In the Ming Dynasty, Hong Yingming, a first Taoist, had a passage in his "Cai Gen Tan": "The flowers are half open, and the wine is slightly drunk, which is very interesting." If it is rotten, it will become a bad situation. Full of shoes, it is advisable to think about it. ”
This is the realm of flower appreciation and drinking, the flowers are half open and half closed, people are half drunk and half awake, that is the most interesting and wonderful. If the flowers bloom in full bloom and the people are drunk and drunk, it becomes a bad situation, and the custom is intolerable. If this happens often, you should think carefully.
In this way, this "half" realm has great significance.
The ancients had a special affection for the word "half" and often used it to create a long and charming mood. In ancient poetry, the best sentences that use the word "half" to the point of being wonderful can be picked up.
The great tang dynasty poet Li Bai's "Emei Mountain Moon" said: "The moon of Mount Emei is half a wheel of autumn, and the shadow enters the water flow of the Pingqiang River. "Half a round of bright moon, high in front of the mountain, the moon shadow is delicate, with half as beautiful, the artistic conception is ethereal, there is no trace, and the charm is endless."
Du Fu's "Gifting Flowers and Qing" cloud: "Jincheng silk pipes are day after day, half into the river wind and half into the clouds." "Beautiful music, half with the river wind away, half drifting into the clouds, such music is like a fairyland, how many times can the human world hear it?"
Bai Juyi's "Twilight River Yin" said: "A remnant of the sun paves the water, and the half river is half red." "As the sun sets, on the sparkling river, half turquoise, half bright red, the light and shadow flow, and the fire is lovely."
Tang Ren Wei Zhuang said in the next film of "Female Crown : Last Night And Half": "Half ashamed and half happy, want to go and cling to it." Awareness is a dream, and it is not sad. "Good dreams are hazy, they see each other with affection, half shyness and half joy, they want to go back to Hugh, their feelings are tight, what kind of heart palpitations are beautiful!"
Zhongtang Yuanshu chanted in "Departure from Thought": "Once the sea was shipwrecked as water, except for Wushan Mountain, it is not a cloud." Take the second flower bush lazy review, half edge monasticism half edge jun. "Wading through the vicissitudes of the sea, the water elsewhere is not enough to care for; over the Wu Mountain, the clouds of his mountain are not enough clouds." Hurriedly don't go through the flowers, never look back, half of me have become a cultivator, half of me has red dust robbery... How can this "half" word of love not make people remember and cherish it!
"Half" has the magic of "half", especially for the natural scenery of mountains and countryside, "half" has ethereal beauty, hazy beauty, and more beauty of washing the eyes and ears and purifying the soul. The Ming Dynasty literary scholar Mei Dingzuo was an important official during the Jiajing period, and because he often opposed Yan Song, he returned to Jianyuan to give lectures, and was known as Mr. Wanxi. He wrote a poem "The Spring Scenery of The Empty Mist and the Smoke and Rain", poem Yun:
Half water, half smoke willows, half wind and half rain to promote flowers.
Half no half floating fishing boat, half Tibetan half see people.
This is the scene that the poet saw in the painting, and it is also a common scene of the mountains and wilderness after his retreat, half a bay clear stream around a few lines of smoke willows, half an acre of peach and plum cutting a wind and rain, fishing boats in the stream half sinking and half floating, rural people in the mountains and rivers half hidden and half appear... What an intoxicating picture of a spring scene!
Such an empty and quiet place is not only suitable for poets to cultivate themselves, but also for monks to cultivate the Path of Zen enlightenment. Between the Aiwan Pavilion and the Lushan Temple in Yuelu Mountain, Changsha, Hunan, there is a winding and rugged mountain road, and a six-square single-eaves pavilion was built very early on, named "Mid-Levels Pavilion", which is a place for monks and laymen to stop and rest on the way up the mountain. There is still a "Half Cloud Temple" in the middle of the mountain, and in ancient times there was a fire monk in the "Half Cloud Temple", who was quite versed in poetry, and he once gave a poem with the title of "Half", the poem is:
Half-mountain half-an number half cloud, half acre half land half-rugged embedded.
Half-level thatched blocks half-mountain stone, half-wall sunny day half wall yin.
Half wine and half poetry can avoid the world, half immortal and half Buddha are good at cultivating the mind.
Half a house, half a cloud, half a pine sound, half a piano.
The poem is neat and tidy, eight verses of poetry with eighteen "half" words, and the use of natural and smooth, rhyme through, and the meaning is popular, catchy, without any sense of difficulty and esoteric, can be called a masterpiece. In the poem, The scenery and Zen are harmonious and reasonable, showing the profundity of the fire monk's cultivation of the Buddhist enlightenment path, which is deeply appreciated by the abbot of Lushan Temple at that time, and then the fire monk is accepted as a disciple of the mantle, and the Buddhist scriptures are taught, so that they can recite them day and night. Although the Banyun Temple has been destroyed today, this "half" poem written by this monk has been passed down to this day, adding a lot of meaning to the famous mountain ancient pavilion.
The word "half" is more used to express views on things and attitudes towards life. The Song people have a "half-word poem", which is widely circulated, and the poem is:
Half water, half mountain, half bamboo forest, half vulgar, half elegant and half red dust.
Half teacher, half friend, half confidant, half admiration, half respect, half love.
Half awake, half confused, half straight, half crazy, half drunk, half true.
Half rainbow, half dew, half rain, half kyauk, half bend, half moon wheel.
There are a total of twenty-four "half" words in the poem, all of which are cleverly and appropriately used, which is quite ingenious. At first glance, it seems to be a word game played by literati after tea and dinner; if you read it carefully, every sentence is philosophical and insightful; if you expand to talk about it, it is all a world and a scenery. There are natural phenomena, half mountains and half water, full moon lack, rainbow dew and rain, more is the life situation, none of them are complete, half have shortcomings. It is that there are thousands of things in the world that are not perfect, and life is not satisfactory. Only a life of mixed sorrow and joy and bittersweet can have more charm, and there are shortcomings and twists and turns as a kind of beauty!
The scenery of "half" is beautiful, the way of "half" is deep, and the word "half" is more emotional. The Qing Dynasty scholar Li Mian had a more transparent taste, and he made a long poem called "Half a Song":
See through the floating more than half, half of the use of boundless.
Half of the middle years are idle, and half of the mile is wide.
Half Guo half country house, half mountain and half water pastoral.
Half ploughing, half reading, half scripture, half soldier and half people.)
Half elegant and half coarse utensils, half Hua and half real Tingxuan.
The food is half vegetarian and half light, and the food is half rich and half thrifty.
The child servant is half able and half clumsy, and the wife and children are half simple and half virtuous.
The mood is half Buddha, half immortal, and the surname is half Hidden and half obvious.
Half of the heavens and the earth, let half of the world,
Half thinking about the descendants and cangtian, half thinking about how Yan Luo saw.
The wine is half drunk, and the flowers are half blooming.
The sail is half open and half-turned, and the horse is half reined to stabilize.
Half less but spare, half more anti-entanglement.
A hundred years of bittersweet semi-ginseng, will take advantage of only half.
Li Mian wrote a lot of "half" characters of the scenery of the sense of the sense, the writing is fluent, the language is simple, contains a profound philosophy of life, intriguing, thought-provoking. But what touched me the most was the last few sentences of the poem:
The road is long and long, and it is not urgent, the sail is half open, the horse is half released, the most secure; the day is hurried and bitter, greedy, half less and half more to have a taste.
One year, I musu Dongpo "the streams and mountains are everywhere, the most loved Lingyin flying lonely" poetry, with friends to Zhejiang Hangzhou Lingyin Temple a visit. Hanging in the temple is a couplet, the upper link: "How can life be more satisfactory", the lower lianyun: "Everything is only half satisfactory", which suddenly made me enlightened and enlightened.
Isn't this philosophy of "half-heartedness" and "half-heartedness" the attitude towards life that is content and happy and is at ease with encounters? This may be what the contemporary writer Lin Yutang advocated in the book "Art in Life" - "the most sound ideal life found in Chinese".
-Author-
Liu Qirui, male, a native of Tancheng, Shandong, a veteran literature lover, published the essay collection "The Song of that year", "Nostalgia is a Curved Blue Moon" and the short story collection "Hedong Hexi".