it may also bring some risk of infection.
We have also seen patients in the ward when using probiotics, resulting in central venous blood flow infection, so I hope that when you use it, do not buy it yourself, and must communicate with the doctor.
Pineapple: I just checked, in December 2021, the scientific journal published a study of the gut microbiome of melanoma patients, and found that in patients with long-term probiotic supplementation, the overall effect of immunotherapy seems to be worse than no supplementation. Therefore, if a single supplement of probiotics does not necessarily have any benefits for immunotherapy, we must be cautious.
The second is that he found that eating foods rich in dietary fiber can actually increase the effect of immunotherapy, so is dietary fiber important for cancer patients?
Ling Xia: It is true that dietary fiber is very important, on the one hand, we are to prevent cancer, eat more things rich in dietary fiber, such as vegetables and fruits and whole grains, the risk of cancer is reduced, especially cancer of the digestive system.
Foods rich in dietary fiber can positively affect our gut microbiota. And the whole intestinal flora is related to many things, and the immune system is also very related. Current science and technology do not know how to better use probiotics to targeted intervention to achieve the most ideal intestinal flora, but the food that the intestinal beneficial bacteria like is mainly derived from dietary fiber, which can be beneficial to the overall intestinal microecological environment.
However, if gastrointestinal surgery is done, it is not recommended to eat too much dietary fiber in the next few weeks after the operation, and it can be slowly increased later.
Pineapple: Someone asked if you can take lutein eye protection when taking targeted drugs, generally speaking, when using targeted drugs, what are the considerations for this supplement?
Ling Xia: There is currently no clinical data that suggests that eating lutein can help alleviate eye-related side effects caused by targeted drug therapy. Lutein supplementation is mainly to help alleviate fundus macular degeneration caused by aging.
If you want to supplement lutein, pay attention to communicate with clinicians and pharmacists to confirm whether there is no interaction with the drugs being used at this stage, and then supplement. Lutein is present in the foods we often eat, and we can eat more lutein-rich foods, such as dark green vegetables, especially spinach, kale, and egg yolks are also rich in leaf yellow.
When we choose dietary supplements, the first thing to do is safety, and supplements must not interact with drugs. The second is that if this thing really works for me, I will have taken a lot of medicine during the treatment, and if I eat one more meaningless thing, it will be even more unnecessary.
Pineapple: How did the concept of hair come about? What do you think?
Ling Xia: If I ask everyone what is hair, I believe that the answer given by everyone is different, but there is definitely an intersection of meat, eggs, milk, such as beef, lamb, fish and shrimp, eggs.
I specifically consulted a professor of Chinese medicine who took the special allowance of the State Council, and what he told me was that there is no hair in the broad sense, if it is treated by Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine will be compatible, and some things will be restricted when using some medicines, but there will definitely be no hair in a broad sense, and if it is Western medicine treatment, there is no hair product.
There may be a reason why we folk avoid food and hair, one is the adverse symptoms caused by the problem of food preservation. We can see that it is easy to be considered to be a high-protein food, and in the past high-protein food is actually not easy to obtain, for example, fish and shrimp in addition to the coastal areas are difficult to eat, and meat, eggs and milk are not easy to preserve, easy to spoil, it is easy to produce some of the phenomenon of eating bad stomach, especially in the case of illness, the body's tolerance will be worse, eat some spoiled or not very clean things, more likely to appear some symptoms, everyone will think that these foods make my disease more serious, It becomes the so-called hair object.
The second thing that may occur is allergy symptoms, high-protein eggs, shrimp, milk, in fact, it will be easy to produce some allergic reactions, everyone feels uncomfortable, in fact, it is not necessarily the so-called hair that affects the treatment of the disease, but only your body is different, resulting in an overreaction of the immune system. But people may not see the essence, just from the superficial individual cases to feel that this food is problematic, everyone should avoid.
In addition, many folk sayings are mistaken for the order of a thing as a causal relationship, for example, I ate an egg today, I coughed as soon as I went out, I think it is because the egg is a hair that causes coughing, not today's smog.
Therefore, a thing happens only as a phenomenon, and there will be reasons behind it, and we must carefully analyze it, rather than saying that it is very arbitrary to judge. If you avoid hair in a broad sense, basic high-protein foods cannot be eaten. As just mentioned, cancer patients need to eat more things, especially protein, due to changes in metabolism, the whole body decomposes and the synthesis decreases.
Especially for patients who do surgery, it is equivalent to a hole in the house that you have to make up, when you make up for it, you need bricks to mud, and protein is a brick. When the protein is replenished, the wound can grow well.
We must know that to have good immunity is very important to have antibodies, these antibodies are actually proteins, the body to digest and absorb the enzymes are also protein, the body's important things, raw materials are from protein, so you are afraid of eating, what should the body do?
Pineapple: Some people ask some food to catch fire after eating, what is the situation?
Ling Xia: Fire is also a very Chinese word, when it comes to fire, everyone's understanding is different, usually many problems are boiled down to fire, such as some people say dry mouth, some people have sore throat or constipation.
Many times constipation or dry mouth and so on are not enough to drink water. Generally two liters of water a day, many people do not drink enough, especially in the summer sweating, more likely to appear so-called fire.
In addition, there are indeed uncomfortable symptoms such as sore throat and dry mouth after eating some food. I personally think we have to get along with food, you yourself feel that this thing I eat uncomfortable, do not eat it, but if a type of food is not eaten, you can consider whether to replace the nutrition brought by this kind of food through other ways, if it is only individual food, do not eat it.
Pineapple: When taking medicine, can you eat grapefruit?
Ling Xia: Many anti-tumor drugs and even hypertension drugs, even contraceptives, they need the CYPa enzyme system in the body to help. The furan coumarin contained in grapefruit will affect the concentration of the drug, that is, the drug treatment has an optimal concentration, and it will affect the drug concentration, so that the concentration is higher, and the toxic side effects will be greater.
The ingredient furancoumarin is found in many foods, but at present, in clinical data, the most significant impact on drug treatment is grapefruit, especially grapefruit juice. Mainly because in Europe and the United States especially like to drink grapefruit juice, a glass of juice is several fruits, on the one hand, the intake is also large, clinical data is also more, so the treatment guidelines generally exclude grapefruit juice. Many people also ask if grapefruit or other oranges are OK? The traditional grapefruit orange oranges that our country eats are not a big problem, don't eat a lot of them.
The image comes from the internet
Pineapple: What do you need to do if you notice that you lose weight very quickly during treatment?
Ling Xia: Weight loss is actually a very significant manifestation of malnutrition, and it should really be paid attention to for intervention.
The big way is to eat enough first, in the whole cancer treatment process, the need for nutrition is higher than usual, if you do not eat more during the treatment period, it is certainly not OK, during anti-tumor treatment, you may need to eat to the usual level and then 20%-30%. In the case of protein, the amount of protein required is basically 1.5-2 times that of healthy times.
So you have to find a way to eat enough to meet the needs of the body.
First of all, pay attention to diet, even when the appetite is not good, you must eat, just want to take medicine, you must pay attention to nutritional intake.
Second, without following three meals a day, you can eat fewer and more meals, eat a little from time to time, and eat as much nutrition as possible into the body in the time of day.
The third way is to increase the nutrient density and maximize the nutrition of each bite.
Adult patients want to lose weight throughout the treatment. Children's patients are more than this, not only to lose weight, but also to meet the growth and development of the appropriate age, so the nutrition of child patients is more important.
After doing these things, if it is still difficult to eat, the book also writes how to do high-nutrient-dense liquid food, because there is a very significant side effect in the process of cancer treatment, that is, fatigue. Chewing food at this time is also quite burdensome, so we can drink it at this time.
If this is still not possible, nutritional support can be carried out using the method of tube feeding. That is, through a feeding tube to transport nutrition to the stomach, many of our patients in the hospital are like this, during the day they do not eat enough, at night through the feeding tube to put nutrition into it, both rely on themselves and rely on artificial feeding, to achieve the overall adequate supply of nutrition.
Pineapple: What is tube feeding and in what ways?
Ling Xia: When it comes to tube feeding, everyone may think it is quite scary, in fact, in the treatment process of the disease, this is a very good helper, usually we put the tube down from the nose, along the esophagus into the stomach, so that the mouth can also eat normally, when you can't eat enough, through such a feeding tube, the nutrition is directly delivered to the body.
Many people will think that they only need to be managed at the end of their lives, but they are not. It is equivalent to us walking a difficult road, there is a river in front of us, we just can't eat, so many treatments in the back will be affected.
By building a bridge of tube feeding, the nutrition is injected first, the body has strength, and we can cross the river and tear down the bridge, and when the nutritional status is better, the energy and strength are better, and it can be dismantled. I used to work in a hospital in the United States, and more than half of our pediatric patients use tube feeding throughout treatment.
Put the tube myself, while drinking water while putting it is easy to swallow, there may be a little foreign body feeling, but put it for a while, we 8-year-old children can put their own tubes, so it is not so scary.
Pineapple: Tube feeding or parenteral nutrition, which is better?
Ling Xia: Parenteral nutrition is a last resort when you can't use the digestive tract, the digestive tract is a very important organ, it is used in and out, and it is not only digested and absorbed, but also an immune organ. Our entire digestive tract will maintain the overall immune function, so we must help it achieve this function through feeding, so as long as the digestive tract can be used, we must use the digestive tract, unless the entire digestive tract can not be used, can be satisfied with nutritional supplements through parenteral nutrition.
Pineapple: For pediatric cancer patients, what if you don't want to eat or picky eaters during treatment?
Ling Xia: I have a lot of clinical experience in severely ill children, and we think that children are also part of the treatment team, so we should drink more children to communicate and let them take the initiative to participate in the treatment. In the process of communication, I will tell the child clearly why he wants to eat, and I often tell the children that we are fighting monsters, the opponent is very strong, and our body will not be able to beat, so you are hospitalized. Eating and supplementing nutrition is to help us send more soldiers to your body, to help you better fight this battle.
The second is a case of poor appetite, which can be increased in many ways. A particularly useful thing for children is to make the food more colorful and fragrant, use food puzzles or something, stimulate multiple senses can make children want to eat more. Mom and Dad eat with the children, you eat and I eat with a special atmosphere, but also a way to stimulate multiple senses.
There are also small and many meals to eat, and there are many things to tuck in. In addition, it is to make some high-nutrient density snacks, which can often be eaten there, which can also help increase intake.
Just a parent said that children do not like to drink formula, in fact, in the process of treatment of children, whether it is formula or special medical use formula food is powdered, powder does not have to be brewed into milk to drink. For example, American children like to eat mashed potatoes, mashed potatoes will pour cream, we will put special medical formula food nutrition powder, whey protein powder, etc. into it, the child is also very happy to eat. You can add these nutritious things to other foods, even for adults.
In addition, you can also freeze these formulas or nutrient solutions into popsicles, ice cubes or make smoothies for children to eat.
This has several advantages, first, children especially like to eat popsicles, and they want to eat them when they look at them. The second one is made with nutrient solution, so the nutrient density is very high, eating this is very cost-effective, and every bite counts. Third, in the time of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, many drugs will produce side effects of oral mucositis, if we eat something cool when administering drugs, it can help reduce the risk and severity of oral mucositis, this is done with a large number of clinical literature, in many hospitals doctors will directly open ice cubes as part of the doctor's advice. Eating a popsicle or ice cube frozen by a nutrient solution not only has the temperature of the ice cube, but also increases the nutrition in the stomach.
Pineapple: Thyroid cancer patients, is it not possible to eat foods containing iodine?
Ling Xia: Now because of the screening, thyroid tumors seem to be more and more, and many patients are saying that everything containing iodine cannot be eaten. In fact, this is not right, thyroid cancer it has different types, iodine eating too much or not enough will increase the risk, many times what is needed is a moderate relationship.
Low-iodine diet is indeed required during treatment with iodine 131, which can make the body deficient in iodine, so that when using iodine radiation therapy, thyroid cells can absorb more of this iodine and play a better treatment effect.
Pineapple: Should cancer patients eat vegetarian food, and what should I pay attention to if I eat vegetarian food?
Ling Xia: If you are not a vegetarian person, you don't have to change to a vegetarian diet after you fall ill, and it will not be beneficial to change it, it will only increase the difficulty of fighting this battle.
First, after eating vegetarian, there are fewer protein-rich foods such as meat, eggs, and milk that can be eaten. Vegetarian protein will also have, such as beans, grains, but the quality is different, meat in the protein content is more, and meat, eggs, milk in the protein is more easily digested and absorbed by the human body, we call it high-quality protein. In plants, there is relatively little high-quality protein, and if you only eat vegetarian, it is difficult to eat enough protein.
Second, micronutrients are very important to help wound healing and metabolism in the body, but some are difficult to obtain through vegetarian food, or are not available in sufficient quantities. For example, iron, iron from animal sources is much better than iron from plant sources.
Zinc is also very important, zinc deficiency can lead to poor appetite, wounds do not heal, and zinc from animal sources is more easily used by the body than plants. There is also the vitamin B12 that is easily deficient in total gastrectomy patients, which is of no plant source, so it is easy to lack these important micronutrients by eating vegetarian only.
It is not to say that vegetarian patients must not be able to do it, and need extra women. If you are originally a vegetarian, you can meet the needs of protein by better matching food and better obtain these important trace elements, which are detailed in the book. But if you are not a vegetarian, there is no need to change to a vegetarian diet after suffering from cancer.
Pineapple: There are many high-grade supplements in China, such as Ganoderma lucidum, sea cucumber, bird's nest, Cordyceps sinensis, do you need to eat these things, is there any benefit?
Ling Xia: First of all, whether to buy expensive supplements or not, you don't have to.
These valuable supplements, such as Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps sinensis, have clinical data that may interfere with the smooth progress of treatment and surgery, lack of clear clinical data that will help cancer treatment and rehabilitation, and have safety risks and low cost performance. If you blindly eat these supplements, it affects the normal diet, but aggravates malnutrition, which is not conducive to treatment and rehabilitation.
We have cases of heavy metal poisoning that appear in our own cordyceps business, because of cancer, I heard that this thing eats a lot every day, and finally heavy metal poisoning is admitted to the hospital.
In the process of cancer treatment, what to do is to eat the most useful things with limited appetite and limited stomach capacity, and these most useful things are balanced and comprehensive diets, and eat enough calorie protein hungry micronutrients, through normal food. These advanced supplements are very limited in nutrition, may be harmful, and the cost performance is very low.
Images are from the public image gallery
Pineapple: Which trace elements need to be supplemented, and how should they be supplemented?
Ling Xia: All my cancer patients I would recommend that you pay attention to vitamin D. Vitamin D is a very important nutrient, and we often think that it is only useful for bone health, but in fact it has a lot of functions for immunity.
Many cancer patients are deficient in vitamin D, which is mainly synthesized on the skin by sun exposure, and there are not many sources in food. Patients are generally hospitalized or recuperate at home, rarely in the sun. Vitamin D deficiency has a detrimental effect on treatment and rehabilitation. The research data shows that for patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, vitamin D deficiency and normal patients, there are significant differences in the time of implantation and some complications after surgery. In colorectal and breast cancer patients, those with vitamin D deficiency have worse survival rates than normal patients. So we usually still want patients to take vitamin D supplementation to a healthy level.
Other nutrients are more on-demand supplements, on the one hand, the interaction between chemotherapy drugs and nutrients, the doctor may help you supplement while taking the drug. On the other hand, the impact of surgery, the changes in the digestive tract of the body by surgery will affect the absorption of nutrients, which is prone to deficiency. Micronutrient supplementation should be carried out under the guidance of clinicians and dietitians, and appropriate nutrient supplements should be given according to the specific situation of the patient, the appropriate dosage and length of supplementation, and do not supplement themselves at will.
Pineapple: Some people say that curcumin has anti-tumor effects, is it true?
Ling Xia: You may notice that many nutrients have anti-tumor effects, but basically stay in cell research or in vitro research, at most to animal studies, have not yet reached clinical research, and the effectiveness is questionable. Regardless of the effect, there are currently no nutrients that can replace the treatment of cancer treatment.
There are many studies on curcumin, and many of the anti-tumor effects that we have heard of come from cell or animal studies. In recent years, there have also been some clinical human studies of curcumin, for anti-tumor adjuvant therapy or the side effects of palliative treatment, but the existing results are not clear, and the study sample size is small, which is not enough to reassure us that cancer patients can be used in the clinic, and future clinical research may reveal more data to us. It should be noted that curcumin will affect the CYPase required for the metabolism of many cancer drugs, and may have adverse effects on the efficacy and toxic side effects of the drug.
Curcumin on their own is not recommended. If you are very interested, it is recommended to communicate with your doctor and clinical dietitian to consider the different cancer types, the drugs used, and the effects that need to be achieved by the supplement.
Even if it is to be used, it must pay attention to the unsafe source, absorption rate and stability. Curcumin is extracted from plants, and all plant-derived products on the market will have the problem of purity of extraction, if the purity cannot be done, it may be adulterated with other impurities, bringing additional harm.
Pineapple: Does eating carrots increase the risk of lung cancer?
Ling Xia: This is a very interesting topic. First of all, the answer is not, carrots also have a lot of dietary fiber, after eating it is good for the body, but if you eat carotene is not necessarily.
Carrots are a food, but if you eat β carotene, studies have shown that for smokers, it may increase his risk of lung cancer, but if smokers eat carrots as a food, it is nothing.
I hope you can see that food can bring us is actually a safer and more nutritious and comprehensive source, and supplements are actually in the body there are many unknowns, so I especially recommend that you still eat food.
Food is a gift of nature, and no matter how advanced science is, food can provide us with far more than these dietary supplements.
Pineapple: Patients are more afraid to eat sweet things, so can xylitol eat it?
Ling Xia: Xylitol can be eaten, but do not eat a lot, because it belongs to sugar alcohols, and it is easy to have diarrhea when you eat too much. Many patients may think that tumor cells eat sugar, so to avoid all sugar, and want to eat something sweet, you may think of xylitol.
Our food, especially fruit, which is sweet in itself, can also bring you a sweet taste feeling. Sugar really shouldn't be eaten more, but it's not poison, not that the treatment process is overpowered.
*Due to space limitations, only a selection of Q&A has been featured in this article.
【Preview】On Sunday (March 27) at 20:00, Professor Luo Ting of West China Hospital of Sichuan University brought a live broadcast on the theme of breast cancer, and the first appointment is not to miss it
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